Code

Unify option toggling
[tig.git] / tig.c
diff --git a/tig.c b/tig.c
index 458ebcbf5d3f87373ba25ef223c50025af2be04b..fd19f5403e8351618b37e2e1a97bcc1af9a6906b 100644 (file)
--- a/tig.c
+++ b/tig.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* Copyright (c) 2006-2009 Jonas Fonseca <fonseca@diku.dk>
+/* Copyright (c) 2006-2010 Jonas Fonseca <fonseca@diku.dk>
  *
  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/select.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
 #include <time.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 
 static void __NORETURN die(const char *err, ...);
 static void warn(const char *msg, ...);
 static void report(const char *msg, ...);
-static void set_nonblocking_input(bool loading);
-static int load_refs(void);
-static size_t utf8_length(const char **string, size_t col, int *width, size_t max_width, int *trimmed, bool reserve);
 
 #define ABS(x)         ((x) >= 0  ? (x) : -(x))
 #define MIN(x, y)      ((x) < (y) ? (x) :  (y))
+#define MAX(x, y)      ((x) > (y) ? (x) :  (y))
 
 #define ARRAY_SIZE(x)  (sizeof(x) / sizeof(x[0]))
 #define STRING_SIZE(x) (sizeof(x) - 1)
@@ -103,51 +102,44 @@ static size_t utf8_length(const char **string, size_t col, int *width, size_t ma
 /* The format and size of the date column in the main view. */
 #define DATE_FORMAT    "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"
 #define DATE_COLS      STRING_SIZE("2006-04-29 14:21 ")
+#define DATE_SHORT_COLS        STRING_SIZE("2006-04-29 ")
 
-#define AUTHOR_COLS    20
 #define ID_COLS                8
+#define AUTHOR_COLS    19
 
-/* The default interval between line numbers. */
-#define NUMBER_INTERVAL        5
-
-#define TAB_SIZE       8
-
-#define        SCALE_SPLIT_VIEW(height)        ((height) * 2 / 3)
+#define MIN_VIEW_HEIGHT 4
 
 #define NULL_ID                "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
 
 #define S_ISGITLINK(mode) (((mode) & S_IFMT) == 0160000)
 
-#ifndef GIT_CONFIG
-#define GIT_CONFIG "config"
-#endif
-
 /* Some ASCII-shorthands fitted into the ncurses namespace. */
+#define KEY_CTL(x)     ((x) & 0x1f) /* KEY_CTL(A) == ^A == \1 */
 #define KEY_TAB                '\t'
 #define KEY_RETURN     '\r'
 #define KEY_ESC                27
 
 
 struct ref {
-       char *name;             /* Ref name; tag or head names are shortened. */
        char id[SIZEOF_REV];    /* Commit SHA1 ID */
        unsigned int head:1;    /* Is it the current HEAD? */
        unsigned int tag:1;     /* Is it a tag? */
        unsigned int ltag:1;    /* If so, is the tag local? */
        unsigned int remote:1;  /* Is it a remote ref? */
        unsigned int tracked:1; /* Is it the remote for the current HEAD? */
-       unsigned int next:1;    /* For ref lists: are there more refs? */
+       char name[1];           /* Ref name; tag or head names are shortened. */
 };
 
-static struct ref **get_refs(const char *id);
-
-enum format_flags {
-       FORMAT_ALL,             /* Perform replacement in all arguments. */
-       FORMAT_DASH,            /* Perform replacement up until "--". */
-       FORMAT_NONE             /* No replacement should be performed. */
+struct ref_list {
+       char id[SIZEOF_REV];    /* Commit SHA1 ID */
+       size_t size;            /* Number of refs. */
+       struct ref **refs;      /* References for this ID. */
 };
 
-static bool format_argv(const char *dst[], const char *src[], enum format_flags flags);
+static struct ref *get_ref_head();
+static struct ref_list *get_ref_list(const char *id);
+static void foreach_ref(bool (*visitor)(void *data, const struct ref *ref), void *data);
+static int load_refs(void);
 
 enum input_status {
        INPUT_OK,
@@ -161,6 +153,35 @@ typedef enum input_status (*input_handler)(void *data, char *buf, int c);
 static char *prompt_input(const char *prompt, input_handler handler, void *data);
 static bool prompt_yesno(const char *prompt);
 
+struct menu_item {
+       int hotkey;
+       const char *text;
+       void *data;
+};
+
+static bool prompt_menu(const char *prompt, const struct menu_item *items, int *selected);
+
+/*
+ * Allocation helpers ... Entering macro hell to never be seen again.
+ */
+
+#define DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(name, type, chunk_size)                               \
+static type *                                                                  \
+name(type **mem, size_t size, size_t increase)                                 \
+{                                                                              \
+       size_t num_chunks = (size + chunk_size - 1) / chunk_size;               \
+       size_t num_chunks_new = (size + increase + chunk_size - 1) / chunk_size;\
+       type *tmp = *mem;                                                       \
+                                                                               \
+       if (mem == NULL || num_chunks != num_chunks_new) {                      \
+               tmp = realloc(tmp, num_chunks_new * chunk_size * sizeof(type)); \
+               if (tmp)                                                        \
+                       *mem = tmp;                                             \
+       }                                                                       \
+                                                                               \
+       return tmp;                                                             \
+}
+
 /*
  * String helpers
  */
@@ -189,7 +210,7 @@ string_ncopy_do(char *dst, size_t dstlen, const char *src, size_t srclen)
 #define string_add(dst, from, src) \
        string_ncopy_do(dst + (from), sizeof(dst) - (from), src, sizeof(src))
 
-static void
+static size_t
 string_expand(char *dst, size_t dstlen, const char *src, int tabsize)
 {
        size_t size, pos;
@@ -208,6 +229,7 @@ string_expand(char *dst, size_t dstlen, const char *src, int tabsize)
        }
 
        dst[size] = 0;
+       return pos;
 }
 
 static char *
@@ -269,6 +291,9 @@ string_enum_compare(const char *str1, const char *str2, int len)
        return 0;
 }
 
+#define enum_equals(entry, str, len) \
+       ((entry).namelen == (len) && !string_enum_compare((entry).name, str, len))
+
 struct enum_map {
        const char *name;
        int namelen;
@@ -277,6 +302,24 @@ struct enum_map {
 
 #define ENUM_MAP(name, value) { name, STRING_SIZE(name), value }
 
+static char *
+enum_map_name(const char *name, size_t namelen)
+{
+       static char buf[SIZEOF_STR];
+       int bufpos;
+
+       for (bufpos = 0; bufpos <= namelen; bufpos++) {
+               buf[bufpos] = tolower(name[bufpos]);
+               if (buf[bufpos] == '_')
+                       buf[bufpos] = '-';
+       }
+
+       buf[bufpos] = 0;
+       return buf;
+}
+
+#define enum_name(entry) enum_map_name((entry).name, (entry).namelen)
+
 static bool
 map_enum_do(const struct enum_map *map, size_t map_size, int *value, const char *name)
 {
@@ -284,8 +327,7 @@ map_enum_do(const struct enum_map *map, size_t map_size, int *value, const char
        int i;
 
        for (i = 0; i < map_size; i++)
-               if (namelen == map[i].namelen &&
-                   !string_enum_compare(name, map[i].name, namelen)) {
+               if (enum_equals(map[i], name, namelen)) {
                        *value = map[i].value;
                        return TRUE;
                }
@@ -309,6 +351,299 @@ suffixcmp(const char *str, int slen, const char *suffix)
 }
 
 
+/*
+ * Unicode / UTF-8 handling
+ *
+ * NOTE: Much of the following code for dealing with Unicode is derived from
+ * ELinks' UTF-8 code developed by Scrool <scroolik@gmail.com>. Origin file is
+ * src/intl/charset.c from the UTF-8 branch commit elinks-0.11.0-g31f2c28.
+ */
+
+static inline int
+unicode_width(unsigned long c, int tab_size)
+{
+       if (c >= 0x1100 &&
+          (c <= 0x115f                         /* Hangul Jamo */
+           || c == 0x2329
+           || c == 0x232a
+           || (c >= 0x2e80  && c <= 0xa4cf && c != 0x303f)
+                                               /* CJK ... Yi */
+           || (c >= 0xac00  && c <= 0xd7a3)    /* Hangul Syllables */
+           || (c >= 0xf900  && c <= 0xfaff)    /* CJK Compatibility Ideographs */
+           || (c >= 0xfe30  && c <= 0xfe6f)    /* CJK Compatibility Forms */
+           || (c >= 0xff00  && c <= 0xff60)    /* Fullwidth Forms */
+           || (c >= 0xffe0  && c <= 0xffe6)
+           || (c >= 0x20000 && c <= 0x2fffd)
+           || (c >= 0x30000 && c <= 0x3fffd)))
+               return 2;
+
+       if (c == '\t')
+               return tab_size;
+
+       return 1;
+}
+
+/* Number of bytes used for encoding a UTF-8 character indexed by first byte.
+ * Illegal bytes are set one. */
+static const unsigned char utf8_bytes[256] = {
+       1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
+       1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
+       1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
+       1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
+       1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
+       1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
+       2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2, 2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2, 2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2, 2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,
+       3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3, 3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3, 4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4, 5,5,5,5,6,6,1,1,
+};
+
+static inline unsigned char
+utf8_char_length(const char *string, const char *end)
+{
+       int c = *(unsigned char *) string;
+
+       return utf8_bytes[c];
+}
+
+/* Decode UTF-8 multi-byte representation into a Unicode character. */
+static inline unsigned long
+utf8_to_unicode(const char *string, size_t length)
+{
+       unsigned long unicode;
+
+       switch (length) {
+       case 1:
+               unicode  =   string[0];
+               break;
+       case 2:
+               unicode  =  (string[0] & 0x1f) << 6;
+               unicode +=  (string[1] & 0x3f);
+               break;
+       case 3:
+               unicode  =  (string[0] & 0x0f) << 12;
+               unicode += ((string[1] & 0x3f) << 6);
+               unicode +=  (string[2] & 0x3f);
+               break;
+       case 4:
+               unicode  =  (string[0] & 0x0f) << 18;
+               unicode += ((string[1] & 0x3f) << 12);
+               unicode += ((string[2] & 0x3f) << 6);
+               unicode +=  (string[3] & 0x3f);
+               break;
+       case 5:
+               unicode  =  (string[0] & 0x0f) << 24;
+               unicode += ((string[1] & 0x3f) << 18);
+               unicode += ((string[2] & 0x3f) << 12);
+               unicode += ((string[3] & 0x3f) << 6);
+               unicode +=  (string[4] & 0x3f);
+               break;
+       case 6:
+               unicode  =  (string[0] & 0x01) << 30;
+               unicode += ((string[1] & 0x3f) << 24);
+               unicode += ((string[2] & 0x3f) << 18);
+               unicode += ((string[3] & 0x3f) << 12);
+               unicode += ((string[4] & 0x3f) << 6);
+               unicode +=  (string[5] & 0x3f);
+               break;
+       default:
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /* Invalid characters could return the special 0xfffd value but NUL
+        * should be just as good. */
+       return unicode > 0xffff ? 0 : unicode;
+}
+
+/* Calculates how much of string can be shown within the given maximum width
+ * and sets trimmed parameter to non-zero value if all of string could not be
+ * shown. If the reserve flag is TRUE, it will reserve at least one
+ * trailing character, which can be useful when drawing a delimiter.
+ *
+ * Returns the number of bytes to output from string to satisfy max_width. */
+static size_t
+utf8_length(const char **start, size_t skip, int *width, size_t max_width, int *trimmed, bool reserve, int tab_size)
+{
+       const char *string = *start;
+       const char *end = strchr(string, '\0');
+       unsigned char last_bytes = 0;
+       size_t last_ucwidth = 0;
+
+       *width = 0;
+       *trimmed = 0;
+
+       while (string < end) {
+               unsigned char bytes = utf8_char_length(string, end);
+               size_t ucwidth;
+               unsigned long unicode;
+
+               if (string + bytes > end)
+                       break;
+
+               /* Change representation to figure out whether
+                * it is a single- or double-width character. */
+
+               unicode = utf8_to_unicode(string, bytes);
+               /* FIXME: Graceful handling of invalid Unicode character. */
+               if (!unicode)
+                       break;
+
+               ucwidth = unicode_width(unicode, tab_size);
+               if (skip > 0) {
+                       skip -= ucwidth <= skip ? ucwidth : skip;
+                       *start += bytes;
+               }
+               *width  += ucwidth;
+               if (*width > max_width) {
+                       *trimmed = 1;
+                       *width -= ucwidth;
+                       if (reserve && *width == max_width) {
+                               string -= last_bytes;
+                               *width -= last_ucwidth;
+                       }
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               string  += bytes;
+               last_bytes = ucwidth ? bytes : 0;
+               last_ucwidth = ucwidth;
+       }
+
+       return string - *start;
+}
+
+
+#define DATE_INFO \
+       DATE_(NO), \
+       DATE_(DEFAULT), \
+       DATE_(LOCAL), \
+       DATE_(RELATIVE), \
+       DATE_(SHORT)
+
+enum date {
+#define DATE_(name) DATE_##name
+       DATE_INFO
+#undef DATE_
+};
+
+static const struct enum_map date_map[] = {
+#define DATE_(name) ENUM_MAP(#name, DATE_##name)
+       DATE_INFO
+#undef DATE_
+};
+
+struct time {
+       time_t sec;
+       int tz;
+};
+
+static inline int timecmp(const struct time *t1, const struct time *t2)
+{
+       return t1->sec - t2->sec;
+}
+
+static const char *
+mkdate(const struct time *time, enum date date)
+{
+       static char buf[DATE_COLS + 1];
+       static const struct enum_map reldate[] = {
+               { "second", 1,                  60 * 2 },
+               { "minute", 60,                 60 * 60 * 2 },
+               { "hour",   60 * 60,            60 * 60 * 24 * 2 },
+               { "day",    60 * 60 * 24,       60 * 60 * 24 * 7 * 2 },
+               { "week",   60 * 60 * 24 * 7,   60 * 60 * 24 * 7 * 5 },
+               { "month",  60 * 60 * 24 * 30,  60 * 60 * 24 * 30 * 12 },
+       };
+       struct tm tm;
+
+       if (!date || !time || !time->sec)
+               return "";
+
+       if (date == DATE_RELATIVE) {
+               struct timeval now;
+               time_t date = time->sec + time->tz;
+               time_t seconds;
+               int i;
+
+               gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
+               seconds = now.tv_sec < date ? date - now.tv_sec : now.tv_sec - date;
+               for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(reldate); i++) {
+                       if (seconds >= reldate[i].value)
+                               continue;
+
+                       seconds /= reldate[i].namelen;
+                       if (!string_format(buf, "%ld %s%s %s",
+                                          seconds, reldate[i].name,
+                                          seconds > 1 ? "s" : "",
+                                          now.tv_sec >= date ? "ago" : "ahead"))
+                               break;
+                       return buf;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (date == DATE_LOCAL) {
+               time_t date = time->sec + time->tz;
+               localtime_r(&date, &tm);
+       }
+       else {
+               gmtime_r(&time->sec, &tm);
+       }
+       return strftime(buf, sizeof(buf), DATE_FORMAT, &tm) ? buf : NULL;
+}
+
+
+#define AUTHOR_VALUES \
+       AUTHOR_(NO), \
+       AUTHOR_(FULL), \
+       AUTHOR_(ABBREVIATED)
+
+enum author {
+#define AUTHOR_(name) AUTHOR_##name
+       AUTHOR_VALUES,
+#undef AUTHOR_
+       AUTHOR_DEFAULT = AUTHOR_FULL
+};
+
+static const struct enum_map author_map[] = {
+#define AUTHOR_(name) ENUM_MAP(#name, AUTHOR_##name)
+       AUTHOR_VALUES
+#undef AUTHOR_
+};
+
+static const char *
+get_author_initials(const char *author)
+{
+       static char initials[AUTHOR_COLS * 6 + 1];
+       size_t pos = 0;
+       const char *end = strchr(author, '\0');
+
+#define is_initial_sep(c) (isspace(c) || ispunct(c) || (c) == '@' || (c) == '-')
+
+       memset(initials, 0, sizeof(initials));
+       while (author < end) {
+               unsigned char bytes;
+               size_t i;
+
+               while (is_initial_sep(*author))
+                       author++;
+
+               bytes = utf8_char_length(author, end);
+               if (bytes < sizeof(initials) - 1 - pos) {
+                       while (bytes--) {
+                               initials[pos++] = *author++;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               for (i = pos; author < end && !is_initial_sep(*author); author++) {
+                       if (i < sizeof(initials) - 1)
+                               initials[i++] = *author;
+               }
+
+               initials[i++] = 0;
+       }
+
+       return initials;
+}
+
+
 static bool
 argv_from_string(const char *argv[SIZEOF_ARG], int *argc, char *cmd)
 {
@@ -327,7 +662,7 @@ argv_from_string(const char *argv[SIZEOF_ARG], int *argc, char *cmd)
        return *argc < SIZEOF_ARG;
 }
 
-static void
+static bool
 argv_from_env(const char **argv, const char *name)
 {
        char *env = argv ? getenv(name) : NULL;
@@ -335,8 +670,67 @@ argv_from_env(const char **argv, const char *name)
 
        if (env && *env)
                env = strdup(env);
-       if (env && !argv_from_string(argv, &argc, env))
-               die("Too many arguments in the `%s` environment variable", name);
+       return !env || argv_from_string(argv, &argc, env);
+}
+
+static void
+argv_free(const char *argv[])
+{
+       int argc;
+
+       if (!argv)
+               return;
+       for (argc = 0; argv[argc]; argc++)
+               free((void *) argv[argc]);
+       argv[0] = NULL;
+}
+
+static size_t
+argv_size(const char **argv)
+{
+       int argc = 0;
+
+       while (argv && argv[argc])
+               argc++;
+
+       return argc;
+}
+
+DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(argv_realloc, const char *, SIZEOF_ARG)
+
+static bool
+argv_append(const char ***argv, const char *arg)
+{
+       size_t argc = argv_size(*argv);
+
+       if (!argv_realloc(argv, argc, 2))
+               return FALSE;
+
+       (*argv)[argc++] = strdup(arg);
+       (*argv)[argc] = NULL;
+       return TRUE;
+}
+
+static bool
+argv_append_array(const char ***dst_argv, const char *src_argv[])
+{
+       int i;
+
+       for (i = 0; src_argv && src_argv[i]; i++)
+               if (!argv_append(dst_argv, src_argv[i]))
+                       return FALSE;
+       return TRUE;
+}
+
+static bool
+argv_copy(const char ***dst, const char *src[])
+{
+       int argc;
+
+       for (argc = 0; src[argc]; argc++)
+               if (!argv_append(dst, src[argc]))
+                       return FALSE;
+       return TRUE;
 }
 
 
@@ -354,12 +748,9 @@ enum io_type {
 };
 
 struct io {
-       enum io_type type;      /* The requested type of pipe. */
-       const char *dir;        /* Directory from which to execute. */
-       pid_t pid;              /* Pipe for reading or writing. */
        int pipe;               /* Pipe end for reading or writing. */
+       pid_t pid;              /* PID of spawned process. */
        int error;              /* Error status. */
-       const char *argv[SIZEOF_ARG];   /* Shell command arguments. */
        char *buf;              /* Read buffer. */
        size_t bufalloc;        /* Allocated buffer size. */
        size_t bufsize;         /* Buffer content size. */
@@ -368,36 +759,29 @@ struct io {
 };
 
 static void
-reset_io(struct io *io)
+io_init(struct io *io)
 {
+       memset(io, 0, sizeof(*io));
        io->pipe = -1;
-       io->pid = 0;
-       io->buf = io->bufpos = NULL;
-       io->bufalloc = io->bufsize = 0;
-       io->error = 0;
-       io->eof = 0;
-}
-
-static void
-init_io(struct io *io, const char *dir, enum io_type type)
-{
-       reset_io(io);
-       io->type = type;
-       io->dir = dir;
 }
 
 static bool
-init_io_rd(struct io *io, const char *argv[], const char *dir,
-               enum format_flags flags)
+io_open(struct io *io, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
-       init_io(io, dir, IO_RD);
-       return format_argv(io->argv, argv, flags);
-}
+       char name[SIZEOF_STR] = "";
+       bool fits;
+       va_list args;
 
-static bool
-io_open(struct io *io, const char *name)
-{
-       init_io(io, NULL, IO_FD);
+       io_init(io);
+
+       va_start(args, fmt);
+       fits = vsnprintf(name, sizeof(name), fmt, args) < sizeof(name);
+       va_end(args);
+
+       if (!fits) {
+               io->error = ENAMETOOLONG;
+               return FALSE;
+       }
        io->pipe = *name ? open(name, O_RDONLY) : STDIN_FILENO;
        if (io->pipe == -1)
                io->error = errno;
@@ -405,20 +789,20 @@ io_open(struct io *io, const char *name)
 }
 
 static bool
-kill_io(struct io *io)
+io_kill(struct io *io)
 {
        return io->pid == 0 || kill(io->pid, SIGKILL) != -1;
 }
 
 static bool
-done_io(struct io *io)
+io_done(struct io *io)
 {
        pid_t pid = io->pid;
 
        if (io->pipe != -1)
                close(io->pipe);
        free(io->buf);
-       reset_io(io);
+       io_init(io);
 
        while (pid > 0) {
                int status;
@@ -427,7 +811,7 @@ done_io(struct io *io)
                if (waiting < 0) {
                        if (errno == EINTR)
                                continue;
-                       report("waitpid failed (%s)", strerror(errno));
+                       io->error = errno;
                        return FALSE;
                }
 
@@ -441,32 +825,37 @@ done_io(struct io *io)
 }
 
 static bool
-start_io(struct io *io)
+io_run(struct io *io, enum io_type type, const char *dir, const char *argv[], ...)
 {
        int pipefds[2] = { -1, -1 };
+       va_list args;
 
-       if (io->type == IO_FD)
-               return TRUE;
+       io_init(io);
 
-       if ((io->type == IO_RD || io->type == IO_WR) &&
-           pipe(pipefds) < 0)
+       if ((type == IO_RD || type == IO_WR) && pipe(pipefds) < 0) {
+               io->error = errno;
                return FALSE;
-       else if (io->type == IO_AP)
-               pipefds[1] = io->pipe;
+       } else if (type == IO_AP) {
+               va_start(args, argv);
+               pipefds[1] = va_arg(args, int);
+               va_end(args);
+       }
 
        if ((io->pid = fork())) {
-               if (pipefds[!(io->type == IO_WR)] != -1)
-                       close(pipefds[!(io->type == IO_WR)]);
+               if (io->pid == -1)
+                       io->error = errno;
+               if (pipefds[!(type == IO_WR)] != -1)
+                       close(pipefds[!(type == IO_WR)]);
                if (io->pid != -1) {
-                       io->pipe = pipefds[!!(io->type == IO_WR)];
+                       io->pipe = pipefds[!!(type == IO_WR)];
                        return TRUE;
                }
 
        } else {
-               if (io->type != IO_FG) {
+               if (type != IO_FG) {
                        int devnull = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR);
-                       int readfd  = io->type == IO_WR ? pipefds[0] : devnull;
-                       int writefd = (io->type == IO_RD || io->type == IO_AP)
+                       int readfd  = type == IO_WR ? pipefds[0] : devnull;
+                       int writefd = (type == IO_RD || type == IO_AP)
                                                        ? pipefds[1] : devnull;
 
                        dup2(readfd,  STDIN_FILENO);
@@ -480,72 +869,42 @@ start_io(struct io *io)
                                close(pipefds[1]);
                }
 
-               if (io->dir && *io->dir && chdir(io->dir) == -1)
-                       die("Failed to change directory: %s", strerror(errno));
+               if (dir && *dir && chdir(dir) == -1)
+                       exit(errno);
 
-               execvp(io->argv[0], (char *const*) io->argv);
-               die("Failed to execute program: %s", strerror(errno));
+               execvp(argv[0], (char *const*) argv);
+               exit(errno);
        }
 
-       if (pipefds[!!(io->type == IO_WR)] != -1)
-               close(pipefds[!!(io->type == IO_WR)]);
+       if (pipefds[!!(type == IO_WR)] != -1)
+               close(pipefds[!!(type == IO_WR)]);
        return FALSE;
 }
 
 static bool
-run_io(struct io *io, const char **argv, const char *dir, enum io_type type)
-{
-       init_io(io, dir, type);
-       if (!format_argv(io->argv, argv, FORMAT_NONE))
-               return FALSE;
-       return start_io(io);
-}
-
-static int
-run_io_do(struct io *io)
-{
-       return start_io(io) && done_io(io);
-}
-
-static int
-run_io_bg(const char **argv)
+io_complete(enum io_type type, const char **argv, const char *dir, int fd)
 {
-       struct io io = {};
+       struct io io;
 
-       init_io(&io, NULL, IO_BG);
-       if (!format_argv(io.argv, argv, FORMAT_NONE))
-               return FALSE;
-       return run_io_do(&io);
+       return io_run(&io, type, dir, argv, fd) && io_done(&io);
 }
 
 static bool
-run_io_fg(const char **argv, const char *dir)
+io_run_bg(const char **argv)
 {
-       struct io io = {};
-
-       init_io(&io, dir, IO_FG);
-       if (!format_argv(io.argv, argv, FORMAT_NONE))
-               return FALSE;
-       return run_io_do(&io);
+       return io_complete(IO_BG, argv, NULL, -1);
 }
 
 static bool
-run_io_append(const char **argv, enum format_flags flags, int fd)
+io_run_fg(const char **argv, const char *dir)
 {
-       struct io io = {};
-
-       init_io(&io, NULL, IO_AP);
-       io.pipe = fd;
-       if (format_argv(io.argv, argv, flags))
-               return run_io_do(&io);
-       close(fd);
-       return FALSE;
+       return io_complete(IO_FG, argv, dir, -1);
 }
 
 static bool
-run_io_rd(struct io *io, const char **argv, enum format_flags flags)
+io_run_append(const char **argv, int fd)
 {
-       return init_io_rd(io, argv, NULL, flags) && start_io(io);
+       return io_complete(IO_AP, argv, NULL, fd);
 }
 
 static bool
@@ -594,20 +953,14 @@ io_read(struct io *io, void *buf, size_t bufsize)
        } while (1);
 }
 
+DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(io_realloc_buf, char, BUFSIZ)
+
 static char *
 io_get(struct io *io, int c, bool can_read)
 {
        char *eol;
        ssize_t readsize;
 
-       if (!io->buf) {
-               io->buf = io->bufpos = malloc(BUFSIZ);
-               if (!io->buf)
-                       return NULL;
-               io->bufalloc = BUFSIZ;
-               io->bufsize = 0;
-       }
-
        while (TRUE) {
                if (io->bufsize > 0) {
                        eol = memchr(io->bufpos, c, io->bufsize);
@@ -636,6 +989,12 @@ io_get(struct io *io, int c, bool can_read)
                if (io->bufsize > 0 && io->bufpos > io->buf)
                        memmove(io->buf, io->bufpos, io->bufsize);
 
+               if (io->bufalloc == io->bufsize) {
+                       if (!io_realloc_buf(&io->buf, io->bufalloc, BUFSIZ))
+                               return NULL;
+                       io->bufalloc += BUFSIZ;
+               }
+
                io->bufpos = io->buf;
                readsize = io_read(io, io->buf + io->bufsize, io->bufalloc - io->bufsize);
                if (io_error(io))
@@ -667,34 +1026,33 @@ io_write(struct io *io, const void *buf, size_t bufsize)
 static bool
 io_read_buf(struct io *io, char buf[], size_t bufsize)
 {
-       bool error;
+       char *result = io_get(io, '\n', TRUE);
 
-       io->buf = io->bufpos = buf;
-       io->bufalloc = bufsize;
-       error = !io_get(io, '\n', TRUE) && io_error(io);
-       io->buf = NULL;
+       if (result) {
+               result = chomp_string(result);
+               string_ncopy_do(buf, bufsize, result, strlen(result));
+       }
 
-       return done_io(io) || error;
+       return io_done(io) && result;
 }
 
 static bool
-run_io_buf(const char **argv, char buf[], size_t bufsize)
+io_run_buf(const char **argv, char buf[], size_t bufsize)
 {
-       struct io io = {};
+       struct io io;
 
-       return run_io_rd(&io, argv, FORMAT_NONE) && io_read_buf(&io, buf, bufsize);
+       return io_run(&io, IO_RD, NULL, argv) && io_read_buf(&io, buf, bufsize);
 }
 
+typedef int (*io_read_fn)(char *, size_t, char *, size_t, void *data);
+
 static int
 io_load(struct io *io, const char *separators,
-       int (*read_property)(char *, size_t, char *, size_t))
+       io_read_fn read_property, void *data)
 {
        char *name;
        int state = OK;
 
-       if (!start_io(io))
-               return ERR;
-
        while (state == OK && (name = io_get(io, '\n', TRUE))) {
                char *value;
                size_t namelen;
@@ -713,24 +1071,25 @@ io_load(struct io *io, const char *separators,
                        valuelen = 0;
                }
 
-               state = read_property(name, namelen, value, valuelen);
+               state = read_property(name, namelen, value, valuelen, data);
        }
 
        if (state != ERR && io_error(io))
                state = ERR;
-       done_io(io);
+       io_done(io);
 
        return state;
 }
 
 static int
-run_io_load(const char **argv, const char *separators,
-           int (*read_property)(char *, size_t, char *, size_t))
+io_run_load(const char **argv, const char *separators,
+           io_read_fn read_property, void *data)
 {
-       struct io io = {};
+       struct io io;
 
-       return init_io_rd(&io, argv, NULL, FORMAT_NONE)
-               ? io_load(&io, separators, read_property) : ERR;
+       if (!io_run(&io, IO_RD, NULL, argv))
+               return ERR;
+       return io_load(&io, separators, read_property, data);
 }
 
 
@@ -747,6 +1106,7 @@ run_io_load(const char **argv, const char *separators,
        REQ_(VIEW_TREE,         "Show tree view"), \
        REQ_(VIEW_BLOB,         "Show blob view"), \
        REQ_(VIEW_BLAME,        "Show blame view"), \
+       REQ_(VIEW_BRANCH,       "Show branch view"), \
        REQ_(VIEW_HELP,         "Show help page"), \
        REQ_(VIEW_PAGER,        "Show pager view"), \
        REQ_(VIEW_STATUS,       "Show status view"), \
@@ -778,6 +1138,7 @@ run_io_load(const char **argv, const char *separators,
        REQ_(MOVE_LAST_LINE,    "Move cursor to last line"), \
        \
        REQ_GROUP("Scrolling") \
+       REQ_(SCROLL_FIRST_COL,  "Scroll to the first line columns"), \
        REQ_(SCROLL_LEFT,       "Scroll two columns left"), \
        REQ_(SCROLL_RIGHT,      "Scroll two columns right"), \
        REQ_(SCROLL_LINE_UP,    "Scroll one line up"), \
@@ -792,11 +1153,14 @@ run_io_load(const char **argv, const char *separators,
        REQ_(FIND_PREV,         "Find previous search match"), \
        \
        REQ_GROUP("Option manipulation") \
+       REQ_(OPTIONS,           "Open option menu"), \
        REQ_(TOGGLE_LINENO,     "Toggle line numbers"), \
        REQ_(TOGGLE_DATE,       "Toggle date display"), \
        REQ_(TOGGLE_AUTHOR,     "Toggle author display"), \
        REQ_(TOGGLE_REV_GRAPH,  "Toggle revision graph visualization"), \
        REQ_(TOGGLE_REFS,       "Toggle reference display (tags/branches)"), \
+       REQ_(TOGGLE_SORT_ORDER, "Toggle ascending/descending sort order"), \
+       REQ_(TOGGLE_SORT_FIELD, "Toggle field to sort by"), \
        \
        REQ_GROUP("Misc") \
        REQ_(PROMPT,            "Bring up the prompt"), \
@@ -813,7 +1177,8 @@ enum request {
 #define REQ_(req, help) REQ_##req
 
        /* Offset all requests to avoid conflicts with ncurses getch values. */
-       REQ_OFFSET = KEY_MAX + 1,
+       REQ_UNKNOWN = KEY_MAX + 1,
+       REQ_OFFSET,
        REQ_INFO
 
 #undef REQ_GROUP
@@ -842,11 +1207,10 @@ get_request(const char *name)
        int i;
 
        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(req_info); i++)
-               if (req_info[i].namelen == namelen &&
-                   !string_enum_compare(req_info[i].name, name, namelen))
+               if (enum_equals(req_info[i], name, namelen))
                        return req_info[i].request;
 
-       return REQ_NONE;
+       return REQ_UNKNOWN;
 }
 
 
@@ -855,26 +1219,26 @@ get_request(const char *name)
  */
 
 /* Option and state variables. */
-static bool opt_date                   = TRUE;
-static bool opt_author                 = TRUE;
+static enum date opt_date              = DATE_DEFAULT;
+static enum author opt_author          = AUTHOR_DEFAULT;
 static bool opt_line_number            = FALSE;
 static bool opt_line_graphics          = TRUE;
 static bool opt_rev_graph              = FALSE;
 static bool opt_show_refs              = TRUE;
-static int opt_num_interval            = NUMBER_INTERVAL;
+static bool opt_untracked_dirs_content = TRUE;
+static int opt_num_interval            = 5;
 static double opt_hscroll              = 0.50;
-static int opt_tab_size                        = TAB_SIZE;
-static int opt_author_cols             = AUTHOR_COLS-1;
+static double opt_scale_split_view     = 2.0 / 3.0;
+static int opt_tab_size                        = 8;
+static int opt_author_cols             = AUTHOR_COLS;
 static char opt_path[SIZEOF_STR]       = "";
 static char opt_file[SIZEOF_STR]       = "";
 static char opt_ref[SIZEOF_REF]                = "";
 static char opt_head[SIZEOF_REF]       = "";
-static char opt_head_rev[SIZEOF_REV]   = "";
 static char opt_remote[SIZEOF_REF]     = "";
 static char opt_encoding[20]           = "UTF-8";
-static bool opt_utf8                   = TRUE;
-static char opt_codeset[20]            = "UTF-8";
-static iconv_t opt_iconv               = ICONV_NONE;
+static iconv_t opt_iconv_in            = ICONV_NONE;
+static iconv_t opt_iconv_out           = ICONV_NONE;
 static char opt_search[SIZEOF_STR]     = "";
 static char opt_cdup[SIZEOF_STR]       = "";
 static char opt_prefix[SIZEOF_STR]     = "";
@@ -882,9 +1246,12 @@ static char opt_git_dir[SIZEOF_STR]       = "";
 static signed char opt_is_inside_work_tree     = -1; /* set to TRUE or FALSE */
 static char opt_editor[SIZEOF_STR]     = "";
 static FILE *opt_tty                   = NULL;
+static const char **opt_diff_argv      = NULL;
+static const char **opt_rev_argv       = NULL;
+static const char **opt_file_argv      = NULL;
 
-#define is_initial_commit()    (!*opt_head_rev)
-#define is_head_commit(rev)    (!strcmp((rev), "HEAD") || !strcmp(opt_head_rev, (rev)))
+#define is_initial_commit()    (!get_ref_head())
+#define is_head_commit(rev)    (!strcmp((rev), "HEAD") || (get_ref_head() && !strcmp(rev, get_ref_head()->id)))
 
 
 /*
@@ -920,6 +1287,8 @@ LINE(AUTHOR,          "author ",           COLOR_GREEN,    COLOR_DEFAULT,  0), \
 LINE(COMMITTER,           "committer ",        COLOR_MAGENTA,  COLOR_DEFAULT,  0), \
 LINE(SIGNOFF,     "    Signed-off-by", COLOR_YELLOW,   COLOR_DEFAULT,  0), \
 LINE(ACKED,       "    Acked-by",      COLOR_YELLOW,   COLOR_DEFAULT,  0), \
+LINE(TESTED,      "    Tested-by",     COLOR_YELLOW,   COLOR_DEFAULT,  0), \
+LINE(REVIEWED,    "    Reviewed-by",   COLOR_YELLOW,   COLOR_DEFAULT,  0), \
 LINE(DEFAULT,     "",                  COLOR_DEFAULT,  COLOR_DEFAULT,  A_NORMAL), \
 LINE(CURSOR,      "",                  COLOR_WHITE,    COLOR_GREEN,    A_BOLD), \
 LINE(STATUS,      "",                  COLOR_GREEN,    COLOR_DEFAULT,  0), \
@@ -946,6 +1315,8 @@ LINE(STAT_NONE,    "",                     COLOR_DEFAULT,  COLOR_DEFAULT,  0), \
 LINE(STAT_STAGED,  "",                 COLOR_MAGENTA,  COLOR_DEFAULT,  0), \
 LINE(STAT_UNSTAGED,"",                 COLOR_MAGENTA,  COLOR_DEFAULT,  0), \
 LINE(STAT_UNTRACKED,"",                        COLOR_MAGENTA,  COLOR_DEFAULT,  0), \
+LINE(HELP_KEYMAP,  "",                 COLOR_CYAN,     COLOR_DEFAULT,  0), \
+LINE(HELP_GROUP,   "",                 COLOR_BLUE,     COLOR_DEFAULT,  0), \
 LINE(BLAME_ID,     "",                 COLOR_MAGENTA,  COLOR_DEFAULT,  0)
 
 enum line_type {
@@ -1000,8 +1371,7 @@ get_line_info(const char *name)
        enum line_type type;
 
        for (type = 0; type < ARRAY_SIZE(line_info); type++)
-               if (namelen == line_info[type].namelen &&
-                   !string_enum_compare(line_info[type].name, name, namelen))
+               if (enum_equals(line_info[type], name, namelen))
                        return &line_info[type];
 
        return NULL;
@@ -1037,6 +1407,7 @@ struct line {
        unsigned int selected:1;
        unsigned int dirty:1;
        unsigned int cleareol:1;
+       unsigned int other:16;
 
        void *data;             /* User data */
 };
@@ -1051,7 +1422,7 @@ struct keybinding {
        enum request request;
 };
 
-static const struct keybinding default_keybindings[] = {
+static struct keybinding default_keybindings[] = {
        /* View switching */
        { 'm',          REQ_VIEW_MAIN },
        { 'd',          REQ_VIEW_DIFF },
@@ -1059,6 +1430,7 @@ static const struct keybinding default_keybindings[] = {
        { 't',          REQ_VIEW_TREE },
        { 'f',          REQ_VIEW_BLOB },
        { 'B',          REQ_VIEW_BLAME },
+       { 'H',          REQ_VIEW_BRANCH },
        { 'p',          REQ_VIEW_PAGER },
        { 'h',          REQ_VIEW_HELP },
        { 'S',          REQ_VIEW_STATUS },
@@ -1069,7 +1441,9 @@ static const struct keybinding default_keybindings[] = {
        { KEY_TAB,      REQ_VIEW_NEXT },
        { KEY_RETURN,   REQ_ENTER },
        { KEY_UP,       REQ_PREVIOUS },
+       { KEY_CTL('P'), REQ_PREVIOUS },
        { KEY_DOWN,     REQ_NEXT },
+       { KEY_CTL('N'), REQ_NEXT },
        { 'R',          REQ_REFRESH },
        { KEY_F(5),     REQ_REFRESH },
        { 'O',          REQ_MAXIMIZE },
@@ -1080,16 +1454,21 @@ static const struct keybinding default_keybindings[] = {
        { KEY_HOME,     REQ_MOVE_FIRST_LINE },
        { KEY_END,      REQ_MOVE_LAST_LINE },
        { KEY_NPAGE,    REQ_MOVE_PAGE_DOWN },
+       { KEY_CTL('D'), REQ_MOVE_PAGE_DOWN },
        { ' ',          REQ_MOVE_PAGE_DOWN },
        { KEY_PPAGE,    REQ_MOVE_PAGE_UP },
+       { KEY_CTL('U'), REQ_MOVE_PAGE_UP },
        { 'b',          REQ_MOVE_PAGE_UP },
        { '-',          REQ_MOVE_PAGE_UP },
 
        /* Scrolling */
+       { '|',          REQ_SCROLL_FIRST_COL },
        { KEY_LEFT,     REQ_SCROLL_LEFT },
        { KEY_RIGHT,    REQ_SCROLL_RIGHT },
        { KEY_IC,       REQ_SCROLL_LINE_UP },
+       { KEY_CTL('Y'), REQ_SCROLL_LINE_UP },
        { KEY_DC,       REQ_SCROLL_LINE_DOWN },
+       { KEY_CTL('E'), REQ_SCROLL_LINE_DOWN },
        { 'w',          REQ_SCROLL_PAGE_UP },
        { 's',          REQ_SCROLL_PAGE_DOWN },
 
@@ -1104,11 +1483,15 @@ static const struct keybinding default_keybindings[] = {
        { 'z',          REQ_STOP_LOADING },
        { 'v',          REQ_SHOW_VERSION },
        { 'r',          REQ_SCREEN_REDRAW },
+       { KEY_CTL('L'), REQ_SCREEN_REDRAW },
+       { 'o',          REQ_OPTIONS },
        { '.',          REQ_TOGGLE_LINENO },
        { 'D',          REQ_TOGGLE_DATE },
        { 'A',          REQ_TOGGLE_AUTHOR },
        { 'g',          REQ_TOGGLE_REV_GRAPH },
        { 'F',          REQ_TOGGLE_REFS },
+       { 'I',          REQ_TOGGLE_SORT_ORDER },
+       { 'i',          REQ_TOGGLE_SORT_FIELD },
        { ':',          REQ_PROMPT },
        { 'u',          REQ_STATUS_UPDATE },
        { '!',          REQ_STATUS_REVERT },
@@ -1126,6 +1509,7 @@ static const struct keybinding default_keybindings[] = {
        KEYMAP_(TREE), \
        KEYMAP_(BLOB), \
        KEYMAP_(BLAME), \
+       KEYMAP_(BRANCH), \
        KEYMAP_(PAGER), \
        KEYMAP_(HELP), \
        KEYMAP_(STATUS), \
@@ -1156,12 +1540,28 @@ static void
 add_keybinding(enum keymap keymap, enum request request, int key)
 {
        struct keybinding_table *table = &keybindings[keymap];
+       size_t i;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < keybindings[keymap].size; i++) {
+               if (keybindings[keymap].data[i].alias == key) {
+                       keybindings[keymap].data[i].request = request;
+                       return;
+               }
+       }
 
        table->data = realloc(table->data, (table->size + 1) * sizeof(*table->data));
        if (!table->data)
                die("Failed to allocate keybinding");
        table->data[table->size].alias = key;
        table->data[table->size++].request = request;
+
+       if (request == REQ_NONE && keymap == KEYMAP_GENERIC) {
+               int i;
+
+               for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(default_keybindings); i++)
+                       if (default_keybindings[i].alias == key)
+                               default_keybindings[i].request = REQ_NONE;
+       }
 }
 
 /* Looks for a key binding first in the given map, then in the generic map, and
@@ -1232,16 +1632,17 @@ get_key_value(const char *name)
                if (!strcasecmp(key_table[i].name, name))
                        return key_table[i].value;
 
+       if (strlen(name) == 2 && name[0] == '^' && isprint(*name))
+               return (int)name[1] & 0x1f;
        if (strlen(name) == 1 && isprint(*name))
                return (int) *name;
-
        return ERR;
 }
 
 static const char *
 get_key_name(int key_value)
 {
-       static char key_char[] = "'X'";
+       static char key_char[] = "'X'\0";
        const char *seq = NULL;
        int key;
 
@@ -1249,36 +1650,85 @@ get_key_name(int key_value)
                if (key_table[key].value == key_value)
                        seq = key_table[key].name;
 
-       if (seq == NULL &&
-           key_value < 127 &&
-           isprint(key_value)) {
-               key_char[1] = (char) key_value;
+       if (seq == NULL && key_value < 0x7f) {
+               char *s = key_char + 1;
+
+               if (key_value >= 0x20) {
+                       *s++ = key_value;
+               } else {
+                       *s++ = '^';
+                       *s++ = 0x40 | (key_value & 0x1f);
+               }
+               *s++ = '\'';
+               *s++ = '\0';
                seq = key_char;
        }
 
        return seq ? seq : "(no key)";
 }
 
+static bool
+append_key(char *buf, size_t *pos, const struct keybinding *keybinding)
+{
+       const char *sep = *pos > 0 ? ", " : "";
+       const char *keyname = get_key_name(keybinding->alias);
+
+       return string_nformat(buf, BUFSIZ, pos, "%s%s", sep, keyname);
+}
+
+static bool
+append_keymap_request_keys(char *buf, size_t *pos, enum request request,
+                          enum keymap keymap, bool all)
+{
+       int i;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < keybindings[keymap].size; i++) {
+               if (keybindings[keymap].data[i].request == request) {
+                       if (!append_key(buf, pos, &keybindings[keymap].data[i]))
+                               return FALSE;
+                       if (!all)
+                               break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       return TRUE;
+}
+
+#define get_key(keymap, request) get_keys(keymap, request, FALSE)
+
 static const char *
-get_key(enum request request)
+get_keys(enum keymap keymap, enum request request, bool all)
 {
        static char buf[BUFSIZ];
        size_t pos = 0;
-       char *sep = "";
        int i;
 
        buf[pos] = 0;
 
-       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(default_keybindings); i++) {
-               const struct keybinding *keybinding = &default_keybindings[i];
+       if (!append_keymap_request_keys(buf, &pos, request, keymap, all))
+               return "Too many keybindings!";
+       if (pos > 0 && !all)
+               return buf;
 
-               if (keybinding->request != request)
-                       continue;
+       if (keymap != KEYMAP_GENERIC) {
+               /* Only the generic keymap includes the default keybindings when
+                * listing all keys. */
+               if (all)
+                       return buf;
 
-               if (!string_format_from(buf, &pos, "%s%s", sep,
-                                       get_key_name(keybinding->alias)))
+               if (!append_keymap_request_keys(buf, &pos, request, KEYMAP_GENERIC, all))
                        return "Too many keybindings!";
-               sep = ", ";
+               if (pos)
+                       return buf;
+       }
+
+       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(default_keybindings); i++) {
+               if (default_keybindings[i].request == request) {
+                       if (!append_key(buf, &pos, &default_keybindings[i]))
+                               return "Too many keybindings!";
+                       if (!all)
+                               return buf;
+               }
        }
 
        return buf;
@@ -1287,31 +1737,28 @@ get_key(enum request request)
 struct run_request {
        enum keymap keymap;
        int key;
-       const char *argv[SIZEOF_ARG];
+       const char **argv;
 };
 
 static struct run_request *run_request;
 static size_t run_requests;
 
+DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(realloc_run_requests, struct run_request, 8)
+
 static enum request
-add_run_request(enum keymap keymap, int key, int argc, const char **argv)
+add_run_request(enum keymap keymap, int key, const char **argv)
 {
        struct run_request *req;
 
-       if (argc >= ARRAY_SIZE(req->argv) - 1)
+       if (!realloc_run_requests(&run_request, run_requests, 1))
                return REQ_NONE;
 
-       req = realloc(run_request, (run_requests + 1) * sizeof(*run_request));
-       if (!req)
-               return REQ_NONE;
-
-       run_request = req;
        req = &run_request[run_requests];
        req->keymap = keymap;
        req->key = key;
-       req->argv[0] = NULL;
+       req->argv = NULL;
 
-       if (!format_argv(req->argv, argv, FORMAT_NONE))
+       if (!argv_copy(&req->argv, argv))
                return REQ_NONE;
 
        return REQ_NONE + ++run_requests;
@@ -1329,22 +1776,23 @@ static void
 add_builtin_run_requests(void)
 {
        const char *cherry_pick[] = { "git", "cherry-pick", "%(commit)", NULL };
+       const char *checkout[] = { "git", "checkout", "%(branch)", NULL };
+       const char *commit[] = { "git", "commit", NULL };
        const char *gc[] = { "git", "gc", NULL };
-       struct {
-               enum keymap keymap;
-               int key;
-               int argc;
-               const char **argv;
-       } reqs[] = {
-               { KEYMAP_MAIN,    'C', ARRAY_SIZE(cherry_pick) - 1, cherry_pick },
-               { KEYMAP_GENERIC, 'G', ARRAY_SIZE(gc) - 1, gc },
+       struct run_request reqs[] = {
+               { KEYMAP_MAIN,    'C', cherry_pick },
+               { KEYMAP_STATUS,  'C', commit },
+               { KEYMAP_BRANCH,  'C', checkout },
+               { KEYMAP_GENERIC, 'G', gc },
        };
        int i;
 
        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(reqs); i++) {
-               enum request req;
+               enum request req = get_keybinding(reqs[i].keymap, reqs[i].key);
 
-               req = add_run_request(reqs[i].keymap, reqs[i].key, reqs[i].argc, reqs[i].argv);
+               if (req != reqs[i].key)
+                       continue;
+               req = add_run_request(reqs[i].keymap, reqs[i].key, reqs[i].argv);
                if (req != REQ_NONE)
                        add_keybinding(reqs[i].keymap, req, reqs[i].key);
        }
@@ -1354,9 +1802,36 @@ add_builtin_run_requests(void)
  * User config file handling.
  */
 
-static int   config_lineno;
-static bool  config_errors;
-static const char *config_msg;
+#define OPT_ERR_INFO \
+       OPT_ERR_(INTEGER_VALUE_OUT_OF_BOUND, "Integer value out of bound"), \
+       OPT_ERR_(INVALID_STEP_VALUE, "Invalid step value"), \
+       OPT_ERR_(NO_OPTION_VALUE, "No option value"), \
+       OPT_ERR_(NO_VALUE_ASSIGNED, "No value assigned"), \
+       OPT_ERR_(OBSOLETE_REQUEST_NAME, "Obsolete request name"), \
+       OPT_ERR_(TOO_MANY_OPTION_ARGUMENTS, "Too many option arguments"), \
+       OPT_ERR_(UNKNOWN_ATTRIBUTE, "Unknown attribute"), \
+       OPT_ERR_(UNKNOWN_COLOR, "Unknown color"), \
+       OPT_ERR_(UNKNOWN_COLOR_NAME, "Unknown color name"), \
+       OPT_ERR_(UNKNOWN_KEY, "Unknown key"), \
+       OPT_ERR_(UNKNOWN_KEY_MAP, "Unknown key map"), \
+       OPT_ERR_(UNKNOWN_OPTION_COMMAND, "Unknown option command"), \
+       OPT_ERR_(UNKNOWN_REQUEST_NAME, "Unknown request name"), \
+       OPT_ERR_(UNKNOWN_VARIABLE_NAME, "Unknown variable name"), \
+       OPT_ERR_(UNMATCHED_QUOTATION, "Unmatched quotation"), \
+       OPT_ERR_(WRONG_NUMBER_OF_ARGUMENTS, "Wrong number of arguments"),
+
+enum option_code {
+#define OPT_ERR_(name, msg) OPT_ERR_ ## name
+       OPT_ERR_INFO
+#undef OPT_ERR_
+       OPT_OK
+};
+
+static const char *option_errors[] = {
+#define OPT_ERR_(name, msg) msg
+       OPT_ERR_INFO
+#undef OPT_ERR_
+};
 
 static const struct enum_map color_map[] = {
 #define COLOR_MAP(name) ENUM_MAP(#name, COLOR_##name)
@@ -1384,39 +1859,37 @@ static const struct enum_map attr_map[] = {
 
 #define set_attribute(attr, name)      map_enum(attr, attr_map, name)
 
-static int parse_step(double *opt, const char *arg)
+static enum option_code
+parse_step(double *opt, const char *arg)
 {
        *opt = atoi(arg);
        if (!strchr(arg, '%'))
-               return OK;
+               return OPT_OK;
 
        /* "Shift down" so 100% and 1 does not conflict. */
        *opt = (*opt - 1) / 100;
        if (*opt >= 1.0) {
                *opt = 0.99;
-               config_msg = "Step value larger than 100%";
-               return ERR;
+               return OPT_ERR_INVALID_STEP_VALUE;
        }
        if (*opt < 0.0) {
                *opt = 1;
-               config_msg = "Invalid step value";
-               return ERR;
+               return OPT_ERR_INVALID_STEP_VALUE;
        }
-       return OK;
+       return OPT_OK;
 }
 
-static int
+static enum option_code
 parse_int(int *opt, const char *arg, int min, int max)
 {
        int value = atoi(arg);
 
        if (min <= value && value <= max) {
                *opt = value;
-               return OK;
+               return OPT_OK;
        }
 
-       config_msg = "Integer value out of bound";
-       return ERR;
+       return OPT_ERR_INTEGER_VALUE_OUT_OF_BOUND;
 }
 
 static bool
@@ -1430,15 +1903,13 @@ set_color(int *color, const char *name)
 }
 
 /* Wants: object fgcolor bgcolor [attribute] */
-static int
+static enum option_code
 option_color_command(int argc, const char *argv[])
 {
        struct line_info *info;
 
-       if (argc != 3 && argc != 4) {
-               config_msg = "Wrong number of arguments given to color command";
-               return ERR;
-       }
+       if (argc < 3)
+               return OPT_ERR_WRONG_NUMBER_OF_ARGUMENTS;
 
        info = get_line_info(argv[0]);
        if (!info) {
@@ -1450,34 +1921,57 @@ option_color_command(int argc, const char *argv[])
                int index;
 
                if (!map_enum(&index, obsolete, argv[0])) {
-                       config_msg = "Unknown color name";
-                       return ERR;
+                       return OPT_ERR_UNKNOWN_COLOR_NAME;
                }
                info = &line_info[index];
        }
 
        if (!set_color(&info->fg, argv[1]) ||
            !set_color(&info->bg, argv[2])) {
-               config_msg = "Unknown color";
-               return ERR;
+               return OPT_ERR_UNKNOWN_COLOR;
        }
 
-       if (argc == 4 && !set_attribute(&info->attr, argv[3])) {
-               config_msg = "Unknown attribute";
-               return ERR;
+       info->attr = 0;
+       while (argc-- > 3) {
+               int attr;
+
+               if (!set_attribute(&attr, argv[argc])) {
+                       return OPT_ERR_UNKNOWN_ATTRIBUTE;
+               }
+               info->attr |= attr;
        }
 
-       return OK;
+       return OPT_OK;
 }
 
-static int parse_bool(bool *opt, const char *arg)
+static enum option_code
+parse_bool(bool *opt, const char *arg)
 {
        *opt = (!strcmp(arg, "1") || !strcmp(arg, "true") || !strcmp(arg, "yes"))
                ? TRUE : FALSE;
-       return OK;
+       return OPT_OK;
 }
 
-static int
+static enum option_code
+parse_enum_do(unsigned int *opt, const char *arg,
+             const struct enum_map *map, size_t map_size)
+{
+       bool is_true;
+
+       assert(map_size > 1);
+
+       if (map_enum_do(map, map_size, (int *) opt, arg))
+               return OPT_OK;
+
+       parse_bool(&is_true, arg);
+       *opt = is_true ? map[1].value : map[0].value;
+       return OPT_OK;
+}
+
+#define parse_enum(opt, arg, map) \
+       parse_enum_do(opt, arg, map, ARRAY_SIZE(map))
+
+static enum option_code
 parse_string(char *opt, const char *arg, size_t optsize)
 {
        int arglen = strlen(arg);
@@ -1485,36 +1979,30 @@ parse_string(char *opt, const char *arg, size_t optsize)
        switch (arg[0]) {
        case '\"':
        case '\'':
-               if (arglen == 1 || arg[arglen - 1] != arg[0]) {
-                       config_msg = "Unmatched quotation";
-                       return ERR;
-               }
+               if (arglen == 1 || arg[arglen - 1] != arg[0])
+                       return OPT_ERR_UNMATCHED_QUOTATION;
                arg += 1; arglen -= 2;
        default:
                string_ncopy_do(opt, optsize, arg, arglen);
-               return OK;
+               return OPT_OK;
        }
 }
 
 /* Wants: name = value */
-static int
+static enum option_code
 option_set_command(int argc, const char *argv[])
 {
-       if (argc != 3) {
-               config_msg = "Wrong number of arguments given to set command";
-               return ERR;
-       }
+       if (argc != 3)
+               return OPT_ERR_WRONG_NUMBER_OF_ARGUMENTS;
 
-       if (strcmp(argv[1], "=")) {
-               config_msg = "No value assigned";
-               return ERR;
-       }
+       if (strcmp(argv[1], "="))
+               return OPT_ERR_NO_VALUE_ASSIGNED;
 
        if (!strcmp(argv[0], "show-author"))
-               return parse_bool(&opt_author, argv[2]);
+               return parse_enum(&opt_author, argv[2], author_map);
 
        if (!strcmp(argv[0], "show-date"))
-               return parse_bool(&opt_date, argv[2]);
+               return parse_enum(&opt_date, argv[2], date_map);
 
        if (!strcmp(argv[0], "show-rev-graph"))
                return parse_bool(&opt_rev_graph, argv[2]);
@@ -1537,42 +2025,41 @@ option_set_command(int argc, const char *argv[])
        if (!strcmp(argv[0], "horizontal-scroll"))
                return parse_step(&opt_hscroll, argv[2]);
 
+       if (!strcmp(argv[0], "split-view-height"))
+               return parse_step(&opt_scale_split_view, argv[2]);
+
        if (!strcmp(argv[0], "tab-size"))
                return parse_int(&opt_tab_size, argv[2], 1, 1024);
 
        if (!strcmp(argv[0], "commit-encoding"))
                return parse_string(opt_encoding, argv[2], sizeof(opt_encoding));
 
-       config_msg = "Unknown variable name";
-       return ERR;
+       if (!strcmp(argv[0], "status-untracked-dirs"))
+               return parse_bool(&opt_untracked_dirs_content, argv[2]);
+
+       return OPT_ERR_UNKNOWN_VARIABLE_NAME;
 }
 
 /* Wants: mode request key */
-static int
+static enum option_code
 option_bind_command(int argc, const char *argv[])
 {
        enum request request;
-       int keymap;
+       int keymap = -1;
        int key;
 
-       if (argc < 3) {
-               config_msg = "Wrong number of arguments given to bind command";
-               return ERR;
-       }
+       if (argc < 3)
+               return OPT_ERR_WRONG_NUMBER_OF_ARGUMENTS;
 
-       if (set_keymap(&keymap, argv[0]) == ERR) {
-               config_msg = "Unknown key map";
-               return ERR;
-       }
+       if (!set_keymap(&keymap, argv[0]))
+               return OPT_ERR_UNKNOWN_KEY_MAP;
 
        key = get_key_value(argv[1]);
-       if (key == ERR) {
-               config_msg = "Unknown key";
-               return ERR;
-       }
+       if (key == ERR)
+               return OPT_ERR_UNKNOWN_KEY;
 
        request = get_request(argv[2]);
-       if (request == REQ_NONE) {
+       if (request == REQ_UNKNOWN) {
                static const struct enum_map obsolete[] = {
                        ENUM_MAP("cherry-pick",         REQ_NONE),
                        ENUM_MAP("screen-resize",       REQ_NONE),
@@ -1583,32 +2070,27 @@ option_bind_command(int argc, const char *argv[])
                if (map_enum(&alias, obsolete, argv[2])) {
                        if (alias != REQ_NONE)
                                add_keybinding(keymap, alias, key);
-                       config_msg = "Obsolete request name";
-                       return ERR;
+                       return OPT_ERR_OBSOLETE_REQUEST_NAME;
                }
        }
-       if (request == REQ_NONE && *argv[2]++ == '!')
-               request = add_run_request(keymap, key, argc - 2, argv + 2);
-       if (request == REQ_NONE) {
-               config_msg = "Unknown request name";
-               return ERR;
-       }
+       if (request == REQ_UNKNOWN && *argv[2]++ == '!')
+               request = add_run_request(keymap, key, argv + 2);
+       if (request == REQ_UNKNOWN)
+               return OPT_ERR_UNKNOWN_REQUEST_NAME;
 
        add_keybinding(keymap, request, key);
 
-       return OK;
+       return OPT_OK;
 }
 
-static int
+static enum option_code
 set_option(const char *opt, char *value)
 {
        const char *argv[SIZEOF_ARG];
        int argc = 0;
 
-       if (!argv_from_string(argv, &argc, value)) {
-               config_msg = "Too many option arguments";
-               return ERR;
-       }
+       if (!argv_from_string(argv, &argc, value))
+               return OPT_ERR_TOO_MANY_OPTION_ARGUMENTS;
 
        if (!strcmp(opt, "color"))
                return option_color_command(argc, argv);
@@ -1619,17 +2101,21 @@ set_option(const char *opt, char *value)
        if (!strcmp(opt, "bind"))
                return option_bind_command(argc, argv);
 
-       config_msg = "Unknown option command";
-       return ERR;
+       return OPT_ERR_UNKNOWN_OPTION_COMMAND;
 }
 
+struct config_state {
+       int lineno;
+       bool errors;
+};
+
 static int
-read_option(char *opt, size_t optlen, char *value, size_t valuelen)
+read_option(char *opt, size_t optlen, char *value, size_t valuelen, void *data)
 {
-       int status = OK;
+       struct config_state *config = data;
+       enum option_code status = OPT_ERR_NO_OPTION_VALUE;
 
-       config_lineno++;
-       config_msg = "Internal error";
+       config->lineno++;
 
        /* Check for comment markers, since read_properties() will
         * only ensure opt and value are split at first " \t". */
@@ -1637,11 +2123,7 @@ read_option(char *opt, size_t optlen, char *value, size_t valuelen)
        if (optlen == 0)
                return OK;
 
-       if (opt[optlen] != 0) {
-               config_msg = "No option value";
-               status = ERR;
-
-       }  else {
+       if (opt[optlen] == 0) {
                /* Look for comment endings in the value. */
                size_t len = strcspn(value, "#");
 
@@ -1653,10 +2135,10 @@ read_option(char *opt, size_t optlen, char *value, size_t valuelen)
                status = set_option(opt, value);
        }
 
-       if (status == ERR) {
+       if (status != OPT_OK) {
                warn("Error on line %d, near '%.*s': %s",
-                    config_lineno, (int) optlen, opt, config_msg);
-               config_errors = TRUE;
+                    config->lineno, (int) optlen, opt, option_errors[status]);
+               config->errors = TRUE;
        }
 
        /* Always keep going if errors are encountered. */
@@ -1666,17 +2148,15 @@ read_option(char *opt, size_t optlen, char *value, size_t valuelen)
 static void
 load_option_file(const char *path)
 {
-       struct io io = {};
+       struct config_state config = { 0, FALSE };
+       struct io io;
 
        /* It's OK that the file doesn't exist. */
-       if (!io_open(&io, path))
+       if (!io_open(&io, "%s", path))
                return;
 
-       config_lineno = 0;
-       config_errors = FALSE;
-
-       if (io_load(&io, " \t", read_option) == ERR ||
-           config_errors == TRUE)
+       if (io_load(&io, " \t", read_option, &config) == ERR ||
+           config.errors == TRUE)
                warn("Errors while loading %s.", path);
 }
 
@@ -1686,10 +2166,9 @@ load_options(void)
        const char *home = getenv("HOME");
        const char *tigrc_user = getenv("TIGRC_USER");
        const char *tigrc_system = getenv("TIGRC_SYSTEM");
+       const char *tig_diff_opts = getenv("TIG_DIFF_OPTS");
        char buf[SIZEOF_STR];
 
-       add_builtin_run_requests();
-
        if (!tigrc_system)
                tigrc_system = SYSCONFDIR "/tigrc";
        load_option_file(tigrc_system);
@@ -1701,6 +2180,21 @@ load_options(void)
        }
        load_option_file(tigrc_user);
 
+       /* Add _after_ loading config files to avoid adding run requests
+        * that conflict with keybindings. */
+       add_builtin_run_requests();
+
+       if (!opt_diff_argv && tig_diff_opts && *tig_diff_opts) {
+               static const char *diff_opts[SIZEOF_ARG] = { NULL };
+               int argc = 0;
+
+               if (!string_format(buf, "%s", tig_diff_opts) ||
+                   !argv_from_string(diff_opts, &argc, buf))
+                       die("TIG_DIFF_OPTS contains too many arguments");
+               else if (!argv_copy(&opt_diff_argv, diff_opts))
+                       die("Failed to format TIG_DIFF_OPTS arguments");
+       }
+
        return OK;
 }
 
@@ -1725,8 +2219,24 @@ static unsigned int current_view;
 static char ref_blob[SIZEOF_REF]       = "";
 static char ref_commit[SIZEOF_REF]     = "HEAD";
 static char ref_head[SIZEOF_REF]       = "HEAD";
+static char ref_branch[SIZEOF_REF]     = "";
+
+enum view_type {
+       VIEW_MAIN,
+       VIEW_DIFF,
+       VIEW_LOG,
+       VIEW_TREE,
+       VIEW_BLOB,
+       VIEW_BLAME,
+       VIEW_BRANCH,
+       VIEW_HELP,
+       VIEW_PAGER,
+       VIEW_STATUS,
+       VIEW_STAGE,
+};
 
 struct view {
+       enum view_type type;    /* View type */
        const char *name;       /* View name */
        const char *cmd_env;    /* Command line set via environment */
        const char *id;         /* Points to either of ref_{head,commit,blob} */
@@ -1759,11 +2269,11 @@ struct view {
        /* If non-NULL, points to the view that opened this view. If this view
         * is closed tig will switch back to the parent view. */
        struct view *parent;
+       struct view *prev;
 
        /* Buffering */
        size_t lines;           /* Total number of lines */
        struct line *line;      /* Line index */
-       size_t line_alloc;      /* Total number of allocated lines */
        unsigned int digits;    /* Number of digits in the lines member. */
 
        /* Drawing */
@@ -1773,6 +2283,8 @@ struct view {
        bool has_scrolled;      /* View was scrolled. */
 
        /* Loading */
+       const char **argv;      /* Shell command arguments. */
+       const char *dir;        /* Directory from which to execute. */
        struct io io;
        struct io *pipe;
        time_t start_time;
@@ -1796,6 +2308,8 @@ struct view_ops {
        bool (*grep)(struct view *view, struct line *line);
        /* Select line */
        void (*select)(struct view *view, struct line *line);
+       /* Prepare view for loading */
+       bool (*prepare)(struct view *view);
 };
 
 static struct view_ops blame_ops;
@@ -1808,13 +2322,13 @@ static struct view_ops pager_ops;
 static struct view_ops stage_ops;
 static struct view_ops status_ops;
 static struct view_ops tree_ops;
+static struct view_ops branch_ops;
 
-#define VIEW_STR(name, env, ref, ops, map, git) \
-       { name, #env, ref, ops, map, git }
+#define VIEW_STR(type, name, env, ref, ops, map, git) \
+       { type, name, #env, ref, ops, map, git }
 
 #define VIEW_(id, name, ops, git, ref) \
-       VIEW_STR(name, TIG_##id##_CMD, ref, ops, KEYMAP_##id, git)
-
+       VIEW_STR(VIEW_##id, name, TIG_##id##_CMD, ref, ops, KEYMAP_##id, git)
 
 static struct view views[] = {
        VIEW_(MAIN,   "main",   &main_ops,   TRUE,  ref_head),
@@ -1823,14 +2337,14 @@ static struct view views[] = {
        VIEW_(TREE,   "tree",   &tree_ops,   TRUE,  ref_commit),
        VIEW_(BLOB,   "blob",   &blob_ops,   TRUE,  ref_blob),
        VIEW_(BLAME,  "blame",  &blame_ops,  TRUE,  ref_commit),
+       VIEW_(BRANCH, "branch", &branch_ops, TRUE,  ref_head),
        VIEW_(HELP,   "help",   &help_ops,   FALSE, ""),
-       VIEW_(PAGER,  "pager",  &pager_ops,  FALSE, "stdin"),
+       VIEW_(PAGER,  "pager",  &pager_ops,  FALSE, ""),
        VIEW_(STATUS, "status", &status_ops, TRUE,  ""),
        VIEW_(STAGE,  "stage",  &stage_ops,  TRUE,  ""),
 };
 
 #define VIEW(req)      (&views[(req) - REQ_OFFSET - 1])
-#define VIEW_REQ(view) ((view) - views + REQ_OFFSET + 1)
 
 #define foreach_view(view, i) \
        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(views) && (view = &views[i]); i++)
@@ -1838,20 +2352,24 @@ static struct view views[] = {
 #define view_is_displayed(view) \
        (view == display[0] || view == display[1])
 
+static enum request
+view_request(struct view *view, enum request request)
+{
+       if (!view || !view->lines)
+               return request;
+       return view->ops->request(view, request, &view->line[view->lineno]);
+}
 
-enum line_graphic {
-       LINE_GRAPHIC_VLINE
-};
 
-static chtype line_graphics[] = {
-       /* LINE_GRAPHIC_VLINE: */ '|'
-};
+/*
+ * View drawing.
+ */
 
 static inline void
 set_view_attr(struct view *view, enum line_type type)
 {
        if (!view->curline->selected && view->curtype != type) {
-               wattrset(view->win, get_line_attr(type));
+               (void) wattrset(view->win, get_line_attr(type));
                wchgat(view->win, -1, 0, type, NULL);
                view->curtype = type;
        }
@@ -1861,6 +2379,7 @@ static int
 draw_chars(struct view *view, enum line_type type, const char *string,
           int max_len, bool use_tilde)
 {
+       static char out_buffer[BUFSIZ * 2];
        int len = 0;
        int col = 0;
        int trimmed = FALSE;
@@ -1869,26 +2388,33 @@ draw_chars(struct view *view, enum line_type type, const char *string,
        if (max_len <= 0)
                return 0;
 
-       if (opt_utf8) {
-               len = utf8_length(&string, skip, &col, max_len, &trimmed, use_tilde);
-       } else {
-               col = len = strlen(string);
-               if (len > max_len) {
-                       if (use_tilde) {
-                               max_len -= 1;
+       len = utf8_length(&string, skip, &col, max_len, &trimmed, use_tilde, opt_tab_size);
+
+       set_view_attr(view, type);
+       if (len > 0) {
+               if (opt_iconv_out != ICONV_NONE) {
+                       ICONV_CONST char *inbuf = (ICONV_CONST char *) string;
+                       size_t inlen = len + 1;
+
+                       char *outbuf = out_buffer;
+                       size_t outlen = sizeof(out_buffer);
+
+                       size_t ret;
+
+                       ret = iconv(opt_iconv_out, &inbuf, &inlen, &outbuf, &outlen);
+                       if (ret != (size_t) -1) {
+                               string = out_buffer;
+                               len = sizeof(out_buffer) - outlen;
                        }
-                       col = len = max_len;
-                       trimmed = TRUE;
                }
-       }
 
-       set_view_attr(view, type);
-       if (len > 0)
                waddnstr(view->win, string, len);
-       if (trimmed && use_tilde) {
-               set_view_attr(view, LINE_DELIMITER);
-               waddch(view->win, '~');
-               col++;
+
+               if (trimmed && use_tilde) {
+                       set_view_attr(view, LINE_DELIMITER);
+                       waddch(view->win, '~');
+                       col++;
+               }
        }
 
        return col;
@@ -1915,7 +2441,15 @@ draw_space(struct view *view, enum line_type type, int max, int spaces)
 static bool
 draw_text(struct view *view, enum line_type type, const char *string, bool trim)
 {
-       view->col += draw_chars(view, type, string, view->width + view->yoffset - view->col, trim);
+       char text[SIZEOF_STR];
+
+       do {
+               size_t pos = string_expand(text, sizeof(text), string, opt_tab_size);
+
+               view->col += draw_chars(view, type, text, view->width + view->yoffset - view->col, trim);
+               string += pos;
+       } while (*string && view->width + view->yoffset > view->col);
+
        return view->width + view->yoffset <= view->col;
 }
 
@@ -1960,41 +2494,22 @@ draw_field(struct view *view, enum line_type type, const char *text, int len, bo
 }
 
 static bool
-draw_date(struct view *view, struct tm *time)
+draw_date(struct view *view, struct time *time)
 {
-       char buf[DATE_COLS];
-       char *date;
-       int timelen = 0;
+       const char *date = mkdate(time, opt_date);
+       int cols = opt_date == DATE_SHORT ? DATE_SHORT_COLS : DATE_COLS;
 
-       if (time)
-               timelen = strftime(buf, sizeof(buf), DATE_FORMAT, time);
-       date = timelen ? buf : NULL;
-
-       return draw_field(view, LINE_DATE, date, DATE_COLS, FALSE);
+       return draw_field(view, LINE_DATE, date, cols, FALSE);
 }
 
 static bool
 draw_author(struct view *view, const char *author)
 {
-       bool trim = opt_author_cols == 0 || opt_author_cols > 5 || !author;
-
-       if (!trim) {
-               static char initials[10];
-               size_t pos;
+       bool trim = opt_author_cols == 0 || opt_author_cols > 5;
+       bool abbreviate = opt_author == AUTHOR_ABBREVIATED || !trim;
 
-#define is_initial_sep(c) (isspace(c) || ispunct(c) || (c) == '@')
-
-               memset(initials, 0, sizeof(initials));
-               for (pos = 0; *author && pos < opt_author_cols - 1; author++, pos++) {
-                       while (is_initial_sep(*author))
-                               author++;
-                       strncpy(&initials[pos], author, sizeof(initials) - 1 - pos);
-                       while (*author && !is_initial_sep(author[1]))
-                               author++;
-               }
-
-               author = initials;
-       }
+       if (abbreviate && author)
+               author = get_author_initials(author);
 
        return draw_field(view, LINE_AUTHOR, author, opt_author_cols, trim);
 }
@@ -2027,6 +2542,7 @@ draw_lineno(struct view *view, unsigned int lineno)
        int digits3 = view->digits < 3 ? 3 : view->digits;
        int max = MIN(view->width + view->yoffset - view->col, digits3);
        char *text = NULL;
+       chtype separator = opt_line_graphics ? ACS_VLINE : '|';
 
        lineno += view->offset + 1;
        if (lineno == 1 || (lineno % opt_num_interval) == 0) {
@@ -2040,7 +2556,7 @@ draw_lineno(struct view *view, unsigned int lineno)
                view->col += draw_chars(view, LINE_LINE_NUMBER, text, max, TRUE);
        else
                view->col += draw_space(view, LINE_LINE_NUMBER, max, digits3);
-       return draw_graphic(view, LINE_DEFAULT, &line_graphics[LINE_GRAPHIC_VLINE], 1);
+       return draw_graphic(view, LINE_DEFAULT, &separator, 1);
 }
 
 static bool
@@ -2125,7 +2641,7 @@ update_view_title(struct view *view)
 
        assert(view_is_displayed(view));
 
-       if (view != VIEW(REQ_VIEW_STATUS) && view->lines) {
+       if (view->type != VIEW_STATUS && view->lines) {
                unsigned int view_lines = view->offset + view->height;
                unsigned int lines = view->lines
                                   ? MIN(view_lines, view->lines) * 100 / view->lines
@@ -2171,6 +2687,15 @@ update_view_title(struct view *view)
        wnoutrefresh(view->title);
 }
 
+static int
+apply_step(double step, int value)
+{
+       if (step >= 1)
+               return (int) step;
+       value *= step + 0.01;
+       return value ? value : 1;
+}
+
 static void
 resize_display(void)
 {
@@ -2188,7 +2713,9 @@ resize_display(void)
        if (view != base) {
                /* Horizontal split. */
                view->width   = base->width;
-               view->height  = SCALE_SPLIT_VIEW(base->height);
+               view->height  = apply_step(opt_scale_split_view, base->height);
+               view->height  = MAX(view->height, MIN_VIEW_HEIGHT);
+               view->height  = MIN(view->height, base->height - MIN_VIEW_HEIGHT);
                base->height -= view->height;
 
                /* Make room for the title bar. */
@@ -2236,12 +2763,62 @@ redraw_display(bool clear)
        }
 }
 
+
+/*
+ * Option management
+ */
+
+#define TOGGLE_MENU \
+       TOGGLE_(LINENO,    '.', "line numbers",      &opt_line_number, NULL) \
+       TOGGLE_(DATE,      'D', "dates",             &opt_date,   date_map) \
+       TOGGLE_(AUTHOR,    'A', "author names",      &opt_author, author_map) \
+       TOGGLE_(REV_GRAPH, 'g', "revision graph",    &opt_rev_graph, NULL) \
+       TOGGLE_(REFS,      'F', "reference display", &opt_show_refs, NULL)
+
 static void
-toggle_view_option(bool *option, const char *help)
-{
-       *option = !*option;
-       redraw_display(FALSE);
-       report("%sabling %s", *option ? "En" : "Dis", help);
+toggle_option(enum request request)
+{
+       const struct {
+               enum request request;
+               const struct enum_map *map;
+               size_t map_size;
+       } data[] = {            
+#define TOGGLE_(id, key, help, value, map) { REQ_TOGGLE_ ## id, map, ARRAY_SIZE(map) },
+               TOGGLE_MENU
+#undef TOGGLE_
+       };
+       const struct menu_item menu[] = {
+#define TOGGLE_(id, key, help, value, map) { key, help, value },
+               TOGGLE_MENU
+#undef TOGGLE_
+               { 0 }
+       };
+       int i = 0;
+
+       if (request == REQ_OPTIONS) {
+               if (!prompt_menu("Toggle option", menu, &i))
+                       return;
+       } else {
+               while (i < ARRAY_SIZE(data) && data[i].request != request)
+                       i++;
+               if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(data))
+                       die("Invalid request (%d)", request);
+       }
+
+       if (data[i].map != NULL) {
+               unsigned int *opt = menu[i].data;
+
+               *opt = (*opt + 1) % data[i].map_size;
+               redraw_display(FALSE);
+               report("Displaying %s %s", enum_name(data[i].map[*opt]), menu[i].text);
+
+       } else {
+               bool *option = menu[i].data;
+
+               *option = !*option;
+               redraw_display(FALSE);
+               report("%sabling %s", *option ? "En" : "Dis", menu[i].text);
+       }
 }
 
 static void
@@ -2284,15 +2861,6 @@ goto_view_line(struct view *view, unsigned long offset, unsigned long lineno)
        return FALSE;
 }
 
-static int
-apply_step(double step, int value)
-{
-       if (step >= 1)
-               return (int) step;
-       value *= step + 0.01;
-       return value ? value : 1;
-}
-
 /* Scrolling backend */
 static void
 do_scroll_view(struct view *view, int lines)
@@ -2349,6 +2917,11 @@ scroll_view(struct view *view, enum request request)
        assert(view_is_displayed(view));
 
        switch (request) {
+       case REQ_SCROLL_FIRST_COL:
+               view->yoffset = 0;
+               redraw_view_from(view, 0);
+               report("");
+               return;
        case REQ_SCROLL_LEFT:
                if (view->yoffset == 0) {
                        report("Cannot scroll beyond the first column");
@@ -2497,6 +3070,19 @@ move_view(struct view *view, enum request request)
 
 static void search_view(struct view *view, enum request request);
 
+static bool
+grep_text(struct view *view, const char *text[])
+{
+       regmatch_t pmatch;
+       size_t i;
+
+       for (i = 0; text[i]; i++)
+               if (*text[i] &&
+                   regexec(view->regex, text[i], 1, &pmatch, 0) != REG_NOMATCH)
+                       return TRUE;
+       return FALSE;
+}
+
 static void
 select_view_line(struct view *view, unsigned long lineno)
 {
@@ -2613,80 +3199,95 @@ reset_view(struct view *view)
        view->yoffset = 0;
        view->lines  = 0;
        view->lineno = 0;
-       view->line_alloc = 0;
        view->vid[0] = 0;
        view->update_secs = 0;
 }
 
-static void
-free_argv(const char *argv[])
+static const char *
+format_arg(const char *name)
 {
-       int argc;
+       static struct {
+               const char *name;
+               size_t namelen;
+               const char *value;
+               const char *value_if_empty;
+       } vars[] = {
+#define FORMAT_VAR(name, value, value_if_empty) \
+       { name, STRING_SIZE(name), value, value_if_empty }
+               FORMAT_VAR("%(directory)",      opt_path,       ""),
+               FORMAT_VAR("%(file)",           opt_file,       ""),
+               FORMAT_VAR("%(ref)",            opt_ref,        "HEAD"),
+               FORMAT_VAR("%(head)",           ref_head,       ""),
+               FORMAT_VAR("%(commit)",         ref_commit,     ""),
+               FORMAT_VAR("%(blob)",           ref_blob,       ""),
+               FORMAT_VAR("%(branch)",         ref_branch,     ""),
+       };
+       int i;
 
-       for (argc = 0; argv[argc]; argc++)
-               free((void *) argv[argc]);
+       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(vars); i++)
+               if (!strncmp(name, vars[i].name, vars[i].namelen))
+                       return *vars[i].value ? vars[i].value : vars[i].value_if_empty;
+
+       report("Unknown replacement: `%s`", name);
+       return NULL;
 }
 
 static bool
-format_argv(const char *dst_argv[], const char *src_argv[], enum format_flags flags)
+format_argv(const char ***dst_argv, const char *src_argv[], bool replace, bool first)
 {
        char buf[SIZEOF_STR];
        int argc;
-       bool noreplace = flags == FORMAT_NONE;
 
-       free_argv(dst_argv);
+       argv_free(*dst_argv);
 
        for (argc = 0; src_argv[argc]; argc++) {
                const char *arg = src_argv[argc];
                size_t bufpos = 0;
 
+               if (!strcmp(arg, "%(fileargs)")) {
+                       if (!argv_append_array(dst_argv, opt_file_argv))
+                               break;
+                       continue;
+
+               } else if (!strcmp(arg, "%(diffargs)")) {
+                       if (!argv_append_array(dst_argv, opt_diff_argv))
+                               break;
+                       continue;
+
+               } else if (!strcmp(arg, "%(revargs)") ||
+                          (first && !strcmp(arg, "%(commit)"))) {
+                       if (!argv_append_array(dst_argv, opt_rev_argv))
+                               break;
+                       continue;
+               }
+
                while (arg) {
                        char *next = strstr(arg, "%(");
                        int len = next - arg;
                        const char *value;
 
-                       if (!next || noreplace) {
-                               if (flags == FORMAT_DASH && !strcmp(arg, "--"))
-                                       noreplace = TRUE;
+                       if (!next || !replace) {
                                len = strlen(arg);
                                value = "";
 
-                       } else if (!prefixcmp(next, "%(directory)")) {
-                               value = opt_path;
-
-                       } else if (!prefixcmp(next, "%(file)")) {
-                               value = opt_file;
-
-                       } else if (!prefixcmp(next, "%(ref)")) {
-                               value = *opt_ref ? opt_ref : "HEAD";
-
-                       } else if (!prefixcmp(next, "%(head)")) {
-                               value = ref_head;
-
-                       } else if (!prefixcmp(next, "%(commit)")) {
-                               value = ref_commit;
-
-                       } else if (!prefixcmp(next, "%(blob)")) {
-                               value = ref_blob;
-
                        } else {
-                               report("Unknown replacement: `%s`", next);
-                               return FALSE;
+                               value = format_arg(next);
+
+                               if (!value) {
+                                       return FALSE;
+                               }
                        }
 
                        if (!string_format_from(buf, &bufpos, "%.*s%s", len, arg, value))
                                return FALSE;
 
-                       arg = next && !noreplace ? strchr(next, ')') + 1 : NULL;
+                       arg = next && replace ? strchr(next, ')') + 1 : NULL;
                }
 
-               dst_argv[argc] = strdup(buf);
-               if (!dst_argv[argc])
+               if (!argv_append(dst_argv, buf))
                        break;
        }
 
-       dst_argv[argc] = NULL;
-
        return src_argv[argc] == NULL;
 }
 
@@ -2721,17 +3322,15 @@ end_update(struct view *view, bool force)
        while (!view->ops->read(view, NULL))
                if (!force)
                        return;
-       set_nonblocking_input(FALSE);
        if (force)
-               kill_io(view->pipe);
-       done_io(view->pipe);
+               io_kill(view->pipe);
+       io_done(view->pipe);
        view->pipe = NULL;
 }
 
 static void
 setup_update(struct view *view, const char *vid)
 {
-       set_nonblocking_input(TRUE);
        reset_view(view);
        string_copy_rev(view->vid, vid);
        view->pipe = &view->io;
@@ -2739,12 +3338,27 @@ setup_update(struct view *view, const char *vid)
 }
 
 static bool
-prepare_update(struct view *view, const char *argv[], const char *dir,
-              enum format_flags flags)
+prepare_io(struct view *view, const char *dir, const char *argv[], bool replace)
+{
+       view->dir = dir;
+       return format_argv(&view->argv, argv, replace, !view->prev);
+}
+
+static bool
+prepare_update(struct view *view, const char *argv[], const char *dir)
 {
        if (view->pipe)
                end_update(view, TRUE);
-       return init_io_rd(&view->io, argv, dir, flags);
+       return prepare_io(view, dir, argv, FALSE);
+}
+
+static bool
+start_update(struct view *view, const char **argv, const char *dir)
+{
+       if (view->pipe)
+               io_done(view->pipe);
+       return prepare_io(view, dir, argv, FALSE) &&
+              io_run(&view->io, IO_RD, dir, view->argv);
 }
 
 static bool
@@ -2752,7 +3366,8 @@ prepare_update_file(struct view *view, const char *name)
 {
        if (view->pipe)
                end_update(view, TRUE);
-       return io_open(&view->io, name);
+       argv_free(view->argv);
+       return io_open(&view->io, "%s/%s", opt_cdup[0] ? opt_cdup : ".", name);
 }
 
 static bool
@@ -2761,16 +3376,13 @@ begin_update(struct view *view, bool refresh)
        if (view->pipe)
                end_update(view, TRUE);
 
-       if (refresh) {
-               if (!start_io(&view->io))
-                       return FALSE;
-
-       } else {
-               if (view == VIEW(REQ_VIEW_TREE) && strcmp(view->vid, view->id))
-                       opt_path[0] = 0;
-
-               if (!run_io_rd(&view->io, view->ops->argv, FORMAT_ALL))
+       if (!refresh) {
+               if (view->ops->prepare) {
+                       if (!view->ops->prepare(view))
+                               return FALSE;
+               } else if (!prepare_io(view, NULL, view->ops->argv, TRUE)) {
                        return FALSE;
+               }
 
                /* Put the current ref_* value to the view title ref
                 * member. This is needed by the blob view. Most other
@@ -2779,41 +3391,15 @@ begin_update(struct view *view, bool refresh)
                string_copy_rev(view->ref, view->id);
        }
 
+       if (view->argv && view->argv[0] &&
+           !io_run(&view->io, IO_RD, view->dir, view->argv))
+               return FALSE;
+
        setup_update(view, view->id);
 
        return TRUE;
 }
 
-#define ITEM_CHUNK_SIZE 256
-static void *
-realloc_items(void *mem, size_t *size, size_t new_size, size_t item_size)
-{
-       size_t num_chunks = *size / ITEM_CHUNK_SIZE;
-       size_t num_chunks_new = (new_size + ITEM_CHUNK_SIZE - 1) / ITEM_CHUNK_SIZE;
-
-       if (mem == NULL || num_chunks != num_chunks_new) {
-               *size = num_chunks_new * ITEM_CHUNK_SIZE;
-               mem = realloc(mem, *size * item_size);
-       }
-
-       return mem;
-}
-
-static struct line *
-realloc_lines(struct view *view, size_t line_size)
-{
-       size_t alloc = view->line_alloc;
-       struct line *tmp = realloc_items(view->line, &alloc, line_size,
-                                        sizeof(*view->line));
-
-       if (!tmp)
-               return NULL;
-
-       view->line = tmp;
-       view->line_alloc = alloc;
-       return view->line;
-}
-
 static bool
 update_view(struct view *view)
 {
@@ -2842,7 +3428,7 @@ update_view(struct view *view)
        }
 
        for (; (line = io_get(view->pipe, '\n', can_read)); can_read = FALSE) {
-               if (opt_iconv != ICONV_NONE) {
+               if (opt_iconv_in != ICONV_NONE) {
                        ICONV_CONST char *inbuf = line;
                        size_t inlen = strlen(line) + 1;
 
@@ -2851,7 +3437,7 @@ update_view(struct view *view)
 
                        size_t ret;
 
-                       ret = iconv(opt_iconv, &inbuf, &inlen, &outbuf, &outlen);
+                       ret = iconv(opt_iconv_in, &inbuf, &inlen, &outbuf, &outlen);
                        if (ret != (size_t) -1)
                                line = out_buffer;
                }
@@ -2873,7 +3459,7 @@ update_view(struct view *view)
                /* Keep the displayed view in sync with line number scaling. */
                if (digits != view->digits) {
                        view->digits = digits;
-                       if (opt_line_number || view == VIEW(REQ_VIEW_BLAME))
+                       if (opt_line_number || view->type == VIEW_BLAME)
                                redraw = TRUE;
                }
        }
@@ -2883,7 +3469,8 @@ update_view(struct view *view)
                end_update(view, TRUE);
 
        } else if (io_eof(view->pipe)) {
-               report("");
+               if (view_is_displayed(view))
+                       report("");
                end_update(view, FALSE);
        }
 
@@ -2904,12 +3491,14 @@ update_view(struct view *view)
        return TRUE;
 }
 
+DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(realloc_lines, struct line, 256)
+
 static struct line *
 add_line_data(struct view *view, void *data, enum line_type type)
 {
        struct line *line;
 
-       if (!realloc_lines(view, view->lines + 1))
+       if (!realloc_lines(&view->line, view->lines, 1))
                return NULL;
 
        line = &view->line[view->lines++];
@@ -2978,6 +3567,7 @@ open_view(struct view *prev, enum request request, enum open_flags flags)
        if (split) {
                display[1] = view;
                current_view = 1;
+               view->parent = prev;
        } else if (!nomaximize) {
                /* Maximize the current view. */
                memset(display, 0, sizeof(display));
@@ -2985,6 +3575,11 @@ open_view(struct view *prev, enum request request, enum open_flags flags)
                display[current_view] = view;
        }
 
+       /* No prev signals that this is the first loaded view. */
+       if (prev && view != prev) {
+               view->prev = prev;
+       }
+
        /* Resize the view when switching between split- and full-screen,
         * or when switching between two different full-screen views. */
        if (nviews != displayed_views() ||
@@ -3015,13 +3610,9 @@ open_view(struct view *prev, enum request request, enum open_flags flags)
                do_scroll_view(prev, lines);
        }
 
-       if (prev && view != prev) {
-               if (split) {
-                       /* "Blur" the previous view. */
-                       update_view_title(prev);
-               }
-
-               view->parent = prev;
+       if (prev && view != prev && split && view_is_displayed(prev)) {
+               /* "Blur" the previous view. */
+               update_view_title(prev);
        }
 
        if (view->pipe && view->lines == 0) {
@@ -3041,7 +3632,7 @@ open_external_viewer(const char *argv[], const char *dir)
 {
        def_prog_mode();           /* save current tty modes */
        endwin();                  /* restore original tty modes */
-       run_io_fg(argv, dir);
+       io_run_fg(argv, dir);
        fprintf(stderr, "Press Enter to continue");
        getc(opt_tty);
        reset_prog_mode();
@@ -3057,7 +3648,7 @@ open_mergetool(const char *file)
 }
 
 static void
-open_editor(bool from_root, const char *file)
+open_editor(const char *file)
 {
        const char *editor_argv[] = { "vi", file, NULL };
        const char *editor;
@@ -3073,23 +3664,25 @@ open_editor(bool from_root, const char *file)
                editor = "vi";
 
        editor_argv[0] = editor;
-       open_external_viewer(editor_argv, from_root ? opt_cdup : NULL);
+       open_external_viewer(editor_argv, opt_cdup);
 }
 
 static void
 open_run_request(enum request request)
 {
        struct run_request *req = get_run_request(request);
-       const char *argv[ARRAY_SIZE(req->argv)] = { NULL };
+       const char **argv = NULL;
 
        if (!req) {
                report("Unknown run request");
                return;
        }
 
-       if (format_argv(argv, req->argv, FORMAT_ALL))
+       if (format_argv(&argv, req->argv, TRUE, FALSE))
                open_external_viewer(argv, NULL);
-       free_argv(argv);
+       if (argv)
+               argv_free(argv);
+       free(argv);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -3101,28 +3694,18 @@ view_driver(struct view *view, enum request request)
 {
        int i;
 
-       if (request == REQ_NONE) {
-               doupdate();
+       if (request == REQ_NONE)
                return TRUE;
-       }
 
        if (request > REQ_NONE) {
                open_run_request(request);
-               /* FIXME: When all views can refresh always do this. */
-               if (view == VIEW(REQ_VIEW_STATUS) ||
-                   view == VIEW(REQ_VIEW_MAIN) ||
-                   view == VIEW(REQ_VIEW_LOG) ||
-                   view == VIEW(REQ_VIEW_STAGE))
-                       request = REQ_REFRESH;
-               else
-                       return TRUE;
+               view_request(view, REQ_REFRESH);
+               return TRUE;
        }
 
-       if (view && view->lines) {
-               request = view->ops->request(view, request, &view->line[view->lineno]);
-               if (request == REQ_NONE)
-                       return TRUE;
-       }
+       request = view_request(view, request);
+       if (request == REQ_NONE)
+               return TRUE;
 
        switch (request) {
        case REQ_MOVE_UP:
@@ -3134,6 +3717,7 @@ view_driver(struct view *view, enum request request)
                move_view(view, request);
                break;
 
+       case REQ_SCROLL_FIRST_COL:
        case REQ_SCROLL_LEFT:
        case REQ_SCROLL_RIGHT:
        case REQ_SCROLL_LINE_DOWN:
@@ -3146,7 +3730,7 @@ view_driver(struct view *view, enum request request)
        case REQ_VIEW_BLAME:
                if (!opt_file[0]) {
                        report("No file chosen, press %s to open tree view",
-                              get_key(REQ_VIEW_TREE));
+                              get_key(view->keymap, REQ_VIEW_TREE));
                        break;
                }
                open_view(view, request, OPEN_DEFAULT);
@@ -3155,16 +3739,23 @@ view_driver(struct view *view, enum request request)
        case REQ_VIEW_BLOB:
                if (!ref_blob[0]) {
                        report("No file chosen, press %s to open tree view",
-                              get_key(REQ_VIEW_TREE));
+                              get_key(view->keymap, REQ_VIEW_TREE));
                        break;
                }
                open_view(view, request, OPEN_DEFAULT);
                break;
 
        case REQ_VIEW_PAGER:
+               if (view == NULL) {
+                       if (!io_open(&VIEW(REQ_VIEW_PAGER)->io, ""))
+                               die("Failed to open stdin");
+                       open_view(view, request, OPEN_PREPARED);
+                       break;
+               }
+
                if (!VIEW(REQ_VIEW_PAGER)->pipe && !VIEW(REQ_VIEW_PAGER)->lines) {
                        report("No pager content, press %s to run command from prompt",
-                              get_key(REQ_PROMPT));
+                              get_key(view->keymap, REQ_PROMPT));
                        break;
                }
                open_view(view, request, OPEN_DEFAULT);
@@ -3173,7 +3764,7 @@ view_driver(struct view *view, enum request request)
        case REQ_VIEW_STAGE:
                if (!VIEW(REQ_VIEW_STAGE)->lines) {
                        report("No stage content, press %s to open the status view and choose file",
-                              get_key(REQ_VIEW_STATUS));
+                              get_key(view->keymap, REQ_VIEW_STATUS));
                        break;
                }
                open_view(view, request, OPEN_DEFAULT);
@@ -3192,6 +3783,7 @@ view_driver(struct view *view, enum request request)
        case REQ_VIEW_LOG:
        case REQ_VIEW_TREE:
        case REQ_VIEW_HELP:
+       case REQ_VIEW_BRANCH:
                open_view(view, request, OPEN_DEFAULT);
                break;
 
@@ -3199,14 +3791,7 @@ view_driver(struct view *view, enum request request)
        case REQ_PREVIOUS:
                request = request == REQ_NEXT ? REQ_MOVE_DOWN : REQ_MOVE_UP;
 
-               if ((view == VIEW(REQ_VIEW_DIFF) &&
-                    view->parent == VIEW(REQ_VIEW_MAIN)) ||
-                  (view == VIEW(REQ_VIEW_DIFF) &&
-                    view->parent == VIEW(REQ_VIEW_BLAME)) ||
-                  (view == VIEW(REQ_VIEW_STAGE) &&
-                    view->parent == VIEW(REQ_VIEW_STATUS)) ||
-                  (view == VIEW(REQ_VIEW_BLOB) &&
-                    view->parent == VIEW(REQ_VIEW_TREE))) {
+               if (view->parent) {
                        int line;
 
                        view = view->parent;
@@ -3215,9 +3800,7 @@ view_driver(struct view *view, enum request request)
                        if (view_is_displayed(view))
                                update_view_title(view);
                        if (line != view->lineno)
-                               view->ops->request(view, REQ_ENTER,
-                                                  &view->line[view->lineno]);
-
+                               view_request(view, REQ_ENTER);
                } else {
                        move_view(view, request);
                }
@@ -3248,24 +3831,18 @@ view_driver(struct view *view, enum request request)
                        maximize_view(view);
                break;
 
+       case REQ_OPTIONS:
        case REQ_TOGGLE_LINENO:
-               toggle_view_option(&opt_line_number, "line numbers");
-               break;
-
        case REQ_TOGGLE_DATE:
-               toggle_view_option(&opt_date, "date display");
-               break;
-
        case REQ_TOGGLE_AUTHOR:
-               toggle_view_option(&opt_author, "author display");
-               break;
-
        case REQ_TOGGLE_REV_GRAPH:
-               toggle_view_option(&opt_rev_graph, "revision graph display");
+       case REQ_TOGGLE_REFS:
+               toggle_option(request);
                break;
 
-       case REQ_TOGGLE_REFS:
-               toggle_view_option(&opt_show_refs, "reference display");
+       case REQ_TOGGLE_SORT_FIELD:
+       case REQ_TOGGLE_SORT_ORDER:
+               report("Sorting is not yet supported for the %s view", view->name);
                break;
 
        case REQ_SEARCH:
@@ -3279,8 +3856,7 @@ view_driver(struct view *view, enum request request)
                break;
 
        case REQ_STOP_LOADING:
-               for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(views); i++) {
-                       view = &views[i];
+               foreach_view(view, i) {
                        if (view->pipe)
                                report("Stopped loading the %s view", view->name),
                        end_update(view, TRUE);
@@ -3304,13 +3880,12 @@ view_driver(struct view *view, enum request request)
                break;
 
        case REQ_VIEW_CLOSE:
-               /* XXX: Mark closed views by letting view->parent point to the
+               /* XXX: Mark closed views by letting view->prev point to the
                 * view itself. Parents to closed view should never be
                 * followed. */
-               if (view->parent &&
-                   view->parent->parent != view->parent) {
-                       maximize_view(view->parent);
-                       view->parent = view;
+               if (view->prev && view->prev != view) {
+                       maximize_view(view->prev);
+                       view->prev = view;
                        break;
                }
                /* Fall-through */
@@ -3318,7 +3893,8 @@ view_driver(struct view *view, enum request request)
                return FALSE;
 
        default:
-               report("Unknown key, press 'h' for help");
+               report("Unknown key, press %s for help",
+                      get_key(view->keymap, REQ_VIEW_HELP));
                return TRUE;
        }
 
@@ -3330,27 +3906,108 @@ view_driver(struct view *view, enum request request)
  * View backend utilities
  */
 
+enum sort_field {
+       ORDERBY_NAME,
+       ORDERBY_DATE,
+       ORDERBY_AUTHOR,
+};
+
+struct sort_state {
+       const enum sort_field *fields;
+       size_t size, current;
+       bool reverse;
+};
+
+#define SORT_STATE(fields) { fields, ARRAY_SIZE(fields), 0 }
+#define get_sort_field(state) ((state).fields[(state).current])
+#define sort_order(state, result) ((state).reverse ? -(result) : (result))
+
+static void
+sort_view(struct view *view, enum request request, struct sort_state *state,
+         int (*compare)(const void *, const void *))
+{
+       switch (request) {
+       case REQ_TOGGLE_SORT_FIELD:
+               state->current = (state->current + 1) % state->size;
+               break;
+
+       case REQ_TOGGLE_SORT_ORDER:
+               state->reverse = !state->reverse;
+               break;
+       default:
+               die("Not a sort request");
+       }
+
+       qsort(view->line, view->lines, sizeof(*view->line), compare);
+       redraw_view(view);
+}
+
+DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(realloc_authors, const char *, 256)
+
+/* Small author cache to reduce memory consumption. It uses binary
+ * search to lookup or find place to position new entries. No entries
+ * are ever freed. */
+static const char *
+get_author(const char *name)
+{
+       static const char **authors;
+       static size_t authors_size;
+       int from = 0, to = authors_size - 1;
+
+       while (from <= to) {
+               size_t pos = (to + from) / 2;
+               int cmp = strcmp(name, authors[pos]);
+
+               if (!cmp)
+                       return authors[pos];
+
+               if (cmp < 0)
+                       to = pos - 1;
+               else
+                       from = pos + 1;
+       }
+
+       if (!realloc_authors(&authors, authors_size, 1))
+               return NULL;
+       name = strdup(name);
+       if (!name)
+               return NULL;
+
+       memmove(authors + from + 1, authors + from, (authors_size - from) * sizeof(*authors));
+       authors[from] = name;
+       authors_size++;
+
+       return name;
+}
+
+static void
+parse_timesec(struct time *time, const char *sec)
+{
+       time->sec = (time_t) atol(sec);
+}
+
 static void
-parse_timezone(time_t *time, const char *zone)
+parse_timezone(struct time *time, const char *zone)
 {
        long tz;
 
        tz  = ('0' - zone[1]) * 60 * 60 * 10;
        tz += ('0' - zone[2]) * 60 * 60;
-       tz += ('0' - zone[3]) * 60;
-       tz += ('0' - zone[4]);
+       tz += ('0' - zone[3]) * 60 * 10;
+       tz += ('0' - zone[4]) * 60;
 
        if (zone[0] == '-')
                tz = -tz;
 
-       *time -= tz;
+       time->tz = tz;
+       time->sec -= tz;
 }
 
 /* Parse author lines where the name may be empty:
  *     author  <email@address.tld> 1138474660 +0100
  */
 static void
-parse_author_line(char *ident, char *author, size_t authorsize, struct tm *tm)
+parse_author_line(char *ident, const char **author, struct time *time)
 {
        char *nameend = strchr(ident, '<');
        char *emailend = strchr(ident, '>');
@@ -3365,76 +4022,18 @@ parse_author_line(char *ident, char *author, size_t authorsize, struct tm *tm)
                        ident = "Unknown";
        }
 
-       string_ncopy_do(author, authorsize, ident, strlen(ident));
+       *author = get_author(ident);
 
        /* Parse epoch and timezone */
        if (emailend && emailend[1] == ' ') {
                char *secs = emailend + 2;
                char *zone = strchr(secs, ' ');
-               time_t time = (time_t) atol(secs);
-
-               if (zone && strlen(zone) == STRING_SIZE(" +0700"))
-                       parse_timezone(&time, zone + 1);
-
-               gmtime_r(&time, tm);
-       }
-}
-
-static enum input_status
-select_commit_parent_handler(void *data, char *buf, int c)
-{
-       size_t parents = *(size_t *) data;
-       int parent = 0;
 
-       if (!isdigit(c))
-               return INPUT_SKIP;
+               parse_timesec(time, secs);
 
-       if (*buf)
-               parent = atoi(buf) * 10;
-       parent += c - '0';
-
-       if (parent > parents)
-               return INPUT_SKIP;
-       return INPUT_OK;
-}
-
-static bool
-select_commit_parent(const char *id, char rev[SIZEOF_REV], const char *path)
-{
-       char buf[SIZEOF_STR * 4];
-       const char *revlist_argv[] = {
-               "git", "rev-list", "-1", "--parents", id, "--", path, NULL
-       };
-       int parents;
-
-       if (!run_io_buf(revlist_argv, buf, sizeof(buf)) ||
-           !*chomp_string(buf) ||
-           (parents = (strlen(buf) / 40) - 1) < 0) {
-               report("Failed to get parent information");
-               return FALSE;
-
-       } else if (parents == 0) {
-               if (path)
-                       report("Path '%s' does not exist in the parent", path);
-               else
-                       report("The selected commit has no parents");
-               return FALSE;
-       }
-
-       if (parents > 1) {
-               char prompt[SIZEOF_STR];
-               char *result;
-
-               if (!string_format(prompt, "Which parent? [1..%d] ", parents))
-                       return FALSE;
-               result = prompt_input(prompt, select_commit_parent_handler, &parents);
-               if (!result)
-                       return FALSE;
-               parents = atoi(result);
+               if (zone && strlen(zone) == STRING_SIZE(" +0700"))
+                       parse_timezone(time, zone + 1);
        }
-
-       string_copy_rev(rev, &buf[41 * parents]);
-       return TRUE;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -3444,13 +4043,10 @@ select_commit_parent(const char *id, char rev[SIZEOF_REV], const char *path)
 static bool
 pager_draw(struct view *view, struct line *line, unsigned int lineno)
 {
-       char text[SIZEOF_STR];
-
        if (opt_line_number && draw_lineno(view, lineno))
                return TRUE;
 
-       string_expand(text, sizeof(text), line->data, opt_tab_size);
-       draw_text(view, line->type, text, TRUE);
+       draw_text(view, line->type, line->data, TRUE);
        return TRUE;
 }
 
@@ -3458,13 +4054,9 @@ static bool
 add_describe_ref(char *buf, size_t *bufpos, const char *commit_id, const char *sep)
 {
        const char *describe_argv[] = { "git", "describe", commit_id, NULL };
-       char refbuf[SIZEOF_STR];
-       char *ref = NULL;
+       char ref[SIZEOF_STR];
 
-       if (run_io_buf(describe_argv, refbuf, sizeof(refbuf)))
-               ref = chomp_string(refbuf);
-
-       if (!ref || !*ref)
+       if (!io_run_buf(describe_argv, ref, sizeof(ref)) || !*ref)
                return TRUE;
 
        /* This is the only fatal call, since it can "corrupt" the buffer. */
@@ -3479,22 +4071,22 @@ add_pager_refs(struct view *view, struct line *line)
 {
        char buf[SIZEOF_STR];
        char *commit_id = (char *)line->data + STRING_SIZE("commit ");
-       struct ref **refs;
-       size_t bufpos = 0, refpos = 0;
+       struct ref_list *list;
+       size_t bufpos = 0, i;
        const char *sep = "Refs: ";
        bool is_tag = FALSE;
 
        assert(line->type == LINE_COMMIT);
 
-       refs = get_refs(commit_id);
-       if (!refs) {
-               if (view == VIEW(REQ_VIEW_DIFF))
+       list = get_ref_list(commit_id);
+       if (!list) {
+               if (view->type == VIEW_DIFF)
                        goto try_add_describe_ref;
                return;
        }
 
-       do {
-               struct ref *ref = refs[refpos];
+       for (i = 0; i < list->size; i++) {
+               struct ref *ref = list->refs[i];
                const char *fmt = ref->tag    ? "%s[%s]" :
                                  ref->remote ? "%s<%s>" : "%s%s";
 
@@ -3503,9 +4095,9 @@ add_pager_refs(struct view *view, struct line *line)
                sep = ", ";
                if (ref->tag)
                        is_tag = TRUE;
-       } while (refs[refpos++]->next);
+       }
 
-       if (!is_tag && view == VIEW(REQ_VIEW_DIFF)) {
+       if (!is_tag && view->type == VIEW_DIFF) {
 try_add_describe_ref:
                /* Add <tag>-g<commit_id> "fake" reference. */
                if (!add_describe_ref(buf, &bufpos, commit_id, sep))
@@ -3531,8 +4123,8 @@ pager_read(struct view *view, char *data)
                return FALSE;
 
        if (line->type == LINE_COMMIT &&
-           (view == VIEW(REQ_VIEW_DIFF) ||
-            view == VIEW(REQ_VIEW_LOG)))
+           (view->type == VIEW_DIFF ||
+            view->type == VIEW_LOG))
                add_pager_refs(view, line);
 
        return TRUE;
@@ -3547,8 +4139,8 @@ pager_request(struct view *view, enum request request, struct line *line)
                return request;
 
        if (line->type == LINE_COMMIT &&
-          (view == VIEW(REQ_VIEW_LOG) ||
-           view == VIEW(REQ_VIEW_PAGER))) {
+          (view->type == VIEW_LOG ||
+           view->type == VIEW_PAGER)) {
                open_view(view, REQ_VIEW_DIFF, OPEN_SPLIT);
                split = 1;
        }
@@ -3570,16 +4162,9 @@ pager_request(struct view *view, enum request request, struct line *line)
 static bool
 pager_grep(struct view *view, struct line *line)
 {
-       regmatch_t pmatch;
-       char *text = line->data;
-
-       if (!*text)
-               return FALSE;
+       const char *text[] = { line->data, NULL };
 
-       if (regexec(view->regex, text, 1, &pmatch, 0) == REG_NOMATCH)
-               return FALSE;
-
-       return TRUE;
+       return grep_text(view, text);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -3588,7 +4173,7 @@ pager_select(struct view *view, struct line *line)
        if (line->type == LINE_COMMIT) {
                char *text = (char *)line->data + STRING_SIZE("commit ");
 
-               if (view != VIEW(REQ_VIEW_PAGER))
+               if (view->type != VIEW_PAGER)
                        string_copy_rev(view->ref, text);
                string_copy_rev(ref_commit, text);
        }
@@ -3635,14 +4220,42 @@ static struct view_ops log_ops = {
 
 static const char *diff_argv[SIZEOF_ARG] = {
        "git", "show", "--pretty=fuller", "--no-color", "--root",
-               "--patch-with-stat", "--find-copies-harder", "-C", "%(commit)", NULL
+               "--patch-with-stat", "--find-copies-harder", "-C",
+               "%(diffargs)", "%(commit)", "--", "%(fileargs)", NULL
 };
 
+static bool
+diff_read(struct view *view, char *data)
+{
+       if (!data) {
+               /* Fall back to retry if no diff will be shown. */
+               if (view->lines == 0 && opt_file_argv) {
+                       int pos = argv_size(view->argv)
+                               - argv_size(opt_file_argv) - 1;
+
+                       if (pos > 0 && !strcmp(view->argv[pos], "--")) {
+                               for (; view->argv[pos]; pos++) {
+                                       free((void *) view->argv[pos]);
+                                       view->argv[pos] = NULL;
+                               }
+
+                               if (view->pipe)
+                                       io_done(view->pipe);
+                               if (io_run(&view->io, IO_RD, view->dir, view->argv))
+                                       return FALSE;
+                       }
+               }
+               return TRUE;
+       }
+
+       return pager_read(view, data);
+}
+
 static struct view_ops diff_ops = {
        "line",
        diff_argv,
        NULL,
-       pager_read,
+       diff_read,
        pager_draw,
        pager_request,
        pager_grep,
@@ -3653,80 +4266,129 @@ static struct view_ops diff_ops = {
  * Help backend
  */
 
-static bool
-help_open(struct view *view)
+static bool help_keymap_hidden[ARRAY_SIZE(keymap_table)];
+
+static bool
+help_open_keymap_title(struct view *view, enum keymap keymap)
+{
+       struct line *line;
+
+       line = add_line_format(view, LINE_HELP_KEYMAP, "[%c] %s bindings",
+                              help_keymap_hidden[keymap] ? '+' : '-',
+                              enum_name(keymap_table[keymap]));
+       if (line)
+               line->other = keymap;
+
+       return help_keymap_hidden[keymap];
+}
+
+static void
+help_open_keymap(struct view *view, enum keymap keymap)
 {
+       const char *group = NULL;
        char buf[SIZEOF_STR];
        size_t bufpos;
+       bool add_title = TRUE;
        int i;
 
-       if (view->lines > 0)
-               return TRUE;
-
-       add_line_text(view, "Quick reference for tig keybindings:", LINE_DEFAULT);
-
        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(req_info); i++) {
-               const char *key;
+               const char *key = NULL;
 
                if (req_info[i].request == REQ_NONE)
                        continue;
 
                if (!req_info[i].request) {
-                       add_line_text(view, "", LINE_DEFAULT);
-                       add_line_text(view, req_info[i].help, LINE_DEFAULT);
+                       group = req_info[i].help;
                        continue;
                }
 
-               key = get_key(req_info[i].request);
-               if (!*key)
-                       key = "(no key defined)";
+               key = get_keys(keymap, req_info[i].request, TRUE);
+               if (!key || !*key)
+                       continue;
+
+               if (add_title && help_open_keymap_title(view, keymap))
+                       return;
+               add_title = FALSE;
 
-               for (bufpos = 0; bufpos <= req_info[i].namelen; bufpos++) {
-                       buf[bufpos] = tolower(req_info[i].name[bufpos]);
-                       if (buf[bufpos] == '_')
-                               buf[bufpos] = '-';
+               if (group) {
+                       add_line_text(view, group, LINE_HELP_GROUP);
+                       group = NULL;
                }
 
-               add_line_format(view, LINE_DEFAULT, "    %-25s %-20s %s",
-                               key, buf, req_info[i].help);
+               add_line_format(view, LINE_DEFAULT, "    %-25s %-20s %s", key,
+                               enum_name(req_info[i]), req_info[i].help);
        }
 
-       if (run_requests) {
-               add_line_text(view, "", LINE_DEFAULT);
-               add_line_text(view, "External commands:", LINE_DEFAULT);
-       }
+       group = "External commands:";
 
        for (i = 0; i < run_requests; i++) {
                struct run_request *req = get_run_request(REQ_NONE + i + 1);
                const char *key;
                int argc;
 
-               if (!req)
+               if (!req || req->keymap != keymap)
                        continue;
 
                key = get_key_name(req->key);
                if (!*key)
                        key = "(no key defined)";
 
+               if (add_title && help_open_keymap_title(view, keymap))
+                       return;
+               if (group) {
+                       add_line_text(view, group, LINE_HELP_GROUP);
+                       group = NULL;
+               }
+
                for (bufpos = 0, argc = 0; req->argv[argc]; argc++)
                        if (!string_format_from(buf, &bufpos, "%s%s",
                                                argc ? " " : "", req->argv[argc]))
-                               return REQ_NONE;
+                               return;
 
-               add_line_format(view, LINE_DEFAULT, "    %-10s %-14s `%s`",
-                               keymap_table[req->keymap].name, key, buf);
+               add_line_format(view, LINE_DEFAULT, "    %-25s `%s`", key, buf);
        }
+}
+
+static bool
+help_open(struct view *view)
+{
+       enum keymap keymap;
+
+       reset_view(view);
+       add_line_text(view, "Quick reference for tig keybindings:", LINE_DEFAULT);
+       add_line_text(view, "", LINE_DEFAULT);
+
+       for (keymap = 0; keymap < ARRAY_SIZE(keymap_table); keymap++)
+               help_open_keymap(view, keymap);
 
        return TRUE;
 }
 
+static enum request
+help_request(struct view *view, enum request request, struct line *line)
+{
+       switch (request) {
+       case REQ_ENTER:
+               if (line->type == LINE_HELP_KEYMAP) {
+                       help_keymap_hidden[line->other] =
+                               !help_keymap_hidden[line->other];
+                       view->p_restore = TRUE;
+                       open_view(view, REQ_VIEW_HELP, OPEN_REFRESH);
+               }
+
+               return REQ_NONE;
+       default:
+               return pager_request(view, request, line);
+       }
+}
+
 static struct view_ops help_ops = {
        "line",
        NULL,
        help_open,
        NULL,
        pager_draw,
-       pager_request,
+       help_request,
        pager_grep,
        pager_select,
 };
@@ -3797,26 +4459,57 @@ push_tree_stack_entry(const char *name, unsigned long lineno)
 struct tree_entry {
        char id[SIZEOF_REV];
        mode_t mode;
-       struct tm time;                 /* Date from the author ident. */
-       char author[75];                /* Author of the commit. */
+       struct time time;               /* Date from the author ident. */
+       const char *author;             /* Author of the commit. */
        char name[1];
 };
 
 static const char *
-tree_path(struct line *line)
+tree_path(const struct line *line)
 {
        return ((struct tree_entry *) line->data)->name;
 }
 
-
 static int
-tree_compare_entry(struct line *line1, struct line *line2)
+tree_compare_entry(const struct line *line1, const struct line *line2)
 {
        if (line1->type != line2->type)
                return line1->type == LINE_TREE_DIR ? -1 : 1;
        return strcmp(tree_path(line1), tree_path(line2));
 }
 
+static const enum sort_field tree_sort_fields[] = {
+       ORDERBY_NAME, ORDERBY_DATE, ORDERBY_AUTHOR
+};
+static struct sort_state tree_sort_state = SORT_STATE(tree_sort_fields);
+
+static int
+tree_compare(const void *l1, const void *l2)
+{
+       const struct line *line1 = (const struct line *) l1;
+       const struct line *line2 = (const struct line *) l2;
+       const struct tree_entry *entry1 = ((const struct line *) l1)->data;
+       const struct tree_entry *entry2 = ((const struct line *) l2)->data;
+
+       if (line1->type == LINE_TREE_HEAD)
+               return -1;
+       if (line2->type == LINE_TREE_HEAD)
+               return 1;
+
+       switch (get_sort_field(tree_sort_state)) {
+       case ORDERBY_DATE:
+               return sort_order(tree_sort_state, timecmp(&entry1->time, &entry2->time));
+
+       case ORDERBY_AUTHOR:
+               return sort_order(tree_sort_state, strcmp(entry1->author, entry2->author));
+
+       case ORDERBY_NAME:
+       default:
+               return sort_order(tree_sort_state, tree_compare_entry(line1, line2));
+       }
+}
+
+
 static struct line *
 tree_entry(struct view *view, enum line_type type, const char *path,
           const char *mode, const char *id)
@@ -3841,8 +4534,8 @@ tree_entry(struct view *view, enum line_type type, const char *path,
 static bool
 tree_read_date(struct view *view, char *text, bool *read_date)
 {
-       static char author_name[SIZEOF_STR];
-       static struct tm author_time;
+       static const char *author_name;
+       static struct time author_time;
 
        if (!text && *read_date) {
                *read_date = FALSE;
@@ -3855,7 +4548,6 @@ tree_read_date(struct view *view, char *text, bool *read_date)
                        "git", "log", "--no-color", "--pretty=raw",
                                "--cc", "--raw", view->id, "--", path, NULL
                };
-               struct io io = {};
 
                if (!view->lines) {
                        tree_entry(view, LINE_TREE_HEAD, opt_path, NULL, NULL);
@@ -3863,19 +4555,17 @@ tree_read_date(struct view *view, char *text, bool *read_date)
                        return TRUE;
                }
 
-               if (!run_io_rd(&io, log_file, FORMAT_NONE)) {
+               if (!start_update(view, log_file, opt_cdup)) {
                        report("Failed to load tree data");
                        return TRUE;
                }
 
-               done_io(view->pipe);
-               view->io = io;
                *read_date = TRUE;
                return FALSE;
 
        } else if (*text == 'a' && get_line_type(text) == LINE_AUTHOR) {
                parse_author_line(text + STRING_SIZE("author "),
-                                 author_name, sizeof(author_name), &author_time);
+                                 &author_name, &author_time);
 
        } else if (*text == ':') {
                char *pos;
@@ -3886,8 +4576,6 @@ tree_read_date(struct view *view, char *text, bool *read_date)
                if (!pos)
                        return TRUE;
                text = pos + 1;
-               if (*opt_prefix && !strncmp(text, opt_prefix, strlen(opt_prefix)))
-                       text += strlen(opt_prefix);
                if (*opt_path && !strncmp(text, opt_path, strlen(opt_path)))
                        text += strlen(opt_path);
                pos = strchr(text, '/');
@@ -3898,18 +4586,18 @@ tree_read_date(struct view *view, char *text, bool *read_date)
                        struct line *line = &view->line[i];
                        struct tree_entry *entry = line->data;
 
-                       annotated += !!*entry->author;
-                       if (*entry->author || strcmp(entry->name, text))
+                       annotated += !!entry->author;
+                       if (entry->author || strcmp(entry->name, text))
                                continue;
 
-                       string_copy(entry->author, author_name);
-                       memcpy(&entry->time, &author_time, sizeof(entry->time));
+                       entry->author = author_name;
+                       entry->time = author_time;
                        line->dirty = 1;
                        break;
                }
 
                if (annotated == view->lines)
-                       kill_io(view->pipe);
+                       io_kill(view->pipe);
        }
        return TRUE;
 }
@@ -3991,7 +4679,7 @@ tree_draw(struct view *view, struct line *line, unsigned int lineno)
                if (opt_author && draw_author(view, entry->author))
                        return TRUE;
 
-               if (opt_date && draw_date(view, *entry->author ? &entry->time : NULL))
+               if (opt_date && draw_date(view, &entry->time))
                        return TRUE;
        }
        if (draw_text(view, line->type, entry->name, TRUE))
@@ -4000,17 +4688,18 @@ tree_draw(struct view *view, struct line *line, unsigned int lineno)
 }
 
 static void
-open_blob_editor()
+open_blob_editor(const char *id)
 {
+       const char *blob_argv[] = { "git", "cat-file", "blob", id, NULL };
        char file[SIZEOF_STR] = "/tmp/tigblob.XXXXXX";
        int fd = mkstemp(file);
 
        if (fd == -1)
                report("Failed to create temporary file");
-       else if (!run_io_append(blob_ops.argv, FORMAT_ALL, fd))
+       else if (!io_run_append(blob_argv, fd))
                report("Failed to save blob data to file");
        else
-               open_editor(FALSE, file);
+               open_editor(file);
        if (fd != -1)
                unlink(file);
 }
@@ -4019,6 +4708,7 @@ static enum request
 tree_request(struct view *view, enum request request, struct line *line)
 {
        enum open_flags flags;
+       struct tree_entry *entry = line->data;
 
        switch (request) {
        case REQ_VIEW_BLAME:
@@ -4034,12 +4724,17 @@ tree_request(struct view *view, enum request request, struct line *line)
                if (line->type != LINE_TREE_FILE) {
                        report("Edit only supported for files");
                } else if (!is_head_commit(view->vid)) {
-                       open_blob_editor();
+                       open_blob_editor(entry->id);
                } else {
-                       open_editor(TRUE, opt_file);
+                       open_editor(opt_file);
                }
                return REQ_NONE;
 
+       case REQ_TOGGLE_SORT_FIELD:
+       case REQ_TOGGLE_SORT_ORDER:
+               sort_view(view, request, &tree_sort_state, tree_compare);
+               return REQ_NONE;
+
        case REQ_PARENT:
                if (!*opt_path) {
                        /* quit view if at top of tree */
@@ -4080,7 +4775,7 @@ tree_request(struct view *view, enum request request, struct line *line)
                break;
 
        case LINE_TREE_FILE:
-               flags = display[0] == view ? OPEN_SPLIT : OPEN_DEFAULT;
+               flags = view_is_displayed(view) ? OPEN_SPLIT : OPEN_DEFAULT;
                request = REQ_VIEW_BLOB;
                break;
 
@@ -4095,6 +4790,20 @@ tree_request(struct view *view, enum request request, struct line *line)
        return REQ_NONE;
 }
 
+static bool
+tree_grep(struct view *view, struct line *line)
+{
+       struct tree_entry *entry = line->data;
+       const char *text[] = {
+               entry->name,
+               opt_author ? entry->author : "",
+               mkdate(&entry->time, opt_date),
+               NULL
+       };
+
+       return grep_text(view, text);
+}
+
 static void
 tree_select(struct view *view, struct line *line)
 {
@@ -4111,6 +4820,32 @@ tree_select(struct view *view, struct line *line)
        string_copy_rev(view->ref, entry->id);
 }
 
+static bool
+tree_prepare(struct view *view)
+{
+       if (view->lines == 0 && opt_prefix[0]) {
+               char *pos = opt_prefix;
+
+               while (pos && *pos) {
+                       char *end = strchr(pos, '/');
+
+                       if (end)
+                               *end = 0;
+                       push_tree_stack_entry(pos, 0);
+                       pos = end;
+                       if (end) {
+                               *end = '/';
+                               pos++;
+                       }
+               }
+
+       } else if (strcmp(view->vid, view->id)) {
+               opt_path[0] = 0;
+       }
+
+       return prepare_io(view, opt_cdup, view->ops->argv, TRUE);
+}
+
 static const char *tree_argv[SIZEOF_ARG] = {
        "git", "ls-tree", "%(commit)", "%(directory)", NULL
 };
@@ -4122,8 +4857,9 @@ static struct view_ops tree_ops = {
        tree_read,
        tree_draw,
        tree_request,
-       pager_grep,
+       tree_grep,
        tree_select,
+       tree_prepare,
 };
 
 static bool
@@ -4139,7 +4875,7 @@ blob_request(struct view *view, enum request request, struct line *line)
 {
        switch (request) {
        case REQ_EDIT:
-               open_blob_editor();
+               open_blob_editor(view->vid);
                return REQ_NONE;
        default:
                return pager_request(view, request, line);
@@ -4172,25 +4908,14 @@ static struct view_ops blob_ops = {
  *     reading output from git-blame.
  */
 
-static const char *blame_head_argv[] = {
-       "git", "blame", "--incremental", "--", "%(file)", NULL
-};
-
-static const char *blame_ref_argv[] = {
-       "git", "blame", "--incremental", "%(ref)", "--", "%(file)", NULL
-};
-
-static const char *blame_cat_file_argv[] = {
-       "git", "cat-file", "blob", "%(ref):%(file)", NULL
-};
-
 struct blame_commit {
        char id[SIZEOF_REV];            /* SHA1 ID. */
        char title[128];                /* First line of the commit message. */
-       char author[75];                /* Author of the commit. */
-       struct tm time;                 /* Date from the author ident. */
+       const char *author;             /* Author of the commit. */
+       struct time time;               /* Date from the author ident. */
        char filename[128];             /* Name of file. */
-       bool has_previous;              /* Was a "previous" line detected. */
+       char parent_id[SIZEOF_REV];     /* Parent/previous SHA1 ID. */
+       char parent_filename[128];      /* Parent/previous name of file. */
 };
 
 struct blame {
@@ -4202,11 +4927,43 @@ struct blame {
 static bool
 blame_open(struct view *view)
 {
-       if (*opt_ref || !io_open(&view->io, opt_file)) {
-               if (!run_io_rd(&view->io, blame_cat_file_argv, FORMAT_ALL))
+       char path[SIZEOF_STR];
+       size_t i;
+
+       if (!view->prev && *opt_prefix) {
+               string_copy(path, opt_file);
+               if (!string_format(opt_file, "%s%s", opt_prefix, path))
+                       return FALSE;
+       }
+
+       if (*opt_ref || !io_open(&view->io, "%s%s", opt_cdup, opt_file)) {
+               const char *blame_cat_file_argv[] = {
+                       "git", "cat-file", "blob", path, NULL
+               };
+
+               if (!string_format(path, "%s:%s", opt_ref, opt_file) ||
+                   !start_update(view, blame_cat_file_argv, opt_cdup))
                        return FALSE;
        }
 
+       /* First pass: remove multiple references to the same commit. */
+       for (i = 0; i < view->lines; i++) {
+               struct blame *blame = view->line[i].data;
+
+               if (blame->commit && blame->commit->id[0])
+                       blame->commit->id[0] = 0;
+               else
+                       blame->commit = NULL;
+       }
+
+       /* Second pass: free existing references. */
+       for (i = 0; i < view->lines; i++) {
+               struct blame *blame = view->line[i].data;
+
+               if (blame->commit)
+                       free(blame->commit);
+       }
+
        setup_update(view, opt_file);
        string_format(view->ref, "%s ...", opt_file);
 
@@ -4293,19 +5050,19 @@ static bool
 blame_read_file(struct view *view, const char *line, bool *read_file)
 {
        if (!line) {
-               const char **argv = *opt_ref ? blame_ref_argv : blame_head_argv;
-               struct io io = {};
+               const char *blame_argv[] = {
+                       "git", "blame", "--incremental",
+                               *opt_ref ? opt_ref : "--incremental", "--", opt_file, NULL
+               };
 
-               if (view->lines == 0 && !view->parent)
+               if (view->lines == 0 && !view->prev)
                        die("No blame exist for %s", view->vid);
 
-               if (view->lines == 0 || !run_io_rd(&io, argv, FORMAT_ALL)) {
+               if (view->lines == 0 || !start_update(view, blame_argv, opt_cdup)) {
                        report("Failed to load blame data");
                        return TRUE;
                }
 
-               done_io(view->pipe);
-               view->io = io;
                *read_file = FALSE;
                return FALSE;
 
@@ -4340,7 +5097,6 @@ blame_read(struct view *view, char *line)
 {
        static struct blame_commit *commit = NULL;
        static int blamed = 0;
-       static time_t author_time;
        static bool read_file = TRUE;
 
        if (read_file)
@@ -4365,20 +5121,23 @@ blame_read(struct view *view, char *line)
                              view->lines ? blamed * 100 / view->lines : 0);
 
        } else if (match_blame_header("author ", &line)) {
-               string_ncopy(commit->author, line, strlen(line));
+               commit->author = get_author(line);
 
        } else if (match_blame_header("author-time ", &line)) {
-               author_time = (time_t) atol(line);
+               parse_timesec(&commit->time, line);
 
        } else if (match_blame_header("author-tz ", &line)) {
-               parse_timezone(&author_time, line);
-               gmtime_r(&author_time, &commit->time);
+               parse_timezone(&commit->time, line);
 
        } else if (match_blame_header("summary ", &line)) {
                string_ncopy(commit->title, line, strlen(line));
 
        } else if (match_blame_header("previous ", &line)) {
-               commit->has_previous = TRUE;
+               if (strlen(line) <= SIZEOF_REV)
+                       return FALSE;
+               string_copy_rev(commit->parent_id, line);
+               line += SIZEOF_REV;
+               string_ncopy(commit->parent_filename, line, strlen(line));
 
        } else if (match_blame_header("filename ", &line)) {
                string_ncopy(commit->filename, line, strlen(line));
@@ -4392,9 +5151,8 @@ static bool
 blame_draw(struct view *view, struct line *line, unsigned int lineno)
 {
        struct blame *blame = line->data;
-       struct tm *time = NULL;
+       struct time *time = NULL;
        const char *id = NULL, *author = NULL;
-       char text[SIZEOF_STR];
 
        if (blame->commit && *blame->commit->filename) {
                id = blame->commit->id;
@@ -4414,8 +5172,7 @@ blame_draw(struct view *view, struct line *line, unsigned int lineno)
        if (draw_lineno(view, lineno))
                return TRUE;
 
-       string_expand(text, sizeof(text), blame->text, opt_tab_size);
-       draw_text(view, LINE_DEFAULT, text, TRUE);
+       draw_text(view, LINE_DEFAULT, blame->text, TRUE);
        return TRUE;
 }
 
@@ -4434,16 +5191,20 @@ check_blame_commit(struct blame *blame, bool check_null_id)
 static void
 setup_blame_parent_line(struct view *view, struct blame *blame)
 {
+       char from[SIZEOF_REF + SIZEOF_STR];
+       char to[SIZEOF_REF + SIZEOF_STR];
        const char *diff_tree_argv[] = {
-               "git", "diff-tree", "-U0", blame->commit->id,
-                       "--", blame->commit->filename, NULL
+               "git", "diff", "--no-textconv", "--no-extdiff", "--no-color",
+                       "-U0", from, to, "--", NULL
        };
-       struct io io = {};
+       struct io io;
        int parent_lineno = -1;
        int blamed_lineno = -1;
        char *line;
 
-       if (!run_io(&io, diff_tree_argv, NULL, IO_RD))
+       if (!string_format(from, "%s:%s", opt_ref, opt_file) ||
+           !string_format(to, "%s:%s", blame->commit->id, blame->commit->filename) ||
+           !io_run(&io, IO_RD, NULL, diff_tree_argv))
                return;
 
        while ((line = io_get(&io, '\n', TRUE))) {
@@ -4463,130 +5224,325 @@ setup_blame_parent_line(struct view *view, struct blame *blame)
                        blamed_lineno++;
                }
        }
-
-       done_io(&io);
+
+       io_done(&io);
+}
+
+static enum request
+blame_request(struct view *view, enum request request, struct line *line)
+{
+       enum open_flags flags = view_is_displayed(view) ? OPEN_SPLIT : OPEN_DEFAULT;
+       struct blame *blame = line->data;
+
+       switch (request) {
+       case REQ_VIEW_BLAME:
+               if (check_blame_commit(blame, TRUE)) {
+                       string_copy(opt_ref, blame->commit->id);
+                       string_copy(opt_file, blame->commit->filename);
+                       if (blame->lineno)
+                               view->lineno = blame->lineno;
+                       open_view(view, REQ_VIEW_BLAME, OPEN_REFRESH);
+               }
+               break;
+
+       case REQ_PARENT:
+               if (!check_blame_commit(blame, TRUE))
+                       break;
+               if (!*blame->commit->parent_id) {
+                       report("The selected commit has no parents");
+               } else {
+                       string_copy_rev(opt_ref, blame->commit->parent_id);
+                       string_copy(opt_file, blame->commit->parent_filename);
+                       setup_blame_parent_line(view, blame);
+                       open_view(view, REQ_VIEW_BLAME, OPEN_REFRESH);
+               }
+               break;
+
+       case REQ_ENTER:
+               if (!check_blame_commit(blame, FALSE))
+                       break;
+
+               if (view_is_displayed(VIEW(REQ_VIEW_DIFF)) &&
+                   !strcmp(blame->commit->id, VIEW(REQ_VIEW_DIFF)->ref))
+                       break;
+
+               if (!strcmp(blame->commit->id, NULL_ID)) {
+                       struct view *diff = VIEW(REQ_VIEW_DIFF);
+                       const char *diff_index_argv[] = {
+                               "git", "diff-index", "--root", "--patch-with-stat",
+                                       "-C", "-M", "HEAD", "--", view->vid, NULL
+                       };
+
+                       if (!*blame->commit->parent_id) {
+                               diff_index_argv[1] = "diff";
+                               diff_index_argv[2] = "--no-color";
+                               diff_index_argv[6] = "--";
+                               diff_index_argv[7] = "/dev/null";
+                       }
+
+                       if (!prepare_update(diff, diff_index_argv, NULL)) {
+                               report("Failed to allocate diff command");
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       flags |= OPEN_PREPARED;
+               }
+
+               open_view(view, REQ_VIEW_DIFF, flags);
+               if (VIEW(REQ_VIEW_DIFF)->pipe && !strcmp(blame->commit->id, NULL_ID))
+                       string_copy_rev(VIEW(REQ_VIEW_DIFF)->ref, NULL_ID);
+               break;
+
+       default:
+               return request;
+       }
+
+       return REQ_NONE;
+}
+
+static bool
+blame_grep(struct view *view, struct line *line)
+{
+       struct blame *blame = line->data;
+       struct blame_commit *commit = blame->commit;
+       const char *text[] = {
+               blame->text,
+               commit ? commit->title : "",
+               commit ? commit->id : "",
+               commit && opt_author ? commit->author : "",
+               commit ? mkdate(&commit->time, opt_date) : "",
+               NULL
+       };
+
+       return grep_text(view, text);
+}
+
+static void
+blame_select(struct view *view, struct line *line)
+{
+       struct blame *blame = line->data;
+       struct blame_commit *commit = blame->commit;
+
+       if (!commit)
+               return;
+
+       if (!strcmp(commit->id, NULL_ID))
+               string_ncopy(ref_commit, "HEAD", 4);
+       else
+               string_copy_rev(ref_commit, commit->id);
+}
+
+static struct view_ops blame_ops = {
+       "line",
+       NULL,
+       blame_open,
+       blame_read,
+       blame_draw,
+       blame_request,
+       blame_grep,
+       blame_select,
+};
+
+/*
+ * Branch backend
+ */
+
+struct branch {
+       const char *author;             /* Author of the last commit. */
+       struct time time;               /* Date of the last activity. */
+       const struct ref *ref;          /* Name and commit ID information. */
+};
+
+static const struct ref branch_all;
+
+static const enum sort_field branch_sort_fields[] = {
+       ORDERBY_NAME, ORDERBY_DATE, ORDERBY_AUTHOR
+};
+static struct sort_state branch_sort_state = SORT_STATE(branch_sort_fields);
+
+static int
+branch_compare(const void *l1, const void *l2)
+{
+       const struct branch *branch1 = ((const struct line *) l1)->data;
+       const struct branch *branch2 = ((const struct line *) l2)->data;
+
+       switch (get_sort_field(branch_sort_state)) {
+       case ORDERBY_DATE:
+               return sort_order(branch_sort_state, timecmp(&branch1->time, &branch2->time));
+
+       case ORDERBY_AUTHOR:
+               return sort_order(branch_sort_state, strcmp(branch1->author, branch2->author));
+
+       case ORDERBY_NAME:
+       default:
+               return sort_order(branch_sort_state, strcmp(branch1->ref->name, branch2->ref->name));
+       }
+}
+
+static bool
+branch_draw(struct view *view, struct line *line, unsigned int lineno)
+{
+       struct branch *branch = line->data;
+       enum line_type type = branch->ref->head ? LINE_MAIN_HEAD : LINE_DEFAULT;
+
+       if (opt_date && draw_date(view, &branch->time))
+               return TRUE;
+
+       if (opt_author && draw_author(view, branch->author))
+               return TRUE;
+
+       draw_text(view, type, branch->ref == &branch_all ? "All branches" : branch->ref->name, TRUE);
+       return TRUE;
+}
+
+static enum request
+branch_request(struct view *view, enum request request, struct line *line)
+{
+       struct branch *branch = line->data;
+
+       switch (request) {
+       case REQ_REFRESH:
+               load_refs();
+               open_view(view, REQ_VIEW_BRANCH, OPEN_REFRESH);
+               return REQ_NONE;
+
+       case REQ_TOGGLE_SORT_FIELD:
+       case REQ_TOGGLE_SORT_ORDER:
+               sort_view(view, request, &branch_sort_state, branch_compare);
+               return REQ_NONE;
+
+       case REQ_ENTER:
+       {
+               const struct ref *ref = branch->ref;
+               const char *all_branches_argv[] = {
+                       "git", "log", "--no-color", "--pretty=raw", "--parents",
+                             "--topo-order",
+                             ref == &branch_all ? "--all" : ref->name, NULL
+               };
+               struct view *main_view = VIEW(REQ_VIEW_MAIN);
+
+               if (!prepare_update(main_view, all_branches_argv, NULL))
+                       report("Failed to load view of all branches");
+               else
+                       open_view(view, REQ_VIEW_MAIN, OPEN_PREPARED | OPEN_SPLIT);
+               return REQ_NONE;
+       }
+       default:
+               return request;
+       }
 }
 
-static enum request
-blame_request(struct view *view, enum request request, struct line *line)
+static bool
+branch_read(struct view *view, char *line)
 {
-       enum open_flags flags = display[0] == view ? OPEN_SPLIT : OPEN_DEFAULT;
-       struct blame *blame = line->data;
-
-       switch (request) {
-       case REQ_VIEW_BLAME:
-               if (check_blame_commit(blame, TRUE)) {
-                       string_copy(opt_ref, blame->commit->id);
-                       string_copy(opt_file, blame->commit->filename);
-                       if (blame->lineno)
-                               view->lineno = blame->lineno;
-                       open_view(view, REQ_VIEW_BLAME, OPEN_REFRESH);
-               }
-               break;
+       static char id[SIZEOF_REV];
+       struct branch *reference;
+       size_t i;
 
-       case REQ_PARENT:
-               if (check_blame_commit(blame, TRUE) &&
-                   select_commit_parent(blame->commit->id, opt_ref,
-                                        blame->commit->filename)) {
-                       string_copy(opt_file, blame->commit->filename);
-                       setup_blame_parent_line(view, blame);
-                       open_view(view, REQ_VIEW_BLAME, OPEN_REFRESH);
-               }
-               break;
+       if (!line)
+               return TRUE;
 
-       case REQ_ENTER:
-               if (!check_blame_commit(blame, FALSE))
-                       break;
+       switch (get_line_type(line)) {
+       case LINE_COMMIT:
+               string_copy_rev(id, line + STRING_SIZE("commit "));
+               return TRUE;
 
-               if (view_is_displayed(VIEW(REQ_VIEW_DIFF)) &&
-                   !strcmp(blame->commit->id, VIEW(REQ_VIEW_DIFF)->ref))
-                       break;
+       case LINE_AUTHOR:
+               for (i = 0, reference = NULL; i < view->lines; i++) {
+                       struct branch *branch = view->line[i].data;
 
-               if (!strcmp(blame->commit->id, NULL_ID)) {
-                       struct view *diff = VIEW(REQ_VIEW_DIFF);
-                       const char *diff_index_argv[] = {
-                               "git", "diff-index", "--root", "--patch-with-stat",
-                                       "-C", "-M", "HEAD", "--", view->vid, NULL
-                       };
+                       if (strcmp(branch->ref->id, id))
+                               continue;
 
-                       if (!blame->commit->has_previous) {
-                               diff_index_argv[1] = "diff";
-                               diff_index_argv[2] = "--no-color";
-                               diff_index_argv[6] = "--";
-                               diff_index_argv[7] = "/dev/null";
+                       view->line[i].dirty = TRUE;
+                       if (reference) {
+                               branch->author = reference->author;
+                               branch->time = reference->time;
+                               continue;
                        }
 
-                       if (!prepare_update(diff, diff_index_argv, NULL, FORMAT_DASH)) {
-                               report("Failed to allocate diff command");
-                               break;
-                       }
-                       flags |= OPEN_PREPARED;
+                       parse_author_line(line + STRING_SIZE("author "),
+                                         &branch->author, &branch->time);
+                       reference = branch;
                }
-
-               open_view(view, REQ_VIEW_DIFF, flags);
-               if (VIEW(REQ_VIEW_DIFF)->pipe && !strcmp(blame->commit->id, NULL_ID))
-                       string_copy_rev(VIEW(REQ_VIEW_DIFF)->ref, NULL_ID);
-               break;
+               return TRUE;
 
        default:
-               return request;
+               return TRUE;
        }
 
-       return REQ_NONE;
 }
 
 static bool
-blame_grep(struct view *view, struct line *line)
+branch_open_visitor(void *data, const struct ref *ref)
 {
-       struct blame *blame = line->data;
-       struct blame_commit *commit = blame->commit;
-       regmatch_t pmatch;
+       struct view *view = data;
+       struct branch *branch;
+
+       if (ref->tag || ref->ltag || ref->remote)
+               return TRUE;
 
-#define MATCH(text, on)                                                        \
-       (on && *text && regexec(view->regex, text, 1, &pmatch, 0) != REG_NOMATCH)
+       branch = calloc(1, sizeof(*branch));
+       if (!branch)
+               return FALSE;
 
-       if (commit) {
-               char buf[DATE_COLS + 1];
+       branch->ref = ref;
+       return !!add_line_data(view, branch, LINE_DEFAULT);
+}
 
-               if (MATCH(commit->title, 1) ||
-                   MATCH(commit->author, opt_author) ||
-                   MATCH(commit->id, opt_date))
-                       return TRUE;
+static bool
+branch_open(struct view *view)
+{
+       const char *branch_log[] = {
+               "git", "log", "--no-color", "--pretty=raw",
+                       "--simplify-by-decoration", "--all", NULL
+       };
 
-               if (strftime(buf, sizeof(buf), DATE_FORMAT, &commit->time) &&
-                   MATCH(buf, 1))
-                       return TRUE;
+       if (!start_update(view, branch_log, NULL)) {
+               report("Failed to load branch data");
+               return TRUE;
        }
 
-       return MATCH(blame->text, 1);
+       setup_update(view, view->id);
+       branch_open_visitor(view, &branch_all);
+       foreach_ref(branch_open_visitor, view);
+       view->p_restore = TRUE;
 
-#undef MATCH
+       return TRUE;
 }
 
-static void
-blame_select(struct view *view, struct line *line)
+static bool
+branch_grep(struct view *view, struct line *line)
 {
-       struct blame *blame = line->data;
-       struct blame_commit *commit = blame->commit;
+       struct branch *branch = line->data;
+       const char *text[] = {
+               branch->ref->name,
+               branch->author,
+               NULL
+       };
 
-       if (!commit)
-               return;
+       return grep_text(view, text);
+}
 
-       if (!strcmp(commit->id, NULL_ID))
-               string_ncopy(ref_commit, "HEAD", 4);
-       else
-               string_copy_rev(ref_commit, commit->id);
+static void
+branch_select(struct view *view, struct line *line)
+{
+       struct branch *branch = line->data;
+
+       string_copy_rev(view->ref, branch->ref->id);
+       string_copy_rev(ref_commit, branch->ref->id);
+       string_copy_rev(ref_head, branch->ref->id);
+       string_copy_rev(ref_branch, branch->ref->name);
 }
 
-static struct view_ops blame_ops = {
-       "line",
+static struct view_ops branch_ops = {
+       "branch",
        NULL,
-       blame_open,
-       blame_read,
-       blame_draw,
-       blame_request,
-       blame_grep,
-       blame_select,
+       branch_open,
+       branch_read,
+       branch_draw,
+       branch_request,
+       branch_grep,
+       branch_select,
 };
 
 /*
@@ -4613,6 +5569,8 @@ static enum line_type stage_line_type;
 static size_t stage_chunks;
 static int *stage_chunk;
 
+DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(realloc_ints, int, 32)
+
 /* This should work even for the "On branch" line. */
 static inline bool
 status_has_none(struct view *view, struct line *line)
@@ -4658,9 +5616,9 @@ status_run(struct view *view, const char *argv[], char status, enum line_type ty
 {
        struct status *unmerged = NULL;
        char *buf;
-       struct io io = {};
+       struct io io;
 
-       if (!run_io(&io, argv, NULL, IO_RD))
+       if (!io_run(&io, IO_RD, opt_cdup, argv))
                return FALSE;
 
        add_line_data(view, NULL, type);
@@ -4719,14 +5677,14 @@ status_run(struct view *view, const char *argv[], char status, enum line_type ty
 
        if (io_error(&io)) {
 error_out:
-               done_io(&io);
+               io_done(&io);
                return FALSE;
        }
 
        if (!view->line[view->lines - 1].data)
                add_line_data(view, NULL, LINE_STAT_NONE);
 
-       done_io(&io);
+       io_done(&io);
        return TRUE;
 }
 
@@ -4741,7 +5699,7 @@ static const char *status_diff_files_argv[] = {
 };
 
 static const char *status_list_other_argv[] = {
-       "git", "ls-files", "-z", "--others", "--exclude-standard", NULL
+       "git", "ls-files", "-z", "--others", "--exclude-standard", opt_prefix, NULL, NULL,
 };
 
 static const char *status_list_no_head_argv[] = {
@@ -4808,12 +5766,11 @@ status_update_onbranch(void)
                        continue;
 
                if (!*opt_head) {
-                       struct io io = {};
+                       struct io io;
 
-                       if (string_format(buf, "%s/rebase-merge/head-name", opt_git_dir) &&
-                           io_open(&io, buf) &&
+                       if (io_open(&io, "%s/rebase-merge/head-name", opt_git_dir) &&
                            io_read_buf(&io, buf, sizeof(buf))) {
-                               head = chomp_string(buf);
+                               head = buf;
                                if (!prefixcmp(head, "refs/heads/"))
                                        head += STRING_SIZE("refs/heads/");
                        }
@@ -4838,7 +5795,7 @@ status_open(struct view *view)
        add_line_data(view, NULL, LINE_STAT_HEAD);
        status_update_onbranch();
 
-       run_io_bg(update_index_argv);
+       io_run_bg(update_index_argv);
 
        if (is_initial_commit()) {
                if (!status_run(view, status_list_no_head_argv, 'A', LINE_STAT_STAGED))
@@ -4847,6 +5804,9 @@ status_open(struct view *view)
                return FALSE;
        }
 
+       if (!opt_untracked_dirs_content)
+               status_list_other_argv[ARRAY_SIZE(status_list_other_argv) - 2] = "--directory";
+
        if (!status_run(view, status_diff_files_argv, 0, LINE_STAT_UNSTAGED) ||
            !status_run(view, status_list_other_argv, '?', LINE_STAT_UNTRACKED))
                return FALSE;
@@ -4944,7 +5904,7 @@ status_enter(struct view *view, struct line *line)
                                        "--", "/dev/null", newpath, NULL
                        };
 
-                       if (!prepare_update(stage, no_head_diff_argv, opt_cdup, FORMAT_DASH))
+                       if (!prepare_update(stage, no_head_diff_argv, opt_cdup))
                                return status_load_error(view, stage, newpath);
                } else {
                        const char *index_show_argv[] = {
@@ -4953,7 +5913,7 @@ status_enter(struct view *view, struct line *line)
                                        oldpath, newpath, NULL
                        };
 
-                       if (!prepare_update(stage, index_show_argv, opt_cdup, FORMAT_DASH))
+                       if (!prepare_update(stage, index_show_argv, opt_cdup))
                                return status_load_error(view, stage, newpath);
                }
 
@@ -4970,7 +5930,7 @@ status_enter(struct view *view, struct line *line)
                                "-C", "-M", "--", oldpath, newpath, NULL
                };
 
-               if (!prepare_update(stage, files_show_argv, opt_cdup, FORMAT_DASH))
+               if (!prepare_update(stage, files_show_argv, opt_cdup))
                        return status_load_error(view, stage, newpath);
                if (status)
                        info = "Unstaged changes to %s";
@@ -5001,7 +5961,7 @@ status_enter(struct view *view, struct line *line)
                die("line type %d not handled in switch", line->type);
        }
 
-       split = view_is_displayed(view) ? OPEN_SPLIT : 0;
+       split = view_is_displayed(view) ? OPEN_SPLIT : OPEN_DEFAULT;
        open_view(view, REQ_VIEW_STAGE, OPEN_PREPARED | split);
        if (view_is_displayed(VIEW(REQ_VIEW_STAGE))) {
                if (status) {
@@ -5056,13 +6016,11 @@ status_update_prepare(struct io *io, enum line_type type)
 
        switch (type) {
        case LINE_STAT_STAGED:
-               return run_io(io, staged_argv, opt_cdup, IO_WR);
+               return io_run(io, IO_WR, opt_cdup, staged_argv);
 
        case LINE_STAT_UNSTAGED:
-               return run_io(io, others_argv, opt_cdup, IO_WR);
-
        case LINE_STAT_UNTRACKED:
-               return run_io(io, others_argv, NULL, IO_WR);
+               return io_run(io, IO_WR, opt_cdup, others_argv);
 
        default:
                die("line type %d not handled in switch", type);
@@ -5101,26 +6059,26 @@ status_update_write(struct io *io, struct status *status, enum line_type type)
 static bool
 status_update_file(struct status *status, enum line_type type)
 {
-       struct io io = {};
+       struct io io;
        bool result;
 
        if (!status_update_prepare(&io, type))
                return FALSE;
 
        result = status_update_write(&io, status, type);
-       return done_io(&io) && result;
+       return io_done(&io) && result;
 }
 
 static bool
 status_update_files(struct view *view, struct line *line)
 {
        char buf[sizeof(view->ref)];
-       struct io io = {};
+       struct io io;
        bool result = TRUE;
        struct line *pos = view->line + view->lines;
        int files = 0;
        int file, done;
-       int cursor_y, cursor_x;
+       int cursor_y = -1, cursor_x = -1;
 
        if (!status_update_prepare(&io, line->type))
                return FALSE;
@@ -5145,7 +6103,7 @@ status_update_files(struct view *view, struct line *line)
        }
        string_copy(view->ref, buf);
 
-       return done_io(&io) && result;
+       return io_done(&io) && result;
 }
 
 static bool
@@ -5188,9 +6146,8 @@ status_revert(struct status *status, enum line_type type, bool has_none)
                } else {
                        report("Cannot revert changes to multiple files");
                }
-               return FALSE;
 
-       } else {
+       } else if (prompt_yesno("Are you sure you want to revert changes?")) {
                char mode[10] = "100644";
                const char *reset_argv[] = {
                        "git", "update-index", "--cacheinfo", mode,
@@ -5200,12 +6157,25 @@ status_revert(struct status *status, enum line_type type, bool has_none)
                        "git", "checkout", "--", status->old.name, NULL
                };
 
-               if (!prompt_yesno("Are you sure you want to overwrite any changes?"))
-                       return FALSE;
-               string_format(mode, "%o", status->old.mode);
-               return (status->status != 'U' || run_io_fg(reset_argv, opt_cdup)) &&
-                       run_io_fg(checkout_argv, opt_cdup);
+               if (status->status == 'U') {
+                       string_format(mode, "%5o", status->old.mode);
+
+                       if (status->old.mode == 0 && status->new.mode == 0) {
+                               reset_argv[2] = "--force-remove";
+                               reset_argv[3] = status->old.name;
+                               reset_argv[4] = NULL;
+                       }
+
+                       if (!io_run_fg(reset_argv, opt_cdup))
+                               return FALSE;
+                       if (status->old.mode == 0 && status->new.mode == 0)
+                               return TRUE;
+               }
+
+               return io_run_fg(checkout_argv, opt_cdup);
        }
+
+       return FALSE;
 }
 
 static enum request
@@ -5240,14 +6210,12 @@ status_request(struct view *view, enum request request, struct line *line)
                        return REQ_NONE;
                }
 
-               open_editor(status->status != '?', status->new.name);
+               open_editor(status->new.name);
                break;
 
        case REQ_VIEW_BLAME:
-               if (status) {
-                       string_copy(opt_file, status->new.name);
+               if (status)
                        opt_ref[0] = 0;
-               }
                return request;
 
        case REQ_ENTER:
@@ -5307,42 +6275,27 @@ status_select(struct view *view, struct line *line)
 
        if (status && status->status == 'U') {
                text = "Press %s to resolve conflict in %s";
-               key = get_key(REQ_STATUS_MERGE);
+               key = get_key(KEYMAP_STATUS, REQ_STATUS_MERGE);
 
        } else {
-               key = get_key(REQ_STATUS_UPDATE);
+               key = get_key(KEYMAP_STATUS, REQ_STATUS_UPDATE);
        }
 
        string_format(view->ref, text, key, file);
+       if (status)
+               string_copy(opt_file, status->new.name);
 }
 
 static bool
 status_grep(struct view *view, struct line *line)
 {
        struct status *status = line->data;
-       enum { S_STATUS, S_NAME, S_END } state;
-       char buf[2] = "?";
-       regmatch_t pmatch;
 
-       if (!status)
-               return FALSE;
-
-       for (state = S_STATUS; state < S_END; state++) {
-               const char *text;
-
-               switch (state) {
-               case S_NAME:    text = status->new.name;        break;
-               case S_STATUS:
-                       buf[0] = status->status;
-                       text = buf;
-                       break;
-
-               default:
-                       return FALSE;
-               }
+       if (status) {
+               const char buf[2] = { status->status, 0 };
+               const char *text[] = { status->new.name, buf, NULL };
 
-               if (regexec(view->regex, text, 1, &pmatch, 0) != REG_NOMATCH)
-                       return TRUE;
+               return grep_text(view, text);
        }
 
        return FALSE;
@@ -5393,7 +6346,7 @@ stage_apply_chunk(struct view *view, struct line *chunk, bool revert)
                "git", "apply", "--whitespace=nowarn", NULL
        };
        struct line *diff_hdr;
-       struct io io = {};
+       struct io io;
        int argc = 3;
 
        diff_hdr = stage_diff_find(view, chunk, LINE_DIFF_HEADER);
@@ -5406,15 +6359,15 @@ stage_apply_chunk(struct view *view, struct line *chunk, bool revert)
                apply_argv[argc++] = "-R";
        apply_argv[argc++] = "-";
        apply_argv[argc++] = NULL;
-       if (!run_io(&io, apply_argv, opt_cdup, IO_WR))
+       if (!io_run(&io, IO_WR, opt_cdup, apply_argv))
                return FALSE;
 
        if (!stage_diff_write(&io, diff_hdr, chunk) ||
            !stage_diff_write(&io, chunk, view->line + view->lines))
                chunk = NULL;
 
-       done_io(&io);
-       run_io_bg(update_index_argv);
+       io_done(&io);
+       io_run_bg(update_index_argv);
 
        return chunk ? TRUE : FALSE;
 }
@@ -5484,21 +6437,15 @@ stage_next(struct view *view, struct line *line)
        int i;
 
        if (!stage_chunks) {
-               static size_t alloc = 0;
-               int *tmp;
-
                for (line = view->line; line < view->line + view->lines; line++) {
                        if (line->type != LINE_DIFF_CHUNK)
                                continue;
 
-                       tmp = realloc_items(stage_chunk, &alloc,
-                                           stage_chunks, sizeof(*tmp));
-                       if (!tmp) {
+                       if (!realloc_ints(&stage_chunk, stage_chunks, 1)) {
                                report("Allocation failure");
                                return;
                        }
 
-                       stage_chunk = tmp;
                        stage_chunk[stage_chunks++] = line - view->line;
                }
        }
@@ -5531,7 +6478,7 @@ stage_request(struct view *view, enum request request, struct line *line)
        case REQ_STAGE_NEXT:
                if (stage_line_type == LINE_STAT_UNTRACKED) {
                        report("File is untracked; press %s to add",
-                              get_key(REQ_STATUS_UPDATE));
+                              get_key(KEYMAP_STAGE, REQ_STATUS_UPDATE));
                        return REQ_NONE;
                }
                stage_next(view, line);
@@ -5545,7 +6492,7 @@ stage_request(struct view *view, enum request request, struct line *line)
                        return REQ_NONE;
                }
 
-               open_editor(stage_status.status != '?', stage_status.new.name);
+               open_editor(stage_status.new.name);
                break;
 
        case REQ_REFRESH:
@@ -5611,9 +6558,9 @@ static struct view_ops stage_ops = {
 struct commit {
        char id[SIZEOF_REV];            /* SHA1 ID. */
        char title[128];                /* First line of the commit message. */
-       char author[75];                /* Author of the commit. */
-       struct tm time;                 /* Date from the author ident. */
-       struct ref **refs;              /* Repository references. */
+       const char *author;             /* Author of the commit. */
+       struct time time;               /* Date from the author ident. */
+       struct ref_list *refs;          /* Repository references. */
        chtype graph[SIZEOF_REVGRAPH];  /* Ancestry chain graphics. */
        size_t graph_size;              /* The width of the graph array. */
        bool has_parents;               /* Rewritten --parents seen. */
@@ -5739,9 +6686,7 @@ draw_rev_graph(struct rev_graph *graph)
        struct rev_filler *filler;
        size_t i;
 
-       if (opt_line_graphics)
-               fillers[DEFAULT].line = line_graphics[LINE_GRAPHIC_VLINE];
-
+       fillers[DEFAULT].line = opt_line_graphics ? ACS_VLINE : '|';
        filler = &fillers[DEFAULT];
 
        for (i = 0; i < graph->pos; i++) {
@@ -5830,7 +6775,8 @@ update_rev_graph(struct view *view, struct rev_graph *graph)
 
 static const char *main_argv[SIZEOF_ARG] = {
        "git", "log", "--no-color", "--pretty=raw", "--parents",
-                     "--topo-order", "%(head)", NULL
+               "--topo-order", "%(diffargs)", "%(revargs)",
+               "--", "%(fileargs)", NULL
 };
 
 static bool
@@ -5838,7 +6784,7 @@ main_draw(struct view *view, struct line *line, unsigned int lineno)
 {
        struct commit *commit = line->data;
 
-       if (!*commit->author)
+       if (!commit->author)
                return FALSE;
 
        if (opt_date && draw_date(view, &commit->time))
@@ -5852,32 +6798,33 @@ main_draw(struct view *view, struct line *line, unsigned int lineno)
                return TRUE;
 
        if (opt_show_refs && commit->refs) {
-               size_t i = 0;
+               size_t i;
 
-               do {
+               for (i = 0; i < commit->refs->size; i++) {
+                       struct ref *ref = commit->refs->refs[i];
                        enum line_type type;
 
-                       if (commit->refs[i]->head)
+                       if (ref->head)
                                type = LINE_MAIN_HEAD;
-                       else if (commit->refs[i]->ltag)
+                       else if (ref->ltag)
                                type = LINE_MAIN_LOCAL_TAG;
-                       else if (commit->refs[i]->tag)
+                       else if (ref->tag)
                                type = LINE_MAIN_TAG;
-                       else if (commit->refs[i]->tracked)
+                       else if (ref->tracked)
                                type = LINE_MAIN_TRACKED;
-                       else if (commit->refs[i]->remote)
+                       else if (ref->remote)
                                type = LINE_MAIN_REMOTE;
                        else
                                type = LINE_MAIN_REF;
 
                        if (draw_text(view, type, "[", TRUE) ||
-                           draw_text(view, type, commit->refs[i]->name, TRUE) ||
+                           draw_text(view, type, ref->name, TRUE) ||
                            draw_text(view, type, "]", TRUE))
                                return TRUE;
 
                        if (draw_text(view, LINE_DEFAULT, " ", TRUE))
                                return TRUE;
-               } while (commit->refs[i++]->next);
+               }
        }
 
        draw_text(view, LINE_DEFAULT, commit->title, TRUE);
@@ -5895,12 +6842,12 @@ main_read(struct view *view, char *line)
        if (!line) {
                int i;
 
-               if (!view->lines && !view->parent)
+               if (!view->lines && !view->prev)
                        die("No revisions match the given arguments.");
                if (view->lines > 0) {
                        commit = view->line[view->lines - 1].data;
                        view->line[view->lines - 1].dirty = 1;
-                       if (!*commit->author) {
+                       if (!commit->author) {
                                view->lines--;
                                free(commit);
                                graph->commit = NULL;
@@ -5926,7 +6873,7 @@ main_read(struct view *view, char *line)
                }
 
                string_copy_rev(commit->id, line);
-               commit->refs = get_refs(commit->id);
+               commit->refs = get_ref_list(commit->id);
                graph->commit = commit;
                add_line_data(view, commit, LINE_MAIN_COMMIT);
 
@@ -5951,8 +6898,7 @@ main_read(struct view *view, char *line)
 
        case LINE_AUTHOR:
                parse_author_line(line + STRING_SIZE("author "),
-                                 commit->author, sizeof(commit->author),
-                                 &commit->time);
+                                 &commit->author, &commit->time);
                update_rev_graph(view, graph);
                graph = graph->next;
                break;
@@ -5980,260 +6926,82 @@ main_read(struct view *view, char *line)
                view->line[view->lines - 1].dirty = 1;
        }
 
-       return TRUE;
-}
-
-static enum request
-main_request(struct view *view, enum request request, struct line *line)
-{
-       enum open_flags flags = display[0] == view ? OPEN_SPLIT : OPEN_DEFAULT;
-
-       switch (request) {
-       case REQ_ENTER:
-               open_view(view, REQ_VIEW_DIFF, flags);
-               break;
-       case REQ_REFRESH:
-               load_refs();
-               open_view(view, REQ_VIEW_MAIN, OPEN_REFRESH);
-               break;
-       default:
-               return request;
-       }
-
-       return REQ_NONE;
-}
-
-static bool
-grep_refs(struct ref **refs, regex_t *regex)
-{
-       regmatch_t pmatch;
-       size_t i = 0;
-
-       if (!refs)
-               return FALSE;
-       do {
-               if (regexec(regex, refs[i]->name, 1, &pmatch, 0) != REG_NOMATCH)
-                       return TRUE;
-       } while (refs[i++]->next);
-
-       return FALSE;
-}
-
-static bool
-main_grep(struct view *view, struct line *line)
-{
-       struct commit *commit = line->data;
-       enum { S_TITLE, S_AUTHOR, S_DATE, S_REFS, S_END } state;
-       char buf[DATE_COLS + 1];
-       regmatch_t pmatch;
-
-       for (state = S_TITLE; state < S_END; state++) {
-               char *text;
-
-               switch (state) {
-               case S_TITLE:   text = commit->title;   break;
-               case S_AUTHOR:
-                       if (!opt_author)
-                               continue;
-                       text = commit->author;
-                       break;
-               case S_DATE:
-                       if (!opt_date)
-                               continue;
-                       if (!strftime(buf, sizeof(buf), DATE_FORMAT, &commit->time))
-                               continue;
-                       text = buf;
-                       break;
-               case S_REFS:
-                       if (!opt_show_refs)
-                               continue;
-                       if (grep_refs(commit->refs, view->regex) == TRUE)
-                               return TRUE;
-                       continue;
-               default:
-                       return FALSE;
-               }
-
-               if (regexec(view->regex, text, 1, &pmatch, 0) != REG_NOMATCH)
-                       return TRUE;
-       }
-
-       return FALSE;
-}
-
-static void
-main_select(struct view *view, struct line *line)
-{
-       struct commit *commit = line->data;
-
-       string_copy_rev(view->ref, commit->id);
-       string_copy_rev(ref_commit, view->ref);
-}
-
-static struct view_ops main_ops = {
-       "commit",
-       main_argv,
-       NULL,
-       main_read,
-       main_draw,
-       main_request,
-       main_grep,
-       main_select,
-};
-
-
-/*
- * Unicode / UTF-8 handling
- *
- * NOTE: Much of the following code for dealing with Unicode is derived from
- * ELinks' UTF-8 code developed by Scrool <scroolik@gmail.com>. Origin file is
- * src/intl/charset.c from the UTF-8 branch commit elinks-0.11.0-g31f2c28.
- */
-
-static inline int
-unicode_width(unsigned long c)
-{
-       if (c >= 0x1100 &&
-          (c <= 0x115f                         /* Hangul Jamo */
-           || c == 0x2329
-           || c == 0x232a
-           || (c >= 0x2e80  && c <= 0xa4cf && c != 0x303f)
-                                               /* CJK ... Yi */
-           || (c >= 0xac00  && c <= 0xd7a3)    /* Hangul Syllables */
-           || (c >= 0xf900  && c <= 0xfaff)    /* CJK Compatibility Ideographs */
-           || (c >= 0xfe30  && c <= 0xfe6f)    /* CJK Compatibility Forms */
-           || (c >= 0xff00  && c <= 0xff60)    /* Fullwidth Forms */
-           || (c >= 0xffe0  && c <= 0xffe6)
-           || (c >= 0x20000 && c <= 0x2fffd)
-           || (c >= 0x30000 && c <= 0x3fffd)))
-               return 2;
-
-       if (c == '\t')
-               return opt_tab_size;
-
-       return 1;
-}
-
-/* Number of bytes used for encoding a UTF-8 character indexed by first byte.
- * Illegal bytes are set one. */
-static const unsigned char utf8_bytes[256] = {
-       1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
-       1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
-       1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
-       1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
-       1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
-       1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
-       2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2, 2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2, 2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2, 2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,
-       3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3, 3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3, 4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4, 5,5,5,5,6,6,1,1,
-};
-
-/* Decode UTF-8 multi-byte representation into a Unicode character. */
-static inline unsigned long
-utf8_to_unicode(const char *string, size_t length)
+       return TRUE;
+}
+
+static enum request
+main_request(struct view *view, enum request request, struct line *line)
 {
-       unsigned long unicode;
+       enum open_flags flags = view_is_displayed(view) ? OPEN_SPLIT : OPEN_DEFAULT;
 
-       switch (length) {
-       case 1:
-               unicode  =   string[0];
-               break;
-       case 2:
-               unicode  =  (string[0] & 0x1f) << 6;
-               unicode +=  (string[1] & 0x3f);
-               break;
-       case 3:
-               unicode  =  (string[0] & 0x0f) << 12;
-               unicode += ((string[1] & 0x3f) << 6);
-               unicode +=  (string[2] & 0x3f);
-               break;
-       case 4:
-               unicode  =  (string[0] & 0x0f) << 18;
-               unicode += ((string[1] & 0x3f) << 12);
-               unicode += ((string[2] & 0x3f) << 6);
-               unicode +=  (string[3] & 0x3f);
-               break;
-       case 5:
-               unicode  =  (string[0] & 0x0f) << 24;
-               unicode += ((string[1] & 0x3f) << 18);
-               unicode += ((string[2] & 0x3f) << 12);
-               unicode += ((string[3] & 0x3f) << 6);
-               unicode +=  (string[4] & 0x3f);
+       switch (request) {
+       case REQ_ENTER:
+               if (view_is_displayed(view) && display[0] != view)
+                       maximize_view(view);
+               open_view(view, REQ_VIEW_DIFF, flags);
                break;
-       case 6:
-               unicode  =  (string[0] & 0x01) << 30;
-               unicode += ((string[1] & 0x3f) << 24);
-               unicode += ((string[2] & 0x3f) << 18);
-               unicode += ((string[3] & 0x3f) << 12);
-               unicode += ((string[4] & 0x3f) << 6);
-               unicode +=  (string[5] & 0x3f);
+       case REQ_REFRESH:
+               load_refs();
+               open_view(view, REQ_VIEW_MAIN, OPEN_REFRESH);
                break;
        default:
-               die("Invalid Unicode length");
+               return request;
        }
 
-       /* Invalid characters could return the special 0xfffd value but NUL
-        * should be just as good. */
-       return unicode > 0xffff ? 0 : unicode;
+       return REQ_NONE;
 }
 
-/* Calculates how much of string can be shown within the given maximum width
- * and sets trimmed parameter to non-zero value if all of string could not be
- * shown. If the reserve flag is TRUE, it will reserve at least one
- * trailing character, which can be useful when drawing a delimiter.
- *
- * Returns the number of bytes to output from string to satisfy max_width. */
-static size_t
-utf8_length(const char **start, size_t skip, int *width, size_t max_width, int *trimmed, bool reserve)
+static bool
+grep_refs(struct ref_list *list, regex_t *regex)
 {
-       const char *string = *start;
-       const char *end = strchr(string, '\0');
-       unsigned char last_bytes = 0;
-       size_t last_ucwidth = 0;
-
-       *width = 0;
-       *trimmed = 0;
+       regmatch_t pmatch;
+       size_t i;
 
-       while (string < end) {
-               int c = *(unsigned char *) string;
-               unsigned char bytes = utf8_bytes[c];
-               size_t ucwidth;
-               unsigned long unicode;
+       if (!opt_show_refs || !list)
+               return FALSE;
 
-               if (string + bytes > end)
-                       break;
+       for (i = 0; i < list->size; i++) {
+               if (regexec(regex, list->refs[i]->name, 1, &pmatch, 0) != REG_NOMATCH)
+                       return TRUE;
+       }
 
-               /* Change representation to figure out whether
-                * it is a single- or double-width character. */
+       return FALSE;
+}
 
-               unicode = utf8_to_unicode(string, bytes);
-               /* FIXME: Graceful handling of invalid Unicode character. */
-               if (!unicode)
-                       break;
+static bool
+main_grep(struct view *view, struct line *line)
+{
+       struct commit *commit = line->data;
+       const char *text[] = {
+               commit->title,
+               opt_author ? commit->author : "",
+               mkdate(&commit->time, opt_date),
+               NULL
+       };
 
-               ucwidth = unicode_width(unicode);
-               if (skip > 0) {
-                       skip -= ucwidth <= skip ? ucwidth : skip;
-                       *start += bytes;
-               }
-               *width  += ucwidth;
-               if (*width > max_width) {
-                       *trimmed = 1;
-                       *width -= ucwidth;
-                       if (reserve && *width == max_width) {
-                               string -= last_bytes;
-                               *width -= last_ucwidth;
-                       }
-                       break;
-               }
+       return grep_text(view, text) || grep_refs(commit->refs, view->regex);
+}
 
-               string  += bytes;
-               last_bytes = ucwidth ? bytes : 0;
-               last_ucwidth = ucwidth;
-       }
+static void
+main_select(struct view *view, struct line *line)
+{
+       struct commit *commit = line->data;
 
-       return string - *start;
+       string_copy_rev(view->ref, commit->id);
+       string_copy_rev(ref_commit, view->ref);
 }
 
+static struct view_ops main_ops = {
+       "commit",
+       main_argv,
+       NULL,
+       main_read,
+       main_draw,
+       main_request,
+       main_grep,
+       main_select,
+};
+
 
 /*
  * Status management
@@ -6301,17 +7069,6 @@ report(const char *msg, ...)
        update_view_title(view);
 }
 
-/* Controls when nodelay should be in effect when polling user input. */
-static void
-set_nonblocking_input(bool loading)
-{
-       static unsigned int loading_views;
-
-       if ((loading == FALSE && loading_views-- == 1) ||
-           (loading == TRUE  && loading_views++ == 0))
-               nodelay(status_win, loading);
-}
-
 static void
 init_display(void)
 {
@@ -6350,10 +7107,11 @@ init_display(void)
        keypad(status_win, TRUE);
        wbkgdset(status_win, get_line_attr(LINE_STATUS));
 
+#if defined(NCURSES_VERSION_PATCH) && (NCURSES_VERSION_PATCH >= 20080119)
+       set_tabsize(opt_tab_size);
+#else
        TABSIZE = opt_tab_size;
-       if (opt_line_graphics) {
-               line_graphics[LINE_GRAPHIC_VLINE] = ACS_VLINE;
-       }
+#endif
 
        term = getenv("XTERM_VERSION") ? NULL : getenv("COLORTERM");
        if (term && !strcmp(term, "gnome-terminal")) {
@@ -6387,12 +7145,16 @@ get_input(int prompt_position)
                input_mode = TRUE;
 
        while (TRUE) {
+               bool loading = FALSE;
+
                foreach_view (view, i) {
                        update_view(view);
                        if (view_is_displayed(view) && view->has_scrolled &&
                            use_scroll_redrawwin)
                                redrawwin(view->win);
                        view->has_scrolled = FALSE;
+                       if (view->pipe)
+                               loading = TRUE;
                }
 
                /* Update the cursor position. */
@@ -6409,6 +7171,7 @@ get_input(int prompt_position)
 
                /* Refresh, accept single keystroke of input */
                doupdate();
+               nodelay(status_win, loading);
                key = wgetch(status_win);
 
                /* wgetch() with nodelay() enabled returns ERR when
@@ -6524,18 +7287,81 @@ read_prompt(const char *prompt)
        return prompt_input(prompt, read_prompt_handler, NULL);
 }
 
+static bool prompt_menu(const char *prompt, const struct menu_item *items, int *selected)
+{
+       enum input_status status = INPUT_OK;
+       int size = 0;
+
+       while (items[size].text)
+               size++;
+
+       while (status == INPUT_OK) {
+               const struct menu_item *item = &items[*selected];
+               int key;
+               int i;
+
+               mvwprintw(status_win, 0, 0, "%s (%d of %d) ",
+                         prompt, *selected + 1, size);
+               if (item->hotkey)
+                       wprintw(status_win, "[%c] ", (char) item->hotkey);
+               wprintw(status_win, "%s", item->text);
+               wclrtoeol(status_win);
+
+               key = get_input(COLS - 1);
+               switch (key) {
+               case KEY_RETURN:
+               case KEY_ENTER:
+               case '\n':
+                       status = INPUT_STOP;
+                       break;
+
+               case KEY_LEFT:
+               case KEY_UP:
+                       *selected = *selected - 1;
+                       if (*selected < 0)
+                               *selected = size - 1;
+                       break;
+
+               case KEY_RIGHT:
+               case KEY_DOWN:
+                       *selected = (*selected + 1) % size;
+                       break;
+
+               case KEY_ESC:
+                       status = INPUT_CANCEL;
+                       break;
+
+               default:
+                       for (i = 0; items[i].text; i++)
+                               if (items[i].hotkey == key) {
+                                       *selected = i;
+                                       status = INPUT_STOP;
+                                       break;
+                               }
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* Clear the status window */
+       status_empty = FALSE;
+       report("");
+
+       return status != INPUT_CANCEL;
+}
+
 /*
  * Repository properties
  */
 
-static struct ref *refs = NULL;
-static size_t refs_alloc = 0;
+static struct ref **refs = NULL;
 static size_t refs_size = 0;
+static struct ref *refs_head = NULL;
 
-/* Id <-> ref store */
-static struct ref ***id_refs = NULL;
-static size_t id_refs_alloc = 0;
-static size_t id_refs_size = 0;
+static struct ref_list **ref_lists = NULL;
+static size_t ref_lists_size = 0;
+
+DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(realloc_refs, struct ref *, 256)
+DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(realloc_refs_list, struct ref *, 8)
+DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(realloc_ref_lists, struct ref_list *, 8)
 
 static int
 compare_refs(const void *ref1_, const void *ref2_)
@@ -6556,76 +7382,69 @@ compare_refs(const void *ref1_, const void *ref2_)
        return strcmp(ref1->name, ref2->name);
 }
 
-static struct ref **
-get_refs(const char *id)
+static void
+foreach_ref(bool (*visitor)(void *data, const struct ref *ref), void *data)
 {
-       struct ref ***tmp_id_refs;
-       struct ref **ref_list = NULL;
-       size_t ref_list_alloc = 0;
-       size_t ref_list_size = 0;
        size_t i;
 
-       for (i = 0; i < id_refs_size; i++)
-               if (!strcmp(id, id_refs[i][0]->id))
-                       return id_refs[i];
-
-       tmp_id_refs = realloc_items(id_refs, &id_refs_alloc, id_refs_size + 1,
-                                   sizeof(*id_refs));
-       if (!tmp_id_refs)
-               return NULL;
-
-       id_refs = tmp_id_refs;
+       for (i = 0; i < refs_size; i++)
+               if (!visitor(data, refs[i]))
+                       break;
+}
 
-       for (i = 0; i < refs_size; i++) {
-               struct ref **tmp;
+static struct ref *
+get_ref_head()
+{
+       return refs_head;
+}
 
-               if (strcmp(id, refs[i].id))
-                       continue;
+static struct ref_list *
+get_ref_list(const char *id)
+{
+       struct ref_list *list;
+       size_t i;
 
-               tmp = realloc_items(ref_list, &ref_list_alloc,
-                                   ref_list_size + 1, sizeof(*ref_list));
-               if (!tmp) {
-                       if (ref_list)
-                               free(ref_list);
-                       return NULL;
-               }
+       for (i = 0; i < ref_lists_size; i++)
+               if (!strcmp(id, ref_lists[i]->id))
+                       return ref_lists[i];
 
-               ref_list = tmp;
-               ref_list[ref_list_size] = &refs[i];
-               /* XXX: The properties of the commit chains ensures that we can
-                * safely modify the shared ref. The repo references will
-                * always be similar for the same id. */
-               ref_list[ref_list_size]->next = 1;
+       if (!realloc_ref_lists(&ref_lists, ref_lists_size, 1))
+               return NULL;
+       list = calloc(1, sizeof(*list));
+       if (!list)
+               return NULL;
 
-               ref_list_size++;
+       for (i = 0; i < refs_size; i++) {
+               if (!strcmp(id, refs[i]->id) &&
+                   realloc_refs_list(&list->refs, list->size, 1))
+                       list->refs[list->size++] = refs[i];
        }
 
-       if (ref_list) {
-               qsort(ref_list, ref_list_size, sizeof(*ref_list), compare_refs);
-               ref_list[ref_list_size - 1]->next = 0;
-               id_refs[id_refs_size++] = ref_list;
+       if (!list->refs) {
+               free(list);
+               return NULL;
        }
 
-       return ref_list;
+       qsort(list->refs, list->size, sizeof(*list->refs), compare_refs);
+       ref_lists[ref_lists_size++] = list;
+       return list;
 }
 
 static int
-read_ref(char *id, size_t idlen, char *name, size_t namelen)
+read_ref(char *id, size_t idlen, char *name, size_t namelen, void *data)
 {
-       struct ref *ref;
+       struct ref *ref = NULL;
        bool tag = FALSE;
        bool ltag = FALSE;
        bool remote = FALSE;
        bool tracked = FALSE;
-       bool check_replace = FALSE;
        bool head = FALSE;
+       int from = 0, to = refs_size - 1;
 
        if (!prefixcmp(name, "refs/tags/")) {
                if (!suffixcmp(name, namelen, "^{}")) {
                        namelen -= 3;
                        name[namelen] = 0;
-                       if (refs_size > 0 && refs[refs_size - 1].ltag == TRUE)
-                               check_replace = TRUE;
                } else {
                        ltag = TRUE;
                }
@@ -6643,34 +7462,49 @@ read_ref(char *id, size_t idlen, char *name, size_t namelen)
        } else if (!prefixcmp(name, "refs/heads/")) {
                namelen -= STRING_SIZE("refs/heads/");
                name    += STRING_SIZE("refs/heads/");
-               head     = !strncmp(opt_head, name, namelen);
+               if (!strncmp(opt_head, name, namelen))
+                       return OK;
 
        } else if (!strcmp(name, "HEAD")) {
-               string_ncopy(opt_head_rev, id, idlen);
-               return OK;
+               head     = TRUE;
+               if (*opt_head) {
+                       namelen  = strlen(opt_head);
+                       name     = opt_head;
+               }
        }
 
-       if (check_replace && !strcmp(name, refs[refs_size - 1].name)) {
-               /* it's an annotated tag, replace the previous SHA1 with the
-                * resolved commit id; relies on the fact git-ls-remote lists
-                * the commit id of an annotated tag right before the commit id
-                * it points to. */
-               refs[refs_size - 1].ltag = ltag;
-               string_copy_rev(refs[refs_size - 1].id, id);
+       /* If we are reloading or it's an annotated tag, replace the
+        * previous SHA1 with the resolved commit id; relies on the fact
+        * git-ls-remote lists the commit id of an annotated tag right
+        * before the commit id it points to. */
+       while (from <= to) {
+               size_t pos = (to + from) / 2;
+               int cmp = strcmp(name, refs[pos]->name);
 
-               return OK;
+               if (!cmp) {
+                       ref = refs[pos];
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               if (cmp < 0)
+                       to = pos - 1;
+               else
+                       from = pos + 1;
        }
-       refs = realloc_items(refs, &refs_alloc, refs_size + 1, sizeof(*refs));
-       if (!refs)
-               return ERR;
 
-       ref = &refs[refs_size++];
-       ref->name = malloc(namelen + 1);
-       if (!ref->name)
-               return ERR;
+       if (!ref) {
+               if (!realloc_refs(&refs, refs_size, 1))
+                       return ERR;
+               ref = calloc(1, sizeof(*ref) + namelen);
+               if (!ref)
+                       return ERR;
+               memmove(refs + from + 1, refs + from,
+                       (refs_size - from) * sizeof(*refs));
+               refs[from] = ref;
+               strncpy(ref->name, name, namelen);
+               refs_size++;
+       }
 
-       strncpy(ref->name, name, namelen);
-       ref->name[namelen] = 0;
        ref->head = head;
        ref->tag = tag;
        ref->ltag = ltag;
@@ -6678,31 +7512,58 @@ read_ref(char *id, size_t idlen, char *name, size_t namelen)
        ref->tracked = tracked;
        string_copy_rev(ref->id, id);
 
+       if (head)
+               refs_head = ref;
        return OK;
 }
 
 static int
 load_refs(void)
 {
+       const char *head_argv[] = {
+               "git", "symbolic-ref", "HEAD", NULL
+       };
        static const char *ls_remote_argv[SIZEOF_ARG] = {
                "git", "ls-remote", opt_git_dir, NULL
        };
        static bool init = FALSE;
+       size_t i;
 
        if (!init) {
-               argv_from_env(ls_remote_argv, "TIG_LS_REMOTE");
+               if (!argv_from_env(ls_remote_argv, "TIG_LS_REMOTE"))
+                       die("TIG_LS_REMOTE contains too many arguments");
                init = TRUE;
        }
 
        if (!*opt_git_dir)
                return OK;
 
-       while (refs_size > 0)
-               free(refs[--refs_size].name);
-       while (id_refs_size > 0)
-               free(id_refs[--id_refs_size]);
+       if (io_run_buf(head_argv, opt_head, sizeof(opt_head)) &&
+           !prefixcmp(opt_head, "refs/heads/")) {
+               char *offset = opt_head + STRING_SIZE("refs/heads/");
+
+               memmove(opt_head, offset, strlen(offset) + 1);
+       }
+
+       refs_head = NULL;
+       for (i = 0; i < refs_size; i++)
+               refs[i]->id[0] = 0;
+
+       if (io_run_load(ls_remote_argv, "\t", read_ref, NULL) == ERR)
+               return ERR;
+
+       /* Update the ref lists to reflect changes. */
+       for (i = 0; i < ref_lists_size; i++) {
+               struct ref_list *list = ref_lists[i];
+               size_t old, new;
+
+               for (old = new = 0; old < list->size; old++)
+                       if (!strcmp(list->id, list->refs[old]->id))
+                               list->refs[new++] = list->refs[old];
+               list->size = new;
+       }
 
-       return run_io_load(ls_remote_argv, "\t", read_ref);
+       return OK;
 }
 
 static void
@@ -6723,19 +7584,19 @@ set_remote_branch(const char *name, const char *value, size_t valuelen)
 }
 
 static void
-set_repo_config_option(char *name, char *value, int (*cmd)(int, const char **))
+set_repo_config_option(char *name, char *value, enum option_code (*cmd)(int, const char **))
 {
        const char *argv[SIZEOF_ARG] = { name, "=" };
        int argc = 1 + (cmd == option_set_command);
-       int error = ERR;
+       enum option_code error;
 
        if (!argv_from_string(argv, &argc, value))
-               config_msg = "Too many option arguments";
+               error = OPT_ERR_TOO_MANY_OPTION_ARGUMENTS;
        else
                error = cmd(argc, argv);
 
-       if (error == ERR)
-               warn("Option 'tig.%s': %s", name, config_msg);
+       if (error != OPT_OK)
+               warn("Option 'tig.%s': %s", name, option_errors[error]);
 }
 
 static bool
@@ -6777,7 +7638,7 @@ set_work_tree(const char *value)
 }
 
 static int
-read_repo_config_option(char *name, size_t namelen, char *value, size_t valuelen)
+read_repo_config_option(char *name, size_t namelen, char *value, size_t valuelen, void *data)
 {
        if (!strcmp(name, "i18n.commitencoding"))
                string_ncopy(opt_encoding, value, valuelen);
@@ -6807,13 +7668,13 @@ read_repo_config_option(char *name, size_t namelen, char *value, size_t valuelen
 static int
 load_git_config(void)
 {
-       const char *config_list_argv[] = { "git", GIT_CONFIG, "--list", NULL };
+       const char *config_list_argv[] = { "git", "config", "--list", NULL };
 
-       return run_io_load(config_list_argv, "=", read_repo_config_option);
+       return io_run_load(config_list_argv, "=", read_repo_config_option, NULL);
 }
 
 static int
-read_repo_info(char *name, size_t namelen, char *value, size_t valuelen)
+read_repo_info(char *name, size_t namelen, char *value, size_t valuelen, void *data)
 {
        if (!opt_git_dir[0]) {
                string_ncopy(opt_git_dir, name, namelen);
@@ -6839,24 +7700,12 @@ read_repo_info(char *name, size_t namelen, char *value, size_t valuelen)
 static int
 load_repo_info(void)
 {
-       const char *head_argv[] = {
-               "git", "symbolic-ref", "HEAD", NULL
-       };
        const char *rev_parse_argv[] = {
                "git", "rev-parse", "--git-dir", "--is-inside-work-tree",
                        "--show-cdup", "--show-prefix", NULL
        };
 
-       if (run_io_buf(head_argv, opt_head, sizeof(opt_head))) {
-               chomp_string(opt_head);
-               if (!prefixcmp(opt_head, "refs/heads/")) {
-                       char *offset = opt_head + STRING_SIZE("refs/heads/");
-
-                       memmove(opt_head, offset, strlen(offset) + 1);
-               }
-       }
-
-       return run_io_load(rev_parse_argv, "=", read_repo_info);
+       return io_run_load(rev_parse_argv, "=", read_repo_info, NULL);
 }
 
 
@@ -6914,27 +7763,50 @@ warn(const char *msg, ...)
        va_end(args);
 }
 
+static int
+read_filter_args(char *name, size_t namelen, char *value, size_t valuelen, void *data)
+{
+       const char ***filter_args = data;
+
+       return argv_append(filter_args, name) ? OK : ERR;
+}
+
+static void
+filter_rev_parse(const char ***args, const char *arg1, const char *arg2, const char *argv[])
+{
+       const char *rev_parse_argv[SIZEOF_ARG] = { "git", "rev-parse", arg1, arg2 };
+       const char **all_argv = NULL;
+
+       if (!argv_append_array(&all_argv, rev_parse_argv) ||
+           !argv_append_array(&all_argv, argv) ||
+           !io_run_load(all_argv, "\n", read_filter_args, args) == ERR)
+               die("Failed to split arguments");
+       argv_free(all_argv);
+       free(all_argv);
+}
+
+static void
+filter_options(const char *argv[])
+{
+       filter_rev_parse(&opt_file_argv, "--no-revs", "--no-flags", argv);
+       filter_rev_parse(&opt_diff_argv, "--no-revs", "--flags", argv);
+       filter_rev_parse(&opt_rev_argv, "--symbolic", "--revs-only", argv);
+}
+
 static enum request
 parse_options(int argc, const char *argv[])
 {
        enum request request = REQ_VIEW_MAIN;
        const char *subcommand;
        bool seen_dashdash = FALSE;
-       /* XXX: This is vulnerable to the user overriding options
-        * required for the main view parser. */
-       const char *custom_argv[SIZEOF_ARG] = {
-               "git", "log", "--no-color", "--pretty=raw", "--parents",
-                       "--topo-order", NULL
-       };
-       int i, j = 6;
+       const char **filter_argv = NULL;
+       int i;
 
-       if (!isatty(STDIN_FILENO)) {
-               io_open(&VIEW(REQ_VIEW_PAGER)->io, "");
+       if (!isatty(STDIN_FILENO))
                return REQ_VIEW_PAGER;
-       }
 
        if (argc <= 1)
-               return REQ_NONE;
+               return REQ_VIEW_MAIN;
 
        subcommand = argv[1];
        if (!strcmp(subcommand, "status")) {
@@ -6962,16 +7834,16 @@ parse_options(int argc, const char *argv[])
                subcommand = NULL;
        }
 
-       if (subcommand) {
-               custom_argv[1] = subcommand;
-               j = 2;
-       }
-
        for (i = 1 + !!subcommand; i < argc; i++) {
                const char *opt = argv[i];
 
-               if (seen_dashdash || !strcmp(opt, "--")) {
+               if (seen_dashdash) {
+                       argv_append(&opt_file_argv, opt);
+                       continue;
+
+               } else if (!strcmp(opt, "--")) {
                        seen_dashdash = TRUE;
+                       continue;
 
                } else if (!strcmp(opt, "-v") || !strcmp(opt, "--version")) {
                        printf("tig version %s\n", TIG_VERSION);
@@ -6980,15 +7852,18 @@ parse_options(int argc, const char *argv[])
                } else if (!strcmp(opt, "-h") || !strcmp(opt, "--help")) {
                        printf("%s\n", usage);
                        quit(0);
+
+               } else if (!strcmp(opt, "--all")) {
+                       argv_append(&opt_rev_argv, opt);
+                       continue;
                }
 
-               custom_argv[j++] = opt;
-               if (j >= ARRAY_SIZE(custom_argv))
+               if (!argv_append(&filter_argv, opt))
                        die("command too long");
        }
 
-       if (!prepare_update(VIEW(request), custom_argv, NULL, FORMAT_NONE))                                                                        
-               die("Failed to format arguments"); 
+       if (filter_argv)
+               filter_options(filter_argv);
 
        return request;
 }
@@ -6996,6 +7871,7 @@ parse_options(int argc, const char *argv[])
 int
 main(int argc, const char *argv[])
 {
+       const char *codeset = "UTF-8";
        enum request request = parse_options(argc, argv);
        struct view *view;
        size_t i;
@@ -7004,9 +7880,7 @@ main(int argc, const char *argv[])
        signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
 
        if (setlocale(LC_ALL, "")) {
-               char *codeset = nl_langinfo(CODESET);
-
-               string_ncopy(opt_codeset, codeset, strlen(codeset));
+               codeset = nl_langinfo(CODESET);
        }
 
        if (load_repo_info() == ERR)
@@ -7022,27 +7896,33 @@ main(int argc, const char *argv[])
        if (!opt_git_dir[0] && request != REQ_VIEW_PAGER)
                die("Not a git repository");
 
-       if (*opt_encoding && strcasecmp(opt_encoding, "UTF-8"))
-               opt_utf8 = FALSE;
+       if (*opt_encoding && strcmp(codeset, "UTF-8")) {
+               opt_iconv_in = iconv_open("UTF-8", opt_encoding);
+               if (opt_iconv_in == ICONV_NONE)
+                       die("Failed to initialize character set conversion");
+       }
 
-       if (*opt_codeset && strcmp(opt_codeset, opt_encoding)) {
-               opt_iconv = iconv_open(opt_codeset, opt_encoding);
-               if (opt_iconv == ICONV_NONE)
+       if (codeset && strcmp(codeset, "UTF-8")) {
+               opt_iconv_out = iconv_open(codeset, "UTF-8");
+               if (opt_iconv_out == ICONV_NONE)
                        die("Failed to initialize character set conversion");
        }
 
        if (load_refs() == ERR)
                die("Failed to load refs.");
 
-       foreach_view (view, i)
-               argv_from_env(view->ops->argv, view->cmd_env);
+       foreach_view (view, i) {
+               if (getenv(view->cmd_env))
+                       warn("Use of the %s environment variable is deprecated,"
+                            " use options or TIG_DIFF_ARGS instead",
+                            view->cmd_env);
+               if (!argv_from_env(view->ops->argv, view->cmd_env))
+                       die("Too many arguments in the `%s` environment variable",
+                           view->cmd_env);
+       }
 
        init_display();
 
-       if (request != REQ_NONE)
-               open_view(NULL, request, OPEN_PREPARED);
-       request = request == REQ_NONE ? REQ_VIEW_MAIN : REQ_NONE;
-
        while (view_driver(display[current_view], request)) {
                int key = get_input(0);
 
@@ -7052,6 +7932,10 @@ main(int argc, const char *argv[])
                /* Some low-level request handling. This keeps access to
                 * status_win restricted. */
                switch (request) {
+               case REQ_NONE:
+                       report("Unknown key, press %s for help",
+                              get_key(view->keymap, REQ_VIEW_HELP));
+                       break;
                case REQ_PROMPT:
                {
                        char *cmd = read_prompt(":");
@@ -7078,7 +7962,7 @@ main(int argc, const char *argv[])
 
                                if (!argv_from_string(argv, &argc, cmd)) {
                                        report("Too many arguments");
-                               } else if (!prepare_update(next, argv, NULL, FORMAT_DASH)) {
+                               } else if (!prepare_update(next, argv, NULL)) {
                                        report("Failed to format command");
                                } else {
                                        open_view(view, REQ_VIEW_PAGER, OPEN_PREPARED);