1 collectd on Debian
2 ==================
4 General notes:
5 --------------
7 - Some plugins require additional libraries. To prevent you from having to
8 install dozens of further packages that you don't actually need, there is no
9 strict dependency on those libraries. Rather, they are listed as recommenda-
10 tions ("collectd" package) or suggestions ("collectd-core" package"). See
11 /usr/share/doc/collectd-core/README.Debian.plugins for details.
13 - The main components of collectd have been split into two packages:
15 * "collectd-core":
16 This package contains the main program file and the plugins but no config-
17 uration. It allows sites to, e.g., provide customizations on top of it
18 without having to modify the "collectd" package. For example, a custom
19 configuration and appropriate dependencies may be provided by some package
20 depending on "collectd-core" and conflicting / replacing / providing
21 "collectd". Ready-to-use sample config files (collectd.conf, filters.conf,
22 thresholds.conf) are available in /usr/share/doc/collectd-core/examples/.
24 * "collectd":
25 This package provides a full installation of the daemon, including a
26 configuration. It is meant to be ready to use for simple setups or first
27 steps.
29 Configuring collectd:
30 ---------------------
32 - See collectd.conf(5) for details about configuring collectd.
34 Access the collected data:
35 --------------------------
37 collectd is able to write data to CSV (comma separated list) and RRD (round
38 robin database - see http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/) files. However it does
39 not create graphs from these files. This package contains two sample scripts
40 in /usr/share/doc/collectd/examples/ which can be used for this purpose. They
41 are meant to be a starting point for your own experiments - more sophisticated
42 solutions are welcome.
44 - collectd2html.pl: This script by Vincent Stehlé will search for RRD files in
45 "/var/lib/collectd/" and generate a static HTML file and a directory
46 containing several PNG files which are graphs of the RRD files found.
48 - collection.cgi: Sample CGI script that creates graphs on the fly. The Perl
49 modules "RRDs" (package librrds-perl), "URI:Escape" (package liburi-perl),
50 "HTML::Entities" (package libhtml-parser-perl) and a CGI capable web server
51 (e.g. apache2 or boa) are required for this script to run. Simply install
52 the (gunzip'ed) script to a place where the webserver will treat it as a CGI
53 script (/usr/lib/cgi-bin/ by default) and visit that page in a browser
54 (http://localhost/cgi-bin/collection.cgi by default). Please refer to your
55 webserver's documentation for more details.
57 collection.cgi requires a small config file, which is installed to
58 /etc/collectd/collection.conf. You should not need to change anything there.
60 - collection3: A graphing front-end for the RRD files created by and filled
61 with collectd. See /usr/share/doc/collectd/examples/collection3/README for
62 details. This is a successor for collection.cgi.
64 Cleanup of old data:
65 --------------------
67 collectd itself does not take care of removing any data files (e.g. RRDtool)
68 that are no longer updated (e.g., no longer existing hosts or instances).
69 There are a couple of ways to take care of that. In any case, double-check the
70 list of files to be removed before doing so! We do not take responsibility for
71 any data loss or similar.
73 - Check the last modification time of all RRD files:
75 find /var/lib/collectd/rrd/ -mtime +30 -type f
77 This will list all files that have not been updated within the last 30 days.
78 After double-checking the list of files, use a command like the following to
79 delete old files:
81 find /var/lib/collectd/rrd/ -mtime +30 -type f | xargs rm
83 NOTE: Some versions of RRDtool did not update mtime when writing to a file.
84 This has been fixed in version 1.3.5 of RRDtool. If your version is
85 affected by that, this approach does not work.
87 - Check the 'last_update' header of the RRD files:
89 export IFS="
90 "
91 for file in $( find /var/lib/collectd/rrd/ -type f -name '*.rrd' ); do
92 last_update=$( rrdtool info $file | grep last_update | cut -d' ' -f3 )
93 if test -n "$last_update" \
94 -a $(( $( date +%s ) - $last_update )) -gt 2592000; then
95 echo $file
96 fi
97 done
99 This will also list all files that have not been updated within the last 30
100 days. It's a bit more expensive since each and every RRD file will have to
101 be read from disk rather than checking the file-system meta-data only.
103 When doing those checks, take into account any caching times configured in the
104 RRDtool plugin or when using RRDCacheD.
106 Building your own plugins:
107 --------------------------
109 - Originally, plugins for collectd had to be written in C and linked as shared
110 objects. Starting with version 4.0.0, it is also possible to use plugins
111 written in the scripting language Perl or implemented as separate processes.
112 In later versions, support for Java and Python has been added. See the
113 appropriate collectd-<extension>(5) manual page for details.
115 - If you want to contribute plugins to the official distribution you should
116 read http://collectd.org/dev-info.shtml.
118 - If you want to build C plugins for your personal use only simply install the
119 collectd-dev package and use /usr/share/doc/collectd-dev/examples/myplugin.c
120 as a starting point (Note: This is already a working example, though it does
121 not collect any useful data).
123 The resulting file can be compiled as follows:
125 gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -shared -fPIC -o myplugin.so myplugin.c
127 Copy myplugin.so to /usr/lib/collectd and add the following line to your
128 collectd config file:
130 LoadPlugin myplugin
132 Restart collectd and you're done.
134 - The collectd-dev package also provides an example Perl plugin that can be
135 used as a starting point for your own development. It can be found in
136 /usr/share/doc/collectd-dev/examples/MyPlugin.pm (Note: This is already a
137 working example, though it does not collect any useful data).
139 To enable the plugin, copy it to a place where Perl can find it (i.e. a
140 subdirectory named "Collectd/Plugin" of a directory listed in @INC) and add
141 the following line to the perl plugin section in your config file:
143 LoadPlugin "Collectd::Plugin::MyPlugin"
145 or
147 BaseName "Collectd::Plugin"
148 LoadPlugin MyPlugin
150 Restart collectd and you're done.
152 Examples:
153 ---------
155 - SpamAssassin/: This directory contains a SpamAssassin plugin which passes
156 statistics to collectd using the email plugin. See the embedded POD
157 documentation for information about setup and configuration: perldoc
158 Collectd.pm.
160 - iptables/: This directory contains a script which will setup iptables to do
161 global logging of all traffic going in and out of an interface. This
162 information can then be collected by collectd's iptables plugin.
164 - collectd-network.py: Python module implementing the collectd network
165 protocol in pure Python. It currently supports to receive data and
166 notifications from collectd.
168 - collectd-unixsock.py: Python module providing an interface to collect's
169 unixsock plugin.
171 - cussh.pl: "Collectd Unix Socket SHell" is a small, interactive front-end for
172 the unixsock plugin. See the embedded POD documentation for details: perldoc
173 cussh.pl.
175 - exec-munin.px: Script to be used with the exec-plugin (see collectd-exec(5)
176 for details) which executes munin plugins, parses the output and translates
177 it to a format the exec-plugin understands. The features are limited -
178 changing the munin plugins to use the output format understood by the
179 exec-plugin is recommended. See the embedded POD documentation for more
180 details: perldoc exec-munin.px.
182 - exec-smartctl: Sample script for the exec plugin. Please refer to the
183 documentation in the file - you will have to adapt it to your needs anyway.
185 - network-proxy.py: A simple unicast proxy for collectd traffic.
187 - snmp-data.conf: Sample configuration for the SNMP plugin. This config
188 includes a few standard <Data ..> definitions that you can include in your
189 own config using the `Include' statement (available since version 4.2.0).
190 The config includes some data that is defined in the IF-MIB, e. g. octet or
191 packet counters, UPS-MIB and whatever people have send in. If you have some
192 more definitions please send them in, so others can profit from it.
194 - snmp-probe-host.px: Script to be used to automatically generate SNMP
195 configuration snippets for the "snmp" plugin. See the embedded POD
196 documentation for more details: perldoc snmp-probe-host.px.
198 Additional helper scripts:
199 --------------------------
201 - add_rra.sh: Before version 3.9.0 collectd used to create a different set of
202 RRAs. The most detailed of these old RRAs had a one minute resolution. This
203 script can be used to add three more RRAs: minimum, maximum and average with
204 a ten second resolution and 2200 rows (~6 hours). This will make hourly
205 statistics much more interesting. Please note that no sanity-checking
206 whatsoever is performed. You can seriously screw up your RRD files if you
207 don't know what you're doing.