From c7d1a8ce3bc6ac3abccec7888e23aea5d889d1ef Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: oetiker Date: Mon, 29 Sep 2008 06:45:09 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] added examples git-svn-id: svn://svn.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/trunk@1544 a5681a0c-68f1-0310-ab6d-d61299d08faa --- .../rrd-by-example/beamercolorthemetobi.sty | 50 ++ tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/body.tex | 531 ++++++++++++++++++ .../rrd-by-example/ex/create-first.sh | 27 + .../rrd-by-example/ex/create-first.xml | 118 ++++ .../rrd-by-example/ex/graph-examples.pl | 222 ++++++++ .../lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/rrd-size.pl | 19 + .../lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/rrd-size.txt | 7 + .../lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/update-real.sh | 20 + .../rrd-by-example/ex/update-real.txt | 5 + tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/handouts.tex | 3 + .../lisa2008/rrd-by-example/presentation.tex | 2 + 11 files changed, 1004 insertions(+) create mode 100644 tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/beamercolorthemetobi.sty create mode 100644 tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/body.tex create mode 100755 tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/create-first.sh create mode 100644 tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/create-first.xml create mode 100755 tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/graph-examples.pl create mode 100755 tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/rrd-size.pl create mode 100644 tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/rrd-size.txt create mode 100755 tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/update-real.sh create mode 100644 tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/update-real.txt create mode 100644 tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/handouts.tex create mode 100644 tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/presentation.tex diff --git a/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/beamercolorthemetobi.sty b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/beamercolorthemetobi.sty new file mode 100644 index 00000000..eadaa5fe --- /dev/null +++ b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/beamercolorthemetobi.sty @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +% Copyright 2007 by Till Tantau +% +% This file may be distributed and/or modified +% +% 1. under the LaTeX Project Public License and/or +% 2. under the GNU Public License. +% +% See the file doc/licenses/LICENSE for more details. + +\ProvidesPackageRCS $Header: /cvsroot/latex-beamer/latex-beamer/themes/color/beamercolorthemetobi.sty,v 1.9 2007/01/28 20:48:24 tantau Exp $ + + +\mode + +\definecolor{craneorange}{RGB}{255,252,248} +\definecolor{craneblue}{RGB}{62,28,0} + +\setbeamercolor{structure}{fg=craneblue} + +\setbeamercolor{palette primary}{fg=craneblue,bg=craneorange!70} +\setbeamercolor{palette secondary}{fg=craneblue,bg=craneorange!80} +\setbeamercolor{palette tertiary}{fg=craneblue,bg=craneorange!90} +\setbeamercolor{palette quaternary}{fg=craneblue,bg=craneorange} + +\setbeamercolor{titlelike}{fg=craneblue} + +\setbeamercolor{block title}{fg=craneblue,bg=craneorange} +\setbeamercolor{block title alerted}{use=alerted text,fg=craneblue,bg=alerted text.fg!75!bg} +\setbeamercolor{block title example}{use=example text,fg=craneblue,bg=example text.fg!75!bg} + +\setbeamercolor{block body}{parent=normal text,use=block title,bg=block title.bg!25!bg} +\setbeamercolor{block body alerted}{parent=normal text,use=block title alerted,bg=block title alerted.bg!25!bg} +\setbeamercolor{block body example}{parent=normal text,use=block title example,bg=block title example.bg!25!bg} + +\setbeamercolor{sidebar}{bg=craneorange!70} + +\setbeamercolor{palette sidebar primary}{fg=craneblue} +\setbeamercolor{palette sidebar secondary}{fg=craneblue!75} +\setbeamercolor{palette sidebar tertiary}{fg=craneblue!75} +\setbeamercolor{palette sidebar quaternary}{fg=craneblue} + +\setbeamercolor*{separation line}{} +\setbeamercolor*{fine separation line}{} + +\setbeamercolor{normal text}{bg=craneblue!1,fg=craneblue} +\setbeamercolor{example text}{bg=craneblue!10} +\setbeamercolor{frametitle}{fg=craneblue!50} + +\mode + diff --git a/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/body.tex b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/body.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000..7c0b98ef --- /dev/null +++ b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/body.tex @@ -0,0 +1,531 @@ +\mode +{ + \usetheme{default} % no fancy navigation or anything ... + \usecolortheme{tobi} + \usefonttheme{serif} + \usepackage{lmodern} + \newcommand{\addgraph}[1]{\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{ex/#1}} +} +\mode
+{ + %\usepackage[colorlinks,hyperindex,plainpages=false]{hyperref} + \usepackage{url} + \usepackage{graphicx} + \setlength{\parskip}{1ex plus 0.5ex minus 0.2ex} + \setlength{\parindent}{0pt} + \usepackage{times} + \newcommand{\addgraph}[1]{\begin{center}\framebox{\includegraphics[width=0.7\textwidth]{ex/#1}}\end{center}} +} +\usepackage{alltt} +\usepackage{listings} +\usepackage{svgcolor} +\usepackage[english]{babel} +% or whatever +\mode
{ +} + +\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc} +% or whatever + +\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} +% Or whatever. Note that the encoding and the font should match. If T1 +% does not look nice, try deleting the line with the fontenc. + +\title +{RRDtool by Example} + +\author +{Tobias Oetiker} + +\institute +{OETIKER+PARTNER AG} + +\date[LISA 2008] % (optional, should be abbreviation of conference name) +{21. Large Installation System Administration Conference} + +\mode{\subject{RRDtool tutorial based on example use}} + +\mode{ + \lstset{% + language=Perl,% + numbers=left,% + basicstyle=\ttfamily\footnotesize\color{black},% + keywordstyle=\color{darkgreen},% +% identifyerstyle=\color{brown},% + commentstyle=\color{mediumpurple},% + stringstyle=\color{dimgray}, + numberstyle=\ttfamily\scriptsize\color{darkgray}, + showstringspaces=false + } +} +\mode
{ + \lstset{% + language=Perl,% + numbers=left,% + basicstyle=\ttfamily\footnotesize,% + keywordstyle=\bfseries,% + numberstyle=\ttfamily\scriptsize, +% identifyerstyle=\color{brown},% + commentstyle=\itshape,% + stringstyle=\color{black}, + showstringspaces=false + } +} + +\begin{document} + +\mode
{\maketitle} + +\begin{frame} + \titlepage +\end{frame} + +\mode{\tableofcontents} + +\section{A different kind of Database} + +\begin{frame}{creating a simple rrd} +\lstinputlisting[language=bash,firstline=0,lastline=11]{ex/create-first.sh} +One Datasource, 4 Round Robin Archives +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}{feeding data} +\lstinputlisting[language=bash,firstline=13,lastline=21]{ex/create-first.sh} +Feed in some data. One or several updates at once. +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}[allowframebreaks]{inside the database} +\lstinputlisting[language=xml,basicstyle=\ttfamily\scriptsize]{ex/create-first.xml} +\end{frame} + +\mode
{ +The xml dump of the rrd file shows an approximation of the on-disk +structure of the database. The rra database sections are re-ordered, so that +they are in chronological order with the oldest at the top. Also the +cdp sections are stored right after the header. Idea behind this +design is, that things that get written on every update are as close +together as possible.} + +\begin{frame}{rrd features} +\begin{itemize} +\item optimized for time-series data +\item fixed size rotating data store +\item constant on-disk size +\item no maintenance +\item on the fly consolidation +\end{itemize} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}[fragile]{on-disk structure} +\begin{alltt} ++-------------------------------+ +| Static Header | \textrm{RRD Cookie, DB Cfg} +|-------------------------------| +: Data Source (DS) Definitions : +|-------------------------------| +: RR Archive (RRA) Definitions : +|===============================| +| Live Head | \textrm{Last Update Time} +|-------------------------------| +: PDP Prep per DS : \textrm{Last Value for Diff} +|-------------------------------| +: CDP Prep per RRA and DS : \textrm{Intermediate Storage} +|-------------------------------| +: RRA Pointers : +|===============================| +: Round Robin Archives (RRA) : ++-------------------------------+ +\end{alltt} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}{irregular data arrival intervals} +\lstinputlisting[language=bash,lastline=19]{ex/update-real.sh} +\end{frame} + +\mode
{To try things out, lets assume that data arrives at + irregular intervals. This is counter data, by synchronizing the + data values with the arrival time we should get a constant rate + stored in the database.} + +\begin{frame}{database after the irregular updates} +\lstinputlisting[language=bash,firstline=20]{ex/update-real.sh} +\lstinputlisting[language=bash]{ex/update-real.txt} + +\begin{itemize} +\item rrdtool re-binning at work +\item major difference to a normal db +\item all bins contain 1.0 +\item the time is the 'end-time' of the bin. +\end{itemize} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}{optimizing your rrds} +\begin{itemize} +\item update of multi DS RRD is cheep +\item single update interval per RRD +\item RRD modification is expensive +\item RRD size and update performance are independent +\item RRA complexity affects update performance +\end{itemize} +\end{frame} + +\mode
{As long as your system is small (a few hundred rrds) + you should optimize for convenience. Only keep these DSes together + in one RRD that are tightly bound together. For everything else + create separate rrds.} + +\begin{frame}{fetching data} +fetch is for reading data from an rrd +\lstinputlisting[language=bash,firstline=8,lastline=9]{ex/catch-fetch.sh} +\begin{itemize} +\item one RRA with two 300s entries +\item one RRA with three 600s entries +\end{itemize} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}[fragile]{playing catch with fetch} +first pull 300 seconds +\begin{verbatim} +> rrdtool fetch x.rrd -r 300 \ + -s 1200000600 -e 1200000900 AVERAGE + +1200000900: 4.0000000000e+01 +1200001200: 5.0000000000e+01 +\end{verbatim} + +then pull 900 seconds +\begin{verbatim} +> rrdtool fetch x.rrd -r300 \ + -s 1200000000 -e 1200000900 AVERAGE + +1200000600: 2.5000000000e+01 +1200001200: 4.5000000000e+01 +\end{verbatim} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}{fetch recap} +\begin{itemize} +\item looking for complete coverage +\item resolution is only a suggestion +\item time stamp in output marks the END of the period +\item end-time differences cause problem +\item since 1.3 only the start-time is relevant for coverage +\item outside the rra everything is nan +\end{itemize} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}{the size of an rrd - code} +\lstinputlisting{ex/rrd-size.pl} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}{the size of an rrd - result} +\lstinputlisting{ex/rrd-size.txt} +\begin{itemize} +\item overhead is minimal +\item 8 byte per double +\item \ldots per Datasource +\item \ldots per RRA +\item \ldots per RRA Row +\end{itemize} +\end{frame} + +\mode
{The rrd format is highly efficient at storing non + sparse data. The overhead for an extra RRA or DS is normally a few + bytes on top of the 8 Byte per double.} + +\section{Graphing} +\begin{frame}[fragile]{rrdgraph syntax 101} +for graph command syntax, there are two basic rules:\pause +\begin{enumerate} +\item \texttt{-{}-options} start with a double dash\pause +\item graphing instructions start with a letter +\end{enumerate} + +\pause +\begin{center} +\renewcommand{\tabcolsep}{0.4cm} +\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{2} + +\begin{tabular}{|l|}\hline +\begin{minipage}[t]{0.7\textwidth} +\begin{alltt} +rrdtool graph \textit{output} + DEF:var=\textit{rrd}:\textit{DS}:\textit{AVARAGE} + LINE:var#\textit{hex-rgb-color}:Comment + +\end{alltt} +\end{minipage}\\\hline +\end{tabular} +\end{center} + +\texttt{DEF} and \texttt{LINE} are \emph{graphing instructions}. +\end{frame} + +\mode
{The rrd graph command is the most versatile of all rrdtool + commands. It comes with its own little language, optimized for + drawing graphs. There are two kinds of arguments. The options, + which start with a double-dash and the graphing instruction that + start with an uppercase letter.} + +\begin{frame}{normal line} +\addgraph{LINE} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}{lower limit} +\addgraph{LINE-lower} +\end{frame} + +\mode
{Unless you are a baker and are drawing stock diagrams, + make sure your graph displays the zero-y-value. Otherwise it is + pretty difficult to judge the meaning of the graph since perspective + is limited to the numbers on the y-axis.} + +\begin{frame}{slope mode} +\addgraph{LINE-slope} +\end{frame} + +\mode
{RRD graphs are pretty blocky. This is on purpose, since + the data is blocky too. The slope mode is a little concession by + tilting the vertical connections between the 'block' by one pixel.} + +\begin{frame}{anti-anti-aliasing: graph} +\addgraph{LINE-graph-mono} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}{anti-anti-aliasing: font} +\addgraph{LINE-font-mono} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}{line width} +\addgraph{LINE-width} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}{dashed line} +\addgraph{LINE-dash} +\end{frame} + +\mode
{The numbers are in ON-OFF-ON-OFF-\ldots pattern. The + \texttt{dash-offset} property lets you shift the dashing of the line + to the right.} + +\begin{frame}{DEF with :step} +\addgraph{DEF-step} +\end{frame} + + +\begin{frame}{DEF with :start} +\addgraph{DEF-start} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}{DEF with :reduce} +\addgraph{DEF-reduce} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}{AREA simple} +\addgraph{AREA-simple} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}{two AREAs} +\addgraph{AREA-two} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}{transparent AREA} +\addgraph{AREA-trans} +\end{frame} + +\mode
{RRDtool creates real alpha transparency, you can set + the whole graph to be transparent by setting the + graph CANVAS and BACKGROUND colors to transparent.} + +\begin{frame}{stacked AREA} +\addgraph{AREA-stack} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}{time shift} +\addgraph{SHIFT-simple} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}{shifting with extra data} +\addgraph{SHIFT-startdef} +\end{frame} + +\mode
{A normal \texttt{DEF} line requests exactly as much data as it +requires for drawing the graph. When you \texttt{SHIFT} the data, you +may want to adjust the data fetched accordingly.} + +\section{Revers Polish Notation (RPN) Math} + +\mode
{RRDtool lets you apply math operations to the data + prior to showing it to the user. It uses RPN math for this. If you + ever owned a classic HP calculator, you may still remember how RPN + math works. For all the others, there is a little example below, + that shows how todo a little addition in RPN.} + +\begin{frame}[fragile]{RPN basics: Step 0} +$15+23=38$ +\begin{alltt} + 1: NAN + 2: NAN + 3: NAN +\end{alltt} +\end{frame} +\begin{frame}[fragile]{RPN basics: Step 1} +$\mathbf{15}+23=38$ +\begin{alltt} +[15] 1: \textbf{15} + 2: NAN + 3: NAN +\end{alltt} +\end{frame} +\begin{frame}[fragile]{RPN basics: Step 2} +$15+\mathbf{23}=38$ +\begin{alltt} +[23] 1: \textbf{23} + 2: 15 + 3: NAN +\end{alltt} +\end{frame} +\begin{frame}[fragile]{RPN basics: Step 3} +$15\mathbf{+}23=38$ +\begin{alltt} +[+] 1: \textbf{38} + 2: NAN + 3: NAN +\end{alltt} +\end{frame} + + +\begin{frame}{math in the graph (+)} +\addgraph{RPN-simple} +\end{frame} + +\mode
{A simple addition. We add a fixed value to one a data + source. Note that at least one data source must appear inside a CDEF + expression. The input to a CDEF expression can come from another + CDEF expression.} + +\begin{frame}{the MAX function} +\addgraph{RPN-max} +\end{frame} + +\mode
{The MAX function operates on two value. In this example + the input comes from two different data sources.} + +\begin{frame}{the LIMIT function} +\addgraph{RPN-limit} +\end{frame} + +\mode
{The \texttt{LIMIT} function will return UNKNOWN as soon + as the input value is outside the given range. UNKNOWN data does not + get drawn.} + +\begin{frame}{the TREND function} +\addgraph{RPN-trend} +\end{frame} + +\mode
{If a data source varies massively, the TREND function + lets you smooth away by building a moving average. By calculating + the average the output gets shifted by the length of the TREND + calculation.} + +\begin{frame}{the TREND with early start} +\addgraph{RPN-trend-start} +\end{frame} + +\mode
{In the previous graph there was a bit of data missing + at the left border of the graph. This was because rrdgraph loads + exactly the amount of data that is required in the graph (yes same + story as before). By loading more data, we can provide the TREND + function with enough input, so that it can calculate the first few + pixel as well.} + +\begin{frame}{the TREND and SHIFT} +\addgraph{RPN-trend-shift} +\end{frame} + +\mode
{Another interesting option, is to SHIFT the result of + the TREND calculation back in time, so that it matches with the + source data, since this may allow us to see when there are + 'outliners'} + +\begin{frame}{the IF function} +\addgraph{RPN-if} +\end{frame} + +\mode
{The IF function requires three items on the stack. It + turns \texttt{a,b,c,IF} into \texttt{if a then b else c}. There is a + bunch of operators that go along with the \texttt{IF}: \texttt{LT} + less, \texttt{LE} - less or equal, \texttt{EQ} - equal, \texttt{NE} + not equal, \texttt{GE} - greater or equal, \texttt{GT} - greater.} + +\begin{frame}{about invisibility} +\addgraph{RPN-UNKN} +\end{frame} + +\mode
{Unknown values can not be drawn. Here we use this to + just show a value if it is the largest one.} + +\begin{frame}{positional drawing count} +\addgraph{RPN-count} +\end{frame} + +\mode
{If you were into bar charts, you might fake them with + this trick. COUNT, counts the values of the data set. We use this, + together with the modulo operator to suppress drawing the every + third entry.} + +\begin{frame}{access the previous value} +\addgraph{RPN-prev} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}{positional drawing time} +\addgraph{RPN-time} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame}{positional drawing time-shifting} +\addgraph{RPN-time-minus} +\end{frame} + +\mode
{There is also a function for accessing the Unix time + (seconds since 1970). With it you can make your stripes a fixed + number of seconds wide.} + +\section{Consolidation functions} + +\begin{frame}{calculating in the graph} +\addgraph{VDEF-average} +\end{frame} + +\section{Holt-Winters Aberrant Behaviour Detection} + +%\includegraphics[width=0.6\textwidth]{js/scoping-correct} + +\mode{ +\begin{frame} +\begin{center} +% Code walk through of the SmokeTrace application. +\end{center} +\end{frame} + +\begin{frame} +\begin{center} +\Huge ? +\end{center} +\end{frame} +\begin{frame} +\begin{center} +Tobi Oetiker +\end{center} +\end{frame} +} + +\mode
{ +\vspace{3cm} +Tobias Oetiker +} +\end{document} +%%% Local Variables: +%%% TeX-master: "presentation.tex" +%%% mode: flyspell +%%% TeX-PDF-mode: t +%%% End: diff --git a/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/create-first.sh b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/create-first.sh new file mode 100755 index 00000000..06adfdb3 --- /dev/null +++ b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/create-first.sh @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +#!/bin/sh +export PATH=/scratch/rrd4/bin:$PATH +R=rrdtool +$R create first.rrd \ + --step=300 \ + --start=1199999699 \ + DS:temperature:GAUGE:600:-40:100 \ + RRA:AVERAGE:0.4:1:5 \ + RRA:AVERAGE:0.4:3:2 \ + RRA:MIN:0.4:3:2 \ + RRA:MAX:0.4:3:2 + + +#!/bin/sh +R=rrdtool +u(){ + $R update first.rrd $1 +} + +u 1199999700:00 +u 1200000000:10 +u 1200000300:20 +u 1200000600:30 +u 1200000900:40 + + +$R dump first.rrd diff --git a/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/create-first.xml b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/create-first.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000..12552fdf --- /dev/null +++ b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/create-first.xml @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ + + + 0003 + 300 + 1200000900 + + + + temperature + GAUGE + 600 + -4.0000000000e+01 + 1.0000000000e+02 + + + 40 + 0.0000000000e+00 + 0 + + + + + + + AVERAGE + 1 + + + 4.0000000000e-01 + + + + 4.0000000000e+01 + 0.0000000000e+00 + NaN + 0 + + + + NaN + 1.0000000000e+01 + 2.0000000000e+01 + 3.0000000000e+01 + 4.0000000000e+01 + + + + + + AVERAGE + 3 + + + 4.0000000000e-01 + + + + 2.0000000000e+01 + 3.0000000000e+01 + 4.0000000000e+01 + 0 + + + + NaN + 2.0000000000e+01 + + + + + + + + MIN + 3 + + + 4.0000000000e-01 + + + + 1.0000000000e+01 + 3.0000000000e+01 + 3.0000000000e+01 + 0 + + + + NaN + 1.0000000000e+01 + + + + + + + MAX + 3 + + + 4.0000000000e-01 + + + + 3.0000000000e+01 + 3.0000000000e+01 + 4.0000000000e+01 + 0 + + + + NaN + 3.0000000000e+01 + + + + diff --git a/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/graph-examples.pl b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/graph-examples.pl new file mode 100755 index 00000000..25acaf96 --- /dev/null +++ b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/graph-examples.pl @@ -0,0 +1,222 @@ +#!/usr/bin/perl +#$ENV{PATH}='/scratch/rrd4/bin'; +$ENV{PATH}=$ENV{HOME}.'/checkouts/rrdtool/branches/1.3/program/src:'.$ENV{PATH}; +my $R=rrdtool; +my $w=320 ; +my $h=200 ; +my $start = 1199999700; +if (not -f 'x.rrd'){ + system $R,'create','x.rrd', + '--step' => 300, + '--start' => ($start-1), + 'DS:a:GAUGE:600:-40:2100', + 'DS:b:GAUGE:600:-40:2100', + 'DS:r:GAUGE:600:-40:2100', + 'RRA:AVERAGE:0.4:1:2100', +# 'RRA:AVERAGE:0.4:3:100', + 'RRA:MIN:0.4:3:2100', + 'RRA:MAX:0.4:3:2100'; + + my @updates; + for (my $i = 1; $i < 100;$i++){ + push @updates, ($i*300+$start).':'.(sin($i/10)*40+sin($i/19)*10+50).':'.(cos($i/10)*40+cos($i/33)*15+70).':'.(cos($i/10)*10+sin($i/3)*35+70+rand(40)); + } + system $R,'update','x.rrd',@updates; +} + +sub rg { + my $file = shift; + print STDERR $file,"\t"; + if (-f $file){ + print STDERR " skip\n"; + return; + } + my @G = ( '--start' => $start+3600, + '--end' => $start + 100 * 280, +# '--full-size-mode', + '--color=BACK#ffff', + '--color=CANVAS#ffff', + '--color=SHADEA#ffff', + '--color=SHADEB#ffff', + '--lower-limit' => 0, + '--pango-markup', + '--height' => $h, '--width' => $w, + '--imgformat' => 'PDF', + 'DEF:a=x.rrd:a:AVERAGE', + 'DEF:r=x.rrd:r:AVERAGE', + 'DEF:b=x.rrd:b:AVERAGE'); + system $R, 'graph', $file, @G, @_; +} + +rg 'LINE.pdf', + '--lower-limit' => 1000, + 'LINE:a#11a03b:DEF\:a=x.rrd\:a\:AVERAGE', + 'LINE:b#a1003b:DEF\:b=x.rrd\:b\:AVERAGE\l'; + +rg 'LINE-lower.pdf', + 'LINE:a#11a03b', + 'LINE:b#a1003b', + 'COMMENT:--lower-limit=0'; + +rg 'LINE-slope.pdf', + '--slope-mode', + 'LINE:a#11a03b', + 'LINE:b#a1003b', + 'COMMENT:--slope-mode'; + +rg 'LINE-graph-monos.png', + '--graph-render-mode' => 'mono', + '--imgformat' => 'PNG', + '--zoom'=>1, + 'LINE:a#11a03b', + 'LINE3:b#a1003b', + 'COMMENT:--graph-render-mode=mono'; + +system "convert -scale 800% LINE-graph-monos.png LINE-graph-mono.png" unless -f "LINE-graph-mono.png"; + +rg 'LINE-font-monos.png', + '--font-render-mode' => 'mono', + '--zoom'=>1, + '--imgformat' => 'PNG', + 'LINE:a#11a03b', + 'LINE3:b#a1003b', + 'COMMENT:--font-render-mode=mono'; + +system "convert -scale 800% LINE-font-monos.png LINE-font-mono.png" unless -f "LINE-font-mono.png"; + +rg "LINE-width.pdf", + 'LINE1:b#ff00ff:LINE1\:b#ff00ff', + 'LINE4:a#ffaa00:LINE4\:a#ffaa00\l'; + +rg "LINE-dash.pdf", + 'LINE1:a#ff00ff:LINE1\:a#ff00ff\:\:dashes=10,10,80,10\n:dashes=10,20,80,20', + 'LINE2:b#ffaa00:LINE2\:b#ffaa00\:\:dashes=1,3\:dash-offset=10:dashes=1,3:dash-offset=3'; + + +rg "DEF-step.pdf", + 'DEF:c=x.rrd:a:AVERAGE:step=1800', + 'LINE3:a#ccc:DEF\:a=x.rrd\:a\:AVERAGE\n', + 'LINE1:c#f00:DEF\:b=x.rrd\:a\:AVERAGE\:step=1800'; + +rg "DEF-reduce.pdf", + 'DEF:c=x.rrd:a:AVERAGE:step=1800:reduce=MIN', + "DEF:d=x.rrd:a:AVERAGE:step=1800:reduce=MAX", + 'LINE1:c#f00:DEF\:b=x.rrd\:a\:AVERAGE\:step=1800\:reduce=MIN\n', + 'LINE1:d#0a0:DEF\:c=x.rrd\:a\:AVERAGE\:step=1800\:reduce=MAX\n', + 'LINE1:a#888:DEF\:a=x.rrd\:a\:AVERAGE'; + +my $newstart = $start + 40*300; +rg "DEF-start.pdf", + 'DEF:c=x.rrd:a:AVERAGE:start='.$newstart, + 'LINE5:a#ccc:DEF\:a=x.rrd\:a\:AVERAGE\n', + 'LINE1:c#f00:DEF\:b=x.rrd\:a\:AVERAGE\:start='.$newstart.''; + +rg 'AREA-simple.pdf', + 'AREA:a#f1805b:AREA\:a#a1003b', + 'LINE2:b#1180fb:LINE\:b#11a03b\l'; + +rg 'AREA-two.pdf', + 'AREA:a#f1805b:AREA\:a#a1003b', + 'AREA:b#1180fb:AREA\:b#11a03b\l'; + +rg 'AREA-trans.pdf', + 'AREA:a#f1805bff:AREA\:a#a1003bff', + 'AREA:b#1180fb60:AREA\:b#11a03b60\l'; + +rg 'AREA-stack.pdf', + 'AREA:a#f1805b:AREA\:a#a1003b', + 'AREA:b#1180fb:AREA\:b#11a03b\:...\:STACK\l:STACK'; + +rg 'SHIFT-simple.pdf', + 'DEF:c=x.rrd:a:AVERAGE', + 'CDEF:d=c', + 'SHIFT:d:3600', + 'LINE:c#1f9', + 'LINE:d#417:CDEF\:b=a SHIFT\:b\:3600\l'; + + +rg 'SHIFT-startdef.pdf', + 'DEF:c=x.rrd:a:AVERAGE:start='.($start-3600), + 'CDEF:d=c', + 'SHIFT:d:3600', + 'LINE:c#1f9', + 'LINE:d#417:CDEF\:b=a SHIFT\:b\:3600\l', + 'COMMENT:DEF\:a=x.rrd\:a\:AVERAGE\:start='.($start-3600).'\l'; + +rg 'RPN-simple.pdf', + 'CDEF:c=a,20,+', + 'LINE:a#1f9', + 'LINE:c#417:CDEF\:b=a,20,+\l'; + +rg 'RPN-max.pdf', + 'CDEF:c=a,b,MAX', + 'AREA:a#1f9:a', + 'AREA:b#41f:b', + 'LINE2:c#f00:c', + 'COMMENT:c=a,b,MAX\l'; + +rg 'RPN-limit.pdf', + 'CDEF:c=a,30,70,LIMIT', + 'LINE4:a#1f9:a', + 'LINE2:c#41f:b', + 'COMMENT:b=a,30,70,LIMIT\l'; + +rg 'RPN-trend.pdf', + 'CDEF:k=r,3600,TREND', + 'LINE1:r#3a1:a', + 'LINE1:k#21f:b', + 'COMMENT:b=a,3600,TREND\l'; + +rg 'RPN-trend-start.pdf', + 'DEF:rr=x.rrd:r:AVERAGE:start='.($start-3600), + 'CDEF:k=rr,3600,TREND', + 'COMMENT:DEF\:a=x.rrd\:a\:AVERAGE\:start='.($start-3600).'\l', + 'LINE1:r#3a1:a', + 'LINE1:k#21f:b', + 'COMMENT:b=a,3600,TREND\l'; +rg 'RPN-trend-shift.pdf', + 'DEF:rr=x.rrd:r:AVERAGE:start='.($start-3600), + 'CDEF:k=rr,3600,TREND', + 'SHIFT:k:-1800', + 'LINE1:r#3a1:a', + 'COMMENT:CDEF\:b=a,3600,TREND SHIFT\:b\:-1800', + 'LINE1:k#21f:b\l'; + +rg 'RPN-if.pdf', + 'CDEF:c=a,b,LT,a,b,IF,4,-', + 'LINE1:a#3a1:a', + 'LINE1:b#21f:b', + 'AREA:c#f00a:c=a,b,LT,a,b,IF,4,-\l'; + +rg 'RPN-UNKN.pdf', + 'CDEF:c=a,b,GT,a,UNKN,IF', + 'CDEF:d=a,b,LT,b,UNKN,IF', + 'AREA:c#8a1:c=a,b,GT,a,UNKN,IF', + 'AREA:d#91f:d=a,b,LT,b,UNKN,IF\l'; + +rg 'RPN-count.pdf', + 'CDEF:c=COUNT,3,%,0,EQ,a,UNKN,IF', + 'AREA:c#8a1:c=COUNT,3,%,0,EQ,a,UNKN,IF'; + +rg 'RPN-time.pdf', + 'CDEF:c=TIME,1800,%,900,GE,a,UNKN,IF', + 'AREA:c#8a1:c=TIME,1800,%,900,GE,a,UNKN,IF'; + +rg 'RPN-time-minus.pdf', + 'CDEF:c=TIME,1,-,1800,%,900,GE,a,UNKN,IF', + 'AREA:c#8a1:c=TIME,1,-,1800,%,900,GE,a,UNKN,IF'; + +rg 'RPN-prev.pdf', + 'CDEF:c=COUNT,3,%,0,EQ,a,UNKN,IF', + 'CDEF:d=COUNT,3,%,1,EQ,PREV,c,IF', + 'COMMENT:CDEF\:c=COUNT,3,%,0,EQ,a,UNKN,IF', + 'AREA:d#8a1:d=COUNT,3,%,1,EQ,PREV,c,IF'; + +rg 'VDEF-average.pdf', + 'VDEF:aavg=a,AVERAGE', + 'LINE2:a#11a03b88', + 'LINE:aavg#01902b:b', + 'GPRINT:aavg:avg %.1lf', + 'COMMENT:VDEF\:b=a,AVERAGE GPRINT\:b\:avg %.1lf\l'; + + diff --git a/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/rrd-size.pl b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/rrd-size.pl new file mode 100755 index 00000000..a400af05 --- /dev/null +++ b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/rrd-size.pl @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +#!/usr/bin/perl +sub rrd_sizer { + my ($ds_cnt,$rra_sz,$rra_cnt) = @_; + system 'rrdtool', 'create', 'sizer.rrd', + map({ "DS:d${_}:GAUGE:600:U:U" } 1..$ds_cnt), + map({ "RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:1:$rra_sz" } 1..$rra_cnt); + my $size = -s 'sizer.rrd'; + printf "DSs: %1d RRA Row: %1d RRAs: %1d == %3d byte\n", + $ds_cnt,$rra_sz,$rra_cnt,$size; + return $size; + } +# DSs RRAs RRA Rows +my $base = rrd_sizer 1, 1, 1; +my $ds = rrd_sizer 2, 1, 1; +my $rra_sz = rrd_sizer 1, 2, 1; +my $rra_cnt = rrd_sizer 1, 1, 2; +printf "+1 DS: %3d byte\n",($ds - $base); +printf "+1 RRA Row: %3d byte\n",($rra_sz - $base); +printf "+1 RRA: %3d byte\n",($rra_cnt - $base); diff --git a/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/rrd-size.txt b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/rrd-size.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..8bbb45b8 --- /dev/null +++ b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/rrd-size.txt @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +DSs: 1 RRA Row: 1 RRAs: 1 == 552 byte +DSs: 2 RRA Row: 1 RRAs: 1 == 872 byte +DSs: 1 RRA Row: 2 RRAs: 1 == 560 byte +DSs: 1 RRA Row: 1 RRAs: 2 == 752 byte ++1 DS: 320 byte ++1 RRA Row: 8 byte ++1 RRA: 200 byte diff --git a/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/update-real.sh b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/update-real.sh new file mode 100755 index 00000000..26054e12 --- /dev/null +++ b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/update-real.sh @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +#!/bin/sh +export PATH=/scratch/rrd4/bin:$PATH +R=rrdtool +$R create real.rrd \ + --step=300 \ + --start=1199999699 \ + DS:distance:COUNTER:600:-40:100 \ + RRA:AVERAGE:0.4:1:5 + +u(){ + $R update real.rrd $1 +} + +u 1200000000:0 +u 1200000150:15 +u 1200000310:31 +u 1200000640:64 +u 1200000910:91 + +$R fetch real.rrd -s 1200000000 -e 1200000899 AVERAGE diff --git a/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/update-real.txt b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/update-real.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..42266de5 --- /dev/null +++ b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/ex/update-real.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + distance + +1200000300: 1.0000000000e-01 +1200000600: 1.0000000000e-01 +1200000900: 1.0000000000e-01 diff --git a/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/handouts.tex b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/handouts.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000..d7430850 --- /dev/null +++ b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/handouts.tex @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +\documentclass[letterpaper,12pt,titlepage]{article} +\usepackage{beamerarticle} +\input{body} diff --git a/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/presentation.tex b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/presentation.tex new file mode 100644 index 00000000..302e243d --- /dev/null +++ b/tutorial/lisa2008/rrd-by-example/presentation.tex @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +\documentclass{beamer} +\input{body} -- 2.30.2