1 RRDGRAPH_EXAMPLES(1) rrdtool RRDGRAPH_EXAMPLES(1)
6 rrdgraph_examples - Examples for rrdtool graph
9 r\brr\brd\bdt\bto\boo\bol\bl g\bgr\bra\bap\bph\bh /\b/h\bho\bom\bme\be/\b/h\bht\btt\btp\bpd\bd/\b/h\bht\btm\bml\bl/\b/t\bte\bes\bst\bt.\b.p\bpn\bng\bg -\b--\b-i\bim\bmg\bg-\b-f\bfo\bor\brm\bma\bat\bt P\bPN\bNG\bG
11 followed by any of the examples below
14 For your convenience some of the commands are explained here by using
15 detailed examples. They are not always cut-and-paste ready because com-
16 ments are intermixed with the examples.
19 D\bDa\bat\bta\ba w\bwi\bit\bth\bh m\bmu\bul\blt\bti\bip\bpl\ble\be r\bre\bes\bso\bol\blu\but\bti\bio\bon\bns\bs
21 --end now --start end-120000s --width 400
22 DEF:ds0a=/home/rrdtool/data/router1.rrd:ds0:AVERAGE
23 DEF:ds0b=/home/rrdtool/data/router1.rrd:ds0:AVERAGE:step=1800
24 DEF:ds0c=/home/rrdtool/data/router1.rrd:ds0:AVERAGE:step=7200
25 LINE1:ds0a#0000FF:"default resolution\l"
26 LINE1:ds0b#00CCFF:"resolution 1800 seconds per interval\l"
27 LINE1:ds0c#FF00FF:"resolution 7200 seconds per interval\l"
29 N\bNi\bic\bce\bel\bly\by f\bfo\bor\brm\bma\bat\btt\bte\bed\bd l\ble\beg\bge\ben\bnd\bd s\bse\bec\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn
31 DEF:ds0=/home/rrdtool/data/router1.rrd:ds0:AVERAGE
32 DEF:ds1=/home/rrdtool/data/router1.rrd:ds1:AVERAGE
33 VDEF:ds0max=ds0,MAXIMUM
34 VDEF:ds0avg=ds0,AVERAGE
35 VDEF:ds0min=ds0,MINIMUM
36 VDEF:ds0pct=ds0,95,PERCENT
37 VDEF:ds1max=ds1,MAXIMUM
38 VDEF:ds1avg=ds1,AVERAGE
39 VDEF:ds1min=ds1,MINIMUM
40 VDEF:ds1pct=ds1,95,PERCENT
42 Note: consolidation occurs here.
44 CDEF:ds0bits=ds0,8,*
45 CDEF:ds1bits=ds1,8,*
47 Note: 10 spaces to move text to the right
49 COMMENT:" "
51 Note: the column titles have to be as wide as the columns
53 COMMENT:"Maximum "
54 COMMENT:"Average "
55 COMMENT:"Minimum "
57 COMMENT:"95th percentile\l"
58 AREA:ds0bits#00C000:"Inbound "
59 GPRINT:ds0max:"%6.2lf %Sbps"
60 GPRINT:ds0avg:"%6.2lf %Sbps"
61 GPRINT:ds0min:"%6.2lf %Sbps"
62 GPRINT:ds0pct:"%6.2lf %Sbps\l"
63 LINE1:ds1bits#0000FF:"Outbound"
64 GPRINT:ds1max:"%6.2lf %Sbps"
65 GPRINT:ds1avg:"%6.2lf %Sbps"
66 GPRINT:ds1min:"%6.2lf %Sbps"
67 GPRINT:ds1pct:"%6.2lf %Sbps\l"
69 O\bOf\bff\bfs\bse\bet\btt\bti\bin\bng\bg a\ba l\bli\bin\bne\be o\bon\bn t\bth\bhe\be y\by-\b-a\bax\bxi\bis\bs
71 Depending on your needs you can do this in two ways:
73 · Offset the data, then graph this
75 DEF:mydata=my.rrd:ds:AVERAGE
77 Note: this will also influence any other command that uses "data"
79 CDEF:data=mydata,100,+
80 LINE1:data#FF0000:"Data with offset"
82 · Graph the original data, with an offset
84 DEF:mydata=my.rrd:ds:AVERAGE
86 Note: no color in the first line so it is not visible
88 LINE1:100
90 Note: the second line gets stacked on top of the first one
92 LINE1:data#FF0000:"Data with offset":STACK
96 Also works for HRULE and VRULE
98 · default style: - - - - -
99 LINE1:data#FF0000:"dashed line":dashes
101 · more fancy style with offset: - - --- - --- -
102 LINE1:data#FF0000:"another dashed
103 line":dashes=15,5,5,10:dash-offset=10
107 Last four weeks: --start end-4w --end 00:00
108 January 2001: --start 20010101 --end start+31d
109 January 2001: --start 20010101 --end 20010201
110 Last hour: --start end-1h
111 Last 24 hours: <nothing at all>
112 Yesterday: --end 00:00
114 V\bVi\bie\bew\bwi\bin\bng\bg t\bth\bhe\be c\bcu\bur\brr\bre\ben\bnt\bt a\ban\bnd\bd p\bpr\bre\bev\bvi\bio\bou\bus\bs w\bwe\bee\bek\bk t\bto\bog\bge\bet\bth\bhe\ber\br
116 --end now --start end-1w
117 DEF:thisweek=router.rrd:ds0:AVERAGE
118 DEF:lastweek=router.rrd:ds0:AVERAGE:end=now-1w:start=end-1w
120 Shift the data forward by one week (604800 seconds)
122 SHIFT:lastweek:604800
123 [ more of the usual VDEF and CDEF stuff if you like ]
124 AREA:lastweek#0000FF:Last\ week
125 LINE1:thisweek#FF0000:This\ week
127 A\bAb\bbe\ber\brr\bra\ban\bnt\bt B\bBe\beh\bha\bav\bvi\bio\bou\bur\br D\bDe\bet\bte\bec\bct\bti\bio\bon\bn
130 they can be used to generate the graph of a time series with confidence
131 bands and failures.
133 rrdtool graph example.png \
134 DEF:obs=monitor.rrd:ifOutOctets:AVERAGE \
135 DEF:pred=monitor.rrd:ifOutOctets:HWPREDICT \
136 DEF:dev=monitor.rrd:ifOutOctets:DEVPREDICT \
137 DEF:fail=monitor.rrd:ifOutOctets:FAILURES \
138 TICK:fail#ffffa0:1.0:"Failures\: Average bits out" \
139 CDEF:scaledobs=obs,8,* \
140 CDEF:upper=pred,dev,2,*,+ \
141 CDEF:lower=pred,dev,2,*,- \
142 CDEF:scaledupper=upper,8,* \
143 CDEF:scaledlower=lower,8,* \
144 LINE2:scaledobs#0000ff:"Average bits out" \
145 LINE1:scaledupper#ff0000:"Upper Confidence Bound: Average bits out" \
146 LINE1:scaledlower#ff0000:"Lower Confidence Bound: Average bits out"
148 This example generates a graph of the data series in blue (LINE2 with
149 the scaledobs virtual data source), confidence bounds in red (scaledup-
150 per and scaledlower virtual data sources), and potential failures (i.e.
151 potential aberrant aberrant behavior) marked by vertical yellow lines
152 (the fail data source).
155 observed time series (one consolidated data point per primary data
156 point). The predicted (or smoothed) values are stored in the HWPREDICT
159 cators, with 1 denoting a potential failure.
161 All of the data is rescaled to bits (instead of Octets) by multiplying
162 by 8. The confidence bounds are computed by an offset of 2 deviations
163 both above and below the predicted values (the CDEFs upper and lower).
164 Vertical lines indicated potential failures are graphed via the TICK
166 marks. Here an axis-fraction argument of 1.0 means the tick marks span
167 the entire y-axis, and hence become vertical lines on the graph.
169 The choice of 2 deviations (a scaling factor) matches the default used
171 rrdtune), this graphing command should be changed to be consistent.
175 The r\brr\brd\bdt\bto\boo\bol\bl _\bg_\br_\ba_\bp_\bh command is designed to plot data at a specified tem-
176 poral resolution, regardless of the actually resolution of the data in
177 the RRD file. This can present a problem for the specialized consoli-
178 dation functions which maintain a one-to-one mapping between primary
179 data points and consolidated data points. If a graph insists on viewing
180 the contents of these R\bRR\bRA\bAs\bs on a coarser temporal scale, the _\bg_\br_\ba_\bp_\bh com-
181 mand tries to do something intelligent, but the confidence bands and
182 failures no longer have the same meaning and may be misleading.
185 rrdgraph gives an overview of how r\brr\brd\bdt\bto\boo\bol\bl g\bgr\bra\bap\bph\bh works. rrdgraph_data
186 describes D\bDE\bEF\bF,C\bCD\bDE\bEF\bF and V\bVD\bDE\bEF\bF in detail. rrdgraph_rpn describes the R\bRP\bPN\bN
188 all the graph and print functions.
190 Make sure to read rrdgraph_examples for tips&tricks.
193 Program by Tobias Oetiker <tobi@oetiker.ch>
195 This manual page by Alex van den Bogaerdt <alex@ergens.op.het.net>
199 1.3rc4 2008-03-25 RRDGRAPH_EXAMPLES(1)