setup: sanitize absolute and funny paths in get_pathspec()

setup: sanitize absolute and funny paths in get_pathspec()

The prefix_path() function called from get_pathspec() is
responsible for translating list of user-supplied pathspecs to
list of pathspecs that is relative to the root of the work
tree.  When working inside a subdirectory, the user-supplied
pathspecs are taken to be relative to the current subdirectory.

Among special path components in pathspecs, we used to accept
and interpret only "." ("the directory", meaning a no-op) and
".."  ("up one level") at the beginning.  Everything else was
passed through as-is.

For example, if you are in Documentation/ directory of the
project, you can name Documentation/howto/maintain-git.txt as:

    howto/maintain-git.txt
    ../Documentation/howto/maitain-git.txt
    ../././Documentation/howto/maitain-git.txt

but not as:

    howto/./maintain-git.txt
    $(pwd)/howto/maintain-git.txt

This patch updates prefix_path() in several ways:

 - If the pathspec is not absolute, prefix (i.e. the current
   subdirectory relative to the root of the work tree, with
   terminating slash, if not empty) and the pathspec is
   concatenated first and used in the next step.  Otherwise,
   that absolute pathspec is used in the next step.

 - Then special path components "." (no-op) and ".." (up one
   level) are interpreted to simplify the path.  It is an error
   to have too many ".." to cause the intermediate result to
   step outside of the input to this step.

 - If the original pathspec was not absolute, the result from
   the previous step is the resulting "sanitized" pathspec.
   Otherwise, the result from the previous step is still
   absolute, and it is an error if it does not begin with the
   directory that corresponds to the root of the work tree.  The
   directory is stripped away from the result and is returned.

 - In any case, the resulting pathspec in the array
   get_pathspec() returns omit the ones that caused errors.

With this patch, the last two examples also behave as expected.

Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>