check_icmp plugin from A Ericsson

git-svn-id: https://nagiosplug.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/nagiosplug/nagiosplug/trunk@975 f882894a-f735-0410-b71e-b25c423dba1c

diff --git a/plugins/check_icmp.c b/plugins/check_icmp.c
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..45bfcc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/check_icmp.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1381 @@
+/*
+ * check_icmp - A hack of fping2 to work with nagios.
+ *              This way we don't have to use the output parser.
+ *
+ * VIEWING NOTES:
+ * This file was formatted with tab indents at a tab stop of 4.
+ *
+ * It is highly recommended that your editor is set to this
+ * tab stop setting for viewing and editing.
+ *
+ * COPYLEFT;
+ * This programs copyright status is currently undetermined. Much of
+ * the code in it comes from the fping2 program which used to be licensed
+ * under the Stanford General Software License (available at
+ * http://graphics.stanford.edu/software/license.html). It is presently
+ * unclear what license (if any) applies to the original code at the
+ * moment.
+ *
+ * The fping website can be found at http://www.fping.com
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+
+#include <sys/file.h>
+
+#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+
+/* Linux has bizarre ip.h and ip_icmp.h */
+/* Taken from the fping distro. Thank you. */
+#if defined( __linux__ )
+#include "linux.h"
+#else
+#include <netinet/ip.h>
+#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
+#endif /* defined(__linux__) */
+
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+#include <netdb.h>
+
+/* RS6000 has sys/select.h */
+#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SELECT_H
+#include <sys/select.h>
+#endif                                                 /* HAVE_SYS_SELECT_H */
+
+/* rta threshold values can't be larger than MAXTTL seconds */
+#ifndef MAXTTL
+#  define MAXTTL       255
+#endif
+#ifndef IPDEFTTL
+#  define IPDEFTTL     64
+#endif
+
+/*** externals ***/
+extern char *optarg;
+extern int optind, opterr;
+
+/*** Constants ***/
+#define REV_DATE       "2004-09-06"
+#define EMAIL          "ae@op5.se"
+#define VERSION                "0.8"
+
+#ifndef INADDR_NONE
+# define INADDR_NONE 0xffffffU
+#endif
+
+/*** Ping packet defines ***/
+/* data added after ICMP header for our nefarious purposes */
+typedef struct ping_data {
+       unsigned int ping_count;        /* counts up to -[n|p] count or 1 */
+       struct timeval ping_ts;         /* time sent */
+} PING_DATA;
+
+#define MIN_PING_DATA  sizeof(PING_DATA)
+#define        MAX_IP_PACKET   65536   /* (theoretical) max IP packet size */
+#define SIZE_IP_HDR            20
+#define SIZE_ICMP_HDR  ICMP_MINLEN     /* from ip_icmp.h */
+#define MAX_PING_DATA  (MAX_IP_PACKET - SIZE_IP_HDR - SIZE_ICMP_HDR)
+
+/*
+ *  Interval is the minimum amount of time between sending a ping packet to
+ *  any host.
+ *
+ *  Perhost_interval is the minimum amount of time between sending a ping
+ *  packet to a particular responding host
+ *
+ *  Timeout  is the initial amount of time between sending a ping packet to
+ *  a particular non-responding host.
+ *
+ *  Retry is the number of ping packets to send to a non-responding host
+ *  before giving up (in is-it-alive mode).
+ *
+ *  Backoff factor is how much longer to wait on successive retries.
+ */
+#ifndef DEFAULT_INTERVAL
+#define DEFAULT_INTERVAL 25            /* default time between packets (msec) */
+#endif
+
+#ifndef DEFAULT_RETRY
+#define DEFAULT_RETRY  1                       /* number of times to retry a host */
+#endif
+
+#ifndef DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
+# define DEFAULT_TIMEOUT 1000
+#endif
+
+#ifndef DEFAULT_BACKOFF_FACTOR
+#define DEFAULT_BACKOFF_FACTOR 1.5     /* exponential timeout factor */
+#endif
+#define MIN_BACKOFF_FACTOR     1.0     /* exponential timeout factor */
+#define MAX_BACKOFF_FACTOR     5.0     /* exponential timeout factor */
+
+#ifndef DNS_TIMEOUT
+#define DNS_TIMEOUT 1000               /* time in usec for dns retry */
+#endif
+
+#ifndef MAX_RTA_THRESHOLD_VALUE
+# define MAX_RTA_THRESHOLD_VALUE 120*1000000 /* 2 minutes should be enough */
+#endif
+#ifndef MIN_RTA_THRESHOLD_VALUE
+# define MIN_RTA_THRESHOLD_VALUE 10000 /* minimum RTA threshold value */
+#endif
+
+/* sized so as to be like traditional ping */
+#define DEFAULT_PING_DATA_SIZE (MIN_PING_DATA + 44)
+
+/* maxima and minima */
+#define MAX_COUNT                              50              /* max count even if we're root */
+#define MAX_RETRY                              5
+#define MIN_INTERVAL                   25      /* msecs */
+#define MIN_TIMEOUT                            50      /* msecs */
+
+/* response time array flags */
+#define RESP_WAITING   -1
+#define RESP_UNUSED            -2
+
+#define        ICMP_UNREACH_MAXTYPE    15
+
+/* entry used to keep track of each host we are pinging */
+struct host_entry {
+       int i;                                          /* index into array */
+       char *name;                                     /* name as given by user */
+       char *host;                                     /* text description of host */
+       struct sockaddr_in saddr;       /* internet address */
+       unsigned short **pr;            /* TCP port range to check for connectivity */
+       struct timeval last_send_time;  /* time of last packet sent */
+       unsigned int num_sent;          /* number of ping packets sent */
+       unsigned int num_recv;          /* number of pings received */
+       unsigned int total_time;        /* sum of response times */
+       unsigned int status;            /* this hosts status */
+       unsigned int running;           /* unset when through sending */
+       unsigned int waiting;           /* waiting for response */
+       int *resp_times;        /* individual response times */
+       struct host_entry *prev, *next; /* doubly linked list */
+};
+
+typedef struct host_entry HOST_ENTRY;
+
+struct host_name_list {
+       char *entry;
+       struct host_name_list *next;
+};
+
+/* threshold structure */
+struct threshold {
+       unsigned int pl;        /* packet loss */
+       unsigned int rta;       /* roundtrip time average */
+};
+typedef struct threshold threshold;
+
+/*****************************************************************************
+ *                             Global Variables                              *
+ *****************************************************************************/
+
+HOST_ENTRY *rrlist = NULL;             /* linked list of hosts be pinged */
+HOST_ENTRY **table = NULL;             /* array of pointers to items in the list */
+HOST_ENTRY *cursor;
+
+char *prog;                                            /* our name */
+int ident;                                             /* our pid, for marking icmp packets */
+int sock;                                              /* socket */
+u_int debug = 0;
+
+/* threshold value defaults;
+ * WARNING;  60% packetloss or 200 msecs round trip average
+ * CRITICAL; 80% packetloss or 500 msecs round trip average */
+threshold warn = {60, 200 * 1000};
+threshold crit = {80, 500 * 1000};
+
+/* times get *100 because all times are calculated in 10 usec units, not ms */
+unsigned int retry = DEFAULT_RETRY;
+u_int timeout = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT * 100;
+u_int interval = DEFAULT_INTERVAL * 100;
+float backoff = DEFAULT_BACKOFF_FACTOR;
+u_int select_time;     /* calculated using maximum threshold rta value */
+u_int ping_data_size = DEFAULT_PING_DATA_SIZE;
+u_int ping_pkt_size;
+unsigned int count = 5;
+unsigned int trials = 1;
+
+/* global stats */
+int total_replies = 0;
+int num_jobs = 0;                              /* number of hosts still to do */
+int num_hosts = 0;                             /* total number of hosts */
+int num_alive = 0;                             /* total number alive */
+int num_unreachable = 0;               /* total number unreachable */
+int num_noaddress = 0;                 /* total number of addresses not found */
+int num_timeout = 0;                   /* number of timed out packets */
+int num_pingsent = 0;                  /* total pings sent */
+int num_pingreceived = 0;              /* total pings received */
+int num_othericmprcvd = 0;             /* total non-echo-reply ICMP received */
+
+struct timeval current_time;   /* current time (pseudo) */
+struct timeval start_time;
+struct timeval end_time;
+struct timeval last_send_time; /* time last ping was sent */
+struct timezone tz;
+
+/* switches */
+int generate_flag = 0;                 /* flag for IP list generation */
+int stats_flag, unreachable_flag, alive_flag;
+int elapsed_flag, version_flag, count_flag;
+int name_flag, addr_flag, backoff_flag;
+int multif_flag;
+
+/*** prototypes ***/
+void add_name(char *);
+void add_addr(char *, char *, struct in_addr);
+char *na_cat(char *, struct in_addr);
+char *cpystr(char *);
+void crash(char *);
+char *get_host_by_address(struct in_addr);
+int in_cksum(u_short *, int);
+void u_sleep(int);
+int recvfrom_wto(int, char *, int, struct sockaddr *, int);
+void remove_job(HOST_ENTRY *);
+void send_ping(int, HOST_ENTRY *);
+long timeval_diff(struct timeval *, struct timeval *);
+void usage(void);
+int wait_for_reply(int);
+void finish(void);
+int handle_random_icmp(struct icmp *, struct sockaddr_in *);
+char *sprint_tm(int);
+int get_threshold(char *, threshold *);
+
+/*** the various exit-states */
+enum {
+       STATE_OK = 0,
+       STATE_WARNING,
+       STATE_CRITICAL,
+       STATE_UNKNOWN,
+       STATE_DEPENDANT,
+       STATE_OOB
+};
+/* the strings that correspond to them */
+char *status_string[STATE_OOB] = {
+       "OK",
+       "WARNING",
+       "CRITICAL",
+       "UNKNOWN",
+       "DEPENDANT"
+};
+
+int status = STATE_OK;
+int fin_stat = STATE_OK;
+
+/*****************************************************************************
+ *                           Code block start                                *
+ *****************************************************************************/
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+       int c;
+       u_int lt, ht;
+       int advance;
+       struct protoent *proto;
+       uid_t uid;
+       struct host_name_list *host_ptr, *host_base_ptr;
+
+       if(strchr(argv[0], '/')) prog = strrchr(argv[0], '/') + 1;
+       else prog = argv[0];
+
+       /* check if we are root */
+       if(geteuid()) {
+               printf("Root access needed (for raw sockets)\n");
+               exit(STATE_UNKNOWN);
+       }
+
+       /* confirm that ICMP is available on this machine */
+       if((proto = getprotobyname("icmp")) == NULL)
+               crash("icmp: unknown protocol");
+
+       /* create raw socket for ICMP calls (ping) */
+       sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, proto->p_proto);
+
+       if(sock < 0)
+               crash("can't create raw socket");
+
+       /* drop privileges now that we have the socket */
+       if((uid = getuid())) {
+               seteuid(uid);
+       }
+       
+       if(argc < 2) usage();
+
+       ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF;
+
+       if(!(host_base_ptr = malloc(sizeof(struct host_name_list)))) {
+               crash("Unable to allocate memory for host name list\n");
+       }
+       host_ptr = host_base_ptr;
+
+       backoff_flag = 0;
+       opterr = 1;
+
+       /* get command line options
+        * -H denotes a host (actually ignored and picked up later)
+        * -h for help
+        * -V or -v for version
+        * -d to display hostnames rather than addresses
+        * -t sets timeout for packets and tcp connects
+        * -r defines retries (persistence)
+        * -p or -n sets packet count (5)
+        * -b sets packet size (56)
+        * -w sets warning threshhold (200,40%)
+        * -c sets critical threshhold (500,80%)
+        * -i sets interval for both packet transmissions and connect attempts
+        */
+#define OPT_STR "amH:hvVDdAp:n:b:r:t:i:w:c:"
+       while((c = getopt(argc, argv, OPT_STR)) != EOF) {
+               switch (c) {
+                       case 'H':
+                               if(!(host_ptr->entry = malloc(strlen(optarg) + 1))) {
+                                       crash("Failed to allocate memory for hostname");
+                               }
+                               memset(host_ptr->entry, 0, strlen(optarg) + 1);
+                               host_ptr->entry = memcpy(host_ptr->entry, optarg, strlen(optarg));
+                               if(!(host_ptr->next = malloc(sizeof(struct host_name_list))))
+                                       crash("Failed to allocate memory for hostname");
+                               host_ptr = host_ptr->next;
+                               host_ptr->next = NULL;
+//                             add_name(optarg);
+                               break;
+                               /* this is recognized, but silently ignored.
+                                * host(s) are added later on */
+
+                               break;
+                       case 'w':
+                               if(get_threshold(optarg, &warn)) {
+                                       printf("Illegal threshold pair specified for -%c", c);
+                                       usage();
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'c':
+                               if(get_threshold(optarg, &crit)) {
+                                       printf("Illegal threshold pair specified for -%c", c);
+                                       usage();
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case 't':
+                               if(!(timeout = (u_int) strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0) * 100)) {
+                                       printf("option -%c requires integer argument\n", c);
+                                       usage();
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'r':
+                               if(!(retry = (u_int) strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0))) {
+                                       printf("option -%c requires integer argument\n", c);
+                                       usage();
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'i':
+                               if(!(interval = (u_int) strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0) * 100)) {
+                                       printf("option -%c requires positive non-zero integer argument\n", c);
+                                       usage();
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'p':
+                       case 'n':
+                               if(!(count = (u_int) strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0))) {
+                                       printf("option -%c requires positive non-zero integer argument\n", c);
+                                       usage();
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'b':
+                               if(!(ping_data_size = (u_int) strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0))) {
+                                       printf("option -%c requires integer argument\n", c);
+                                       usage();
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'h':
+                               usage();
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'e':
+                               elapsed_flag = 1;
+                               break;
+                               
+                       case 'm':
+                               multif_flag = 1;
+                               break;
+                               
+                       case 'd':
+                               name_flag = 1;
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'A':
+                               addr_flag = 1;
+                               break;
+                               
+                       case 's':
+                               stats_flag = 1;
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'u':
+                               unreachable_flag = 1;
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'a':
+                               alive_flag = 1;
+                               break;
+
+                       case 'v':
+                               printf("%s: Version %s $Date$\n", prog, VERSION, REV_DATE);
+                               printf("%s: comments to %s\n", prog, EMAIL);
+                               exit(STATE_OK);
+
+                       case 'g':
+                               /* use IP list generation */
+                               /* mutex with file input or command line targets */
+                               generate_flag = 1;
+                               break;
+
+                       default:
+                               printf("option flag -%c specified, but not recognized\n", c);
+                               usage();
+                               break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* arguments are parsed, so now we validate them */
+
+       if(count > 1) count_flag = 1;
+
+       /* set threshold values to 10usec units (inherited from fping.c) */
+       crit.rta = crit.rta / 10;
+       warn.rta = warn.rta / 10;
+       select_time = crit.rta;
+       /* this isn't critical, but will most likely not be what the user expects
+        * so we tell him/her about it, but keep running anyways */
+       if(warn.pl > crit.pl || warn.rta > crit.rta) {
+               select_time = warn.rta;
+               printf("(WARNING threshold > CRITICAL threshold) :: ");
+               fflush(stdout);
+       }
+
+       /* A timeout smaller than maximum rta threshold makes no sense */
+       if(timeout < crit.rta) timeout = crit.rta;
+       else if(timeout < warn.rta) timeout = warn.rta;
+
+       if((interval < MIN_INTERVAL * 100 || retry > MAX_RETRY) && getuid()) {
+               printf("%s: these options are too risky for mere mortals.\n", prog);
+               printf("%s: You need i >= %u and r < %u\n",
+                               prog, MIN_INTERVAL, MAX_RETRY);
+               printf("Current settings; i = %d, r = %d\n",
+                          interval / 100, retry);
+               usage();
+       }
+
+       if((ping_data_size > MAX_PING_DATA) || (ping_data_size < MIN_PING_DATA)) {
+               printf("%s: data size %u not valid, must be between %u and %u\n",
+                               prog, ping_data_size, MIN_PING_DATA, MAX_PING_DATA);
+               usage();
+
+       }
+
+       if((backoff > MAX_BACKOFF_FACTOR) || (backoff < MIN_BACKOFF_FACTOR)) {
+               printf("%s: backoff factor %.1f not valid, must be between %.1f and %.1f\n",
+                               prog, backoff, MIN_BACKOFF_FACTOR, MAX_BACKOFF_FACTOR);
+               usage();
+
+       }
+
+       if(count > MAX_COUNT) {
+               printf("%s: count %u not valid, must be less than %u\n",
+                               prog, count, MAX_COUNT);
+               usage();
+       }
+
+       if(count_flag) {
+               alive_flag = unreachable_flag = 0;
+       }
+
+       trials = (count > retry + 1) ? count : retry + 1;
+
+       /* handle host names supplied on command line or in a file */
+       /* if the generate_flag is on, then generate the IP list */
+       argv = &argv[optind];
+
+       /* cover allowable conditions */
+
+       /* generate requires command line parameters beyond the switches */
+       if(generate_flag && !*argv) {
+               printf("generate flag requires command line parameters beyond switches\n");
+               usage();
+       }
+
+       if(*argv && !generate_flag) {
+               while(*argv) {
+                       if(!(host_ptr->entry = malloc(strlen(*argv) + 1))) {
+                               crash("Failed to allocate memory for hostname");
+                       }
+                       memset(host_ptr->entry, 0, strlen(*argv) + 1);
+                       host_ptr->entry = memcpy(host_ptr->entry, *argv, strlen(*argv));
+                       if(!(host_ptr->next = malloc(sizeof(struct host_name_list))))
+                               crash("Failed to allocate memory for hostname");
+                       host_ptr = host_ptr->next;
+                       host_ptr->next = NULL;
+
+//                     add_name(*argv);
+                       argv++;
+               }
+       }
+
+       // now add all the hosts
+       host_ptr = host_base_ptr;
+       while(host_ptr->next) {
+               add_name(host_ptr->entry);
+               host_ptr = host_ptr->next;
+       }
+
+       if(!num_hosts) {
+               printf("No hosts to work with!\n\n");
+               usage();
+       }
+
+       /* allocate array to hold outstanding ping requests */
+       table = (HOST_ENTRY **) malloc(sizeof(HOST_ENTRY *) * num_hosts);
+       if(!table) crash("Can't malloc array of hosts");
+
+       cursor = rrlist;
+
+       for(num_jobs = 0; num_jobs < num_hosts; num_jobs++) {
+               table[num_jobs] = cursor;
+               cursor->i = num_jobs;
+
+               cursor = cursor->next;
+       }                                                       /* FOR */
+
+       ping_pkt_size = ping_data_size + SIZE_ICMP_HDR;
+
+       signal(SIGINT, (void *)finish);
+
+       gettimeofday(&start_time, &tz);
+       current_time = start_time;
+
+       last_send_time.tv_sec = current_time.tv_sec - 10000;
+
+       cursor = rrlist;
+       advance = 0;
+
+       /* main loop */
+       while(num_jobs) {
+               /* fetch all packets that receive within time boundaries */
+               while(num_pingsent &&
+                         cursor &&
+                         cursor->num_sent > cursor->num_recv &&
+                         wait_for_reply(sock)) ;
+
+               if(cursor && advance) {
+                       cursor = cursor->next;
+               }
+
+               gettimeofday(&current_time, &tz);
+               lt = timeval_diff(&current_time, &last_send_time);
+               ht = timeval_diff(&current_time, &cursor->last_send_time);
+
+               advance = 1;
+
+               /* if it's OK to send while counting or looping or starting */
+               if(lt > interval) {
+                       /* send if starting or looping */
+                       if((cursor->num_sent == 0)) {
+                               send_ping(sock, cursor);
+                               continue;
+                       }                                       /* IF */
+
+                       /* send if counting and count not exceeded */
+                       if(count_flag) {
+                               if(cursor->num_sent < count) {
+                                       send_ping(sock, cursor);
+                                       continue;
+                               }                               /* IF */
+                       }                                       /* IF */
+               }                                               /* IF */
+
+               /* is-it-alive mode, and timeout exceeded while waiting for a reply */
+               /*   and we haven't exceeded our retries                            */
+               if((lt > interval) && !count_flag && !cursor->num_recv &&
+                  (ht > timeout) && (cursor->waiting < retry + 1)) {
+                       num_timeout++;
+
+                       /* try again */
+                       send_ping(sock, cursor);
+                       continue;
+               }                                               /* IF */
+
+               /* didn't send, can we remove? */
+
+               /* remove if counting and count exceeded */
+               if(count_flag) {
+                       if((cursor->num_sent >= count)) {
+                               remove_job(cursor);
+                               continue;
+                       }                                       /* IF */
+               }                                               /* IF */
+               else {
+                       /* normal mode, and we got one */
+                       if(cursor->num_recv) {
+                               remove_job(cursor);
+                               continue;
+                       }                                       /* IF */
+
+                       /* normal mode, and timeout exceeded while waiting for a reply */
+                       /* and we've run out of retries, so node is unreachable */
+                       if((ht > timeout) && (cursor->waiting >= retry + 1)) {
+                               num_timeout++;
+                               remove_job(cursor);
+                               continue;
+
+                       }                                       /* IF */
+               }                                               /* ELSE */
+
+               /* could send to this host, so keep considering it */
+               if(ht > interval) {
+                       advance = 0;
+               }
+       }                                                       /* WHILE */
+
+       finish();
+       return 0;
+}                                                              /* main() */
+
+/************************************************************
+ * Description:
+ *
+ * Main program clean up and exit point
+ ************************************************************/
+void finish()
+{
+       int i;
+       HOST_ENTRY *h;
+
+       gettimeofday(&end_time, &tz);
+
+       /* tot up unreachables */
+       for(i=0; i<num_hosts; i++) {
+               h = table[i];
+
+               if(!h->num_recv) {
+                       num_unreachable++;
+                       status = fin_stat = STATE_CRITICAL;
+                       if(num_hosts == 1) {
+                               printf("CRITICAL - %s is down (lost 100%%)|"
+                                          "rta=;%d;%d;; pl=100%%;%d;%d;;\n",
+                                          h->host,
+                                          warn.rta / 100, crit.rta / 100,
+                                          warn.pl, crit.pl);
+                       }
+                       else {
+                               printf("%s is down (lost 100%%)", h->host);
+                       }
+               }
+               else {
+                       /* reset the status */
+                       status = STATE_OK;
+
+                       /* check for warning before critical, for debugging purposes */
+                       if(warn.rta <= h->total_time / h->num_recv) {
+/*                             printf("warn.rta exceeded\n");
+*/                             status = STATE_WARNING;
+                       }
+                       if(warn.pl <= ((h->num_sent - h->num_recv) * 100) / h->num_sent) {
+/*                             printf("warn.pl exceeded (pl=%d)\n",
+                                          ((h->num_sent - h->num_recv) * 100) / h->num_sent);
+*/                             status = STATE_WARNING;
+                       }
+                       if(crit.rta <= h->total_time / h->num_recv) {
+/*                             printf("crit.rta exceeded\n");
+*/                             status = STATE_CRITICAL;
+                       }
+                       if(crit.pl <= ((h->num_sent - h->num_recv) * 100) / h->num_sent) {
+/*                             printf("crit.pl exceeded (pl=%d)\n",
+                                          ((h->num_sent - h->num_recv) * 100) / h->num_sent);
+*/                             status = STATE_CRITICAL;
+                       }
+
+                       if(num_hosts == 1 || status != STATE_OK) {
+                               printf("%s - %s: rta %s ms, lost %d%%",
+                                          status_string[status], h->host,
+                                          sprint_tm(h->total_time / h->num_recv),
+                                          h->num_sent > 0 ? ((h->num_sent - h->num_recv) * 100) / h->num_sent : 0
+                                          );
+                               /* perfdata only available for single-host stuff */
+                               if(num_hosts == 1) {
+                                       printf("|rta=%sms;%d;%d;; pl=%d%%;%d;%d;;\n",
+                                                  sprint_tm(h->total_time / h->num_recv), warn.rta / 100, crit.rta / 100,
+                                                  h->num_sent > 0 ? ((h->num_sent - h->num_recv) * 100) / h->num_sent : 0, warn.pl, crit.pl
+                                                  );
+                               }
+                               else printf(" :: ");
+                       }
+
+                       /* fin_stat should always hold the WORST state */
+                       if(fin_stat != STATE_CRITICAL && status != STATE_OK) {
+                               fin_stat = status;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       if(num_noaddress) {
+               printf("No hostaddress specified.\n");
+               usage();
+       }
+       else if(num_alive != num_hosts) {
+               /* for future multi-check support */
+               /*printf("num_alive != num_hosts (%d : %d)\n", num_alive, num_hosts);*/
+               fin_stat = STATE_CRITICAL;
+       }
+
+       if(num_hosts > 1) {
+               if(num_alive == num_hosts) {
+                       printf("OK - All %d hosts are alive\n", num_hosts);
+               }
+               else {
+                       printf("CRITICAL - %d of %d hosts are alive\n", num_alive, num_hosts);
+               }
+       }
+       exit(fin_stat);
+}
+
+
+void send_ping(int lsock, HOST_ENTRY *h)
+{
+       char *buffer;
+       struct icmp *icp;
+       PING_DATA *pdp;
+       int n;
+
+       buffer = (char *)malloc((size_t) ping_pkt_size);
+       if(!buffer)
+               crash("can't malloc ping packet");
+
+       memset(buffer, 0, ping_pkt_size * sizeof(char));
+       icp = (struct icmp *)buffer;
+
+       gettimeofday(&h->last_send_time, &tz);
+
+       icp->icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO;
+       icp->icmp_code = 0;
+       icp->icmp_cksum = 0;
+       icp->icmp_seq = h->i;
+       icp->icmp_id = ident;
+
+       pdp = (PING_DATA *) (buffer + SIZE_ICMP_HDR);
+       pdp->ping_ts = h->last_send_time;
+       pdp->ping_count = h->num_sent;
+
+       icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *) icp, ping_pkt_size);
+
+       n = sendto(lsock, buffer, ping_pkt_size, 0,
+                          (struct sockaddr *)&h->saddr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
+
+       if(n < 0 || (unsigned int)n != ping_pkt_size) {
+               if(unreachable_flag) {
+                       printf("%s error while sending ping: %s\n",
+                                  h->host, strerror(errno));
+               }                       /* IF */
+
+               num_unreachable++;
+               remove_job(h);
+       }                               /* IF */
+       else {
+               /* mark this trial as outstanding */
+               h->resp_times[h->num_sent] = RESP_WAITING;
+
+               h->num_sent++;
+               h->waiting++;
+               num_pingsent++;
+               last_send_time = h->last_send_time;
+       }                               /* ELSE */
+
+       free(buffer);
+}                                      /* send_ping() */
+
+int wait_for_reply(int lsock)
+{
+       int result;
+       static char buffer[4096];
+       struct sockaddr_in response_addr;
+       struct ip *ip;
+       int hlen;
+       struct icmp *icp;
+       int n;
+       HOST_ENTRY *h = NULL;
+       long this_reply;
+       int this_count;
+       struct timeval sent_time;
+
+       result = recvfrom_wto(lsock, buffer, sizeof(buffer),
+                                                 (struct sockaddr *)&response_addr, select_time);
+
+       if(result < 0) return 0;                /* timeout */
+
+       ip = (struct ip *)buffer;
+
+#if defined( __alpha__ ) && __STDC__ && !defined( __GLIBC__ )
+       /* The alpha headers are decidedly broken.
+        * Using an ANSI compiler, it provides ip_vhl instead of ip_hl and
+        * ip_v.  So, to get ip_hl, we mask off the bottom four bits.
+        */
+       hlen = (ip->ip_vhl & 0x0F) << 2;
+#else
+       hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
+#endif /* defined(__alpha__) && __STDC__ */
+
+       if(result < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) {
+               printf("received packet too short for ICMP (%d bytes from %s)\n", result,
+                          inet_ntoa(response_addr.sin_addr));
+
+               return (1);                             /* too short */
+       }                                                       /* IF */
+
+       icp = (struct icmp *)(buffer + hlen);
+       if(icp->icmp_type != ICMP_ECHOREPLY) {
+               /* handle some problem */
+               if(handle_random_icmp(icp, &response_addr))
+                       num_othericmprcvd++;
+
+               return 1;
+       }                                                       /* IF */
+
+       if(icp->icmp_id != ident)
+               return 1;                               /* packet received, but not the one we are looking for! */
+
+       num_pingreceived++;
+
+       if(icp->icmp_seq >= (n_short) num_hosts)
+               return(1);                              /* packet received, don't worry about it anymore */
+
+       n = icp->icmp_seq;
+       h = table[n];
+       
+       /* received ping is cool, so process it */
+
+       gettimeofday(&current_time, &tz);
+       h->waiting = 0;
+       h->num_recv++;
+
+       memcpy(&sent_time, icp->icmp_data + offsetof(PING_DATA, ping_ts),
+                  sizeof(sent_time));
+       memcpy(&this_count, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(this_count));
+
+       this_reply = timeval_diff(&current_time, &sent_time);
+       h->total_time += this_reply;
+       total_replies++;
+
+       /* note reply time in array, probably */
+       if((this_count >= 0) && ((unsigned int)this_count < trials)) {
+               if(h->resp_times[this_count] != RESP_WAITING) {
+                       printf("%s : duplicate for [%d], %d bytes, %s ms",
+                                  h->host, this_count, result, sprint_tm(this_reply));
+
+                       if(response_addr.sin_addr.s_addr != h->saddr.sin_addr.s_addr)
+                               printf(" [<- %s]\n", inet_ntoa(response_addr.sin_addr));
+               }                                       /* IF */
+               else h->resp_times[this_count] = this_reply;
+       }                                               /* IF */
+       else {
+               /* count is out of bounds?? */
+               printf("%s : duplicate for [%d], %d bytes, %s ms\n",
+                          h->host, this_count, result, sprint_tm(this_reply));
+               }                                               /* ELSE */
+       
+       if(h->num_recv == 1) {
+               num_alive++;
+       }                                                       /* IF */
+
+       return num_jobs;
+}                                                              /* wait_for_reply() */
+
+int handle_random_icmp(struct icmp *p, struct sockaddr_in *addr)
+{
+       struct icmp *sent_icmp;
+       u_char *c;
+       HOST_ENTRY *h;
+
+       c = (u_char *) p;
+       switch (p->icmp_type) {
+       case ICMP_UNREACH:
+               sent_icmp = (struct icmp *)(c + 28);
+
+               if((sent_icmp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) &&
+                  (sent_icmp->icmp_id == ident) &&
+                  (sent_icmp->icmp_seq < (n_short) num_hosts)) {
+                       /* this is a response to a ping we sent */
+                       h = table[sent_icmp->icmp_seq];
+
+                       if(p->icmp_code > ICMP_UNREACH_MAXTYPE) {
+                               printf("ICMP Unreachable (Invalid Code) from %s for ICMP Echo sent to %s",
+                                               inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr), h->host);
+
+                       }                                       /* IF */
+                       else {
+                               printf("ICMP Unreachable from %s for ICMP Echo sent to %s",
+                                          inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr), h->host);
+
+                       }                                       /* ELSE */
+
+                       if(inet_addr(h->host) == INADDR_NONE)
+                               printf(" (%s)", inet_ntoa(h->saddr.sin_addr));
+
+                       printf("\n");
+
+               }                                               /* IF */
+
+               return 1;
+
+       case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH:
+       case ICMP_REDIRECT:
+       case ICMP_TIMXCEED:
+       case ICMP_PARAMPROB:
+               sent_icmp = (struct icmp *)(c + 28);
+               if((sent_icmp->icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO) &&
+                  (sent_icmp->icmp_id = ident) &&
+                  (sent_icmp->icmp_seq < (n_short) num_hosts)) {
+                       /* this is a response to a ping we sent */
+                       h = table[sent_icmp->icmp_seq];
+                       printf("ICMP Unreachable from %s for ICMP Echo sent to %s",
+                                       inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr), h->host);
+
+                       if(inet_addr(h->host) == INADDR_NONE)
+                               printf(" (%s)", inet_ntoa(h->saddr.sin_addr));
+
+                       printf("\n");
+               }                                               /* IF */
+
+               return 2;
+
+               /* no way to tell whether any of these are sent due to our ping */
+               /* or not (shouldn't be, of course), so just discard            */
+       case ICMP_TSTAMP:
+       case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY:
+       case ICMP_IREQ:
+       case ICMP_IREQREPLY:
+       case ICMP_MASKREQ:
+       case ICMP_MASKREPLY:
+       default:
+               return 0;
+
+       }                                                       /* SWITCH */
+
+}                                                              /* handle_random_icmp() */
+
+int in_cksum(u_short * p, int n)
+{
+       register u_short answer;
+       register long sum = 0;
+       u_short odd_byte = 0;
+
+       while(n > 1) {
+               sum += *p++;
+               n -= 2;
+       }                                                       /* WHILE */
+
+       /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */
+       if(n == 1) {
+               *(u_char *) (&odd_byte) = *(u_char *) p;
+               sum += odd_byte;
+       }                                                       /* IF */
+
+       sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff);     /* add hi 16 to low 16 */
+       sum += (sum >> 16);                     /* add carry */
+       answer = ~sum;                          /* ones-complement, truncate */
+
+       return (answer);
+
+}                                                              /* in_cksum() */
+
+void add_name(char *name)
+{
+       struct hostent *host_ent;
+       int ipaddress;
+       struct in_addr *ipa = (struct in_addr *)&ipaddress;
+       struct in_addr *host_add;
+       char *nm;
+       int i = 0;
+       
+       if((ipaddress = inet_addr(name)) != -1) {
+               /* input name is an IP addr, go with it */
+               if(name_flag) {
+                       if(addr_flag)
+                               add_addr(name, na_cat(get_host_by_address(*ipa), *ipa), *ipa);
+                       else {
+                               nm = cpystr(get_host_by_address(*ipa));
+                               add_addr(name, nm, *ipa);
+
+                       }                                       /* ELSE */
+               }                                               /* IF */
+               else add_addr(name, name, *ipa);
+
+               return;
+       }                                                       /* IF */
+
+       /* input name is not an IP addr, maybe it's a host name */
+       host_ent = gethostbyname(name);
+       if(host_ent == NULL) {
+               if(h_errno == TRY_AGAIN) {
+                       u_sleep(DNS_TIMEOUT);
+                       host_ent = gethostbyname(name);
+               }                                               /* IF */
+
+               if(host_ent == NULL) {
+                       printf("%s address not found\n", name);
+                       num_noaddress++;
+                       return;
+               }                                               /* IF */
+       }                                                       /* IF */
+
+       host_add = (struct in_addr *)*(host_ent->h_addr_list);
+       if(host_add == NULL) {
+               printf("%s has no address data\n", name);
+               num_noaddress++;
+               return;
+       }                                                       /* IF */
+       else {
+               /* it is indeed a hostname with a real address */
+               while(host_add) {
+                       if(name_flag && addr_flag)
+                               add_addr(name, na_cat(name, *host_add), *host_add);
+                       else if(addr_flag) {
+                               nm = cpystr(inet_ntoa(*host_add));
+                               add_addr(name, nm, *host_add);
+                       }                                       /* ELSE IF */
+                       else {
+                               add_addr(name, name, *host_add);
+                       }
+
+                       if(!multif_flag) break;
+
+                       host_add = (struct in_addr *)(host_ent->h_addr_list[++i]);
+               }                                               /* WHILE */
+       }                                                       /* ELSE */
+}                                                              /* add_name() */
+
+
+char *na_cat(char *name, struct in_addr ipaddr)
+{
+       char *nm, *as;
+
+       as = inet_ntoa(ipaddr);
+       nm = (char *)malloc(strlen(name) + strlen(as) + 4);
+
+       if(!nm)
+               crash("can't allocate some space for a string");
+
+       strcpy(nm, name);
+       strcat(nm, " (");
+       strcat(nm, as);
+       strcat(nm, ")");
+
+       return (nm);
+
+}                                                              /* na_cat() */
+
+
+void add_addr(char *name, char *host, struct in_addr ipaddr)
+{
+       HOST_ENTRY *p;
+       unsigned int n;
+       int *i;
+
+       if(!(p = (HOST_ENTRY *) malloc(sizeof(HOST_ENTRY)))) {
+               crash("can't allocate HOST_ENTRY");
+       }
+
+       memset((char *)p, 0, sizeof(HOST_ENTRY));
+
+       p->name = name;
+       p->host = host;
+       p->saddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
+       p->saddr.sin_addr = ipaddr;
+       p->running = 1;
+
+       /* array for response time results */
+       if(!(i = (int *)malloc(trials * sizeof(int)))) {
+               crash("can't allocate resp_times array");
+       }
+
+       for(n = 1; n < trials; n++)
+               i[n] = RESP_UNUSED;
+
+               p->resp_times = i;
+
+       if(!rrlist) {
+               rrlist = p;
+               p->next = p;
+               p->prev = p;
+       }                                                       /* IF */
+       else {
+               p->next = rrlist;
+               p->prev = rrlist->prev;
+               p->prev->next = p;
+               p->next->prev = p;
+       }                                                       /* ELSE */
+
+       num_hosts++;
+}                                                              /* add_addr() */
+
+
+void remove_job(HOST_ENTRY * h)
+{
+       h->running = 0;
+       h->waiting = 0;
+       num_jobs--;
+
+       
+       if(num_jobs) {
+               /* remove us from list of active jobs */
+               h->prev->next = h->next;
+               h->next->prev = h->prev;
+               if(h == cursor) cursor = h->next;
+       }                                                       /* IF */
+       else {
+               cursor = NULL;
+               rrlist = NULL;
+       }                                                       /* ELSE */
+
+}                                                              /* remove_job() */
+
+
+char *get_host_by_address(struct in_addr in)
+{
+       struct hostent *h;
+       h = gethostbyaddr((char *)&in, sizeof(struct in_addr), AF_INET);
+
+       if(h == NULL || h->h_name == NULL)
+               return inet_ntoa(in);
+       else
+               return (char *)h->h_name;
+
+}                                                              /* get_host_by_address() */
+
+
+char *cpystr(char *string)
+{
+       char *dst;
+
+       if(string) {
+               dst = (char *)malloc(1 + strlen(string));
+               if(!dst) crash("malloc() failed!");
+
+               strcpy(dst, string);
+               return dst;
+
+       }                                                       /* IF */
+       else return NULL;
+
+}                                                              /* cpystr() */
+
+
+void crash(char *msg)
+{
+       if(errno || h_errno) {
+               if(errno)
+                       printf("%s: %s : %s\n", prog, msg, strerror(errno));
+               if(h_errno)
+                       printf("%s: %s : A network error occurred\n", prog, msg);
+       }
+       else printf("%s: %s\n", prog, msg);
+
+       exit(STATE_UNKNOWN);
+}                                                              /* crash() */
+
+
+long timeval_diff(struct timeval *a, struct timeval *b)
+{
+       double temp;
+
+       temp = (((a->tv_sec * 1000000) + a->tv_usec) -
+                       ((b->tv_sec * 1000000) + b->tv_usec)) / 10;
+
+       return (long)temp;
+
+}                                                              /* timeval_diff() */
+
+
+char *sprint_tm(int t)
+{
+       static char buf[10];
+
+       /* <= 0.99 ms */
+       if(t < 100) {
+               sprintf(buf, "0.%02d", t);
+               return (buf);
+       }                                                       /* IF */
+
+       /* 1.00 - 9.99 ms */
+       if(t < 1000) {
+               sprintf(buf, "%d.%02d", t / 100, t % 100);
+               return (buf);
+       }                                                       /* IF */
+
+       /* 10.0 - 99.9 ms */
+       if(t < 10000) {
+               sprintf(buf, "%d.%d", t / 100, (t % 100) / 10);
+               return (buf);
+       }                                                       /* IF */
+
+       /* >= 100 ms */
+       sprintf(buf, "%d", t / 100);
+       return (buf);
+}                                                              /* sprint_tm() */
+
+
+/*
+ * select() is posix, so we expect it to be around
+ */
+void u_sleep(int u_sec)
+{
+       int nfound;
+       struct timeval to;
+       fd_set readset, writeset;
+       
+       to.tv_sec = u_sec / 1000000;
+       to.tv_usec = u_sec - (to.tv_sec * 1000000);
+/*     printf("u_sleep :: to.tv_sec: %d, to_tv_usec: %d\n",
+                  (int)to.tv_sec, (int)to.tv_usec);
+*/     
+       FD_ZERO(&writeset);
+       FD_ZERO(&readset);
+       nfound = select(0, &readset, &writeset, NULL, &to);
+       if(nfound < 0)
+               crash("select() in u_sleep:");
+
+       return;
+}                                                              /* u_sleep() */
+
+
+/************************************************************
+ * Description:
+ *
+ * receive with timeout
+ * returns length of data read or -1 if timeout
+ * crash on any other errrors
+ ************************************************************/
+/* TODO: add MSG_DONTWAIT to recvfrom flags (currently 0) */
+int recvfrom_wto(int sock, char *buf, int len, struct sockaddr *saddr, int timo)
+{
+       int nfound = 0, slen, n;
+       struct timeval to;
+       fd_set readset, writeset;
+
+       to.tv_sec = timo / 1000000;
+       to.tv_usec = (timo - (to.tv_sec * 1000000)) * 10;
+
+/*     printf("to.tv_sec: %d, to.tv_usec: %d\n", (int)to.tv_sec, (int)to.tv_usec);
+*/
+
+       FD_ZERO(&readset);
+       FD_ZERO(&writeset);
+       FD_SET(sock, &readset);
+       nfound = select(sock + 1, &readset, &writeset, NULL, &to);
+       if(nfound < 0) crash("select() in recvfrom_wto");
+
+       if(nfound == 0) return -1;                              /* timeout */
+
+       if(nfound) {
+               slen = sizeof(struct sockaddr);
+               n = recvfrom(sock, buf, len, 0, saddr, &slen);
+               if(n < 0) crash("recvfrom");
+               return(n);
+       }
+
+       return(0);      /* 0 bytes read, so return it */
+}                                                              /* recvfrom_wto() */
+
+
+/*
+ * u = micro
+ * m = milli
+ * s = seconds
+ */
+int get_threshold(char *str, threshold *th)
+{
+       unsigned int i, factor = 0;
+       char *p = NULL;
+
+       if(!str || !strlen(str) || !th) return -1;
+
+       for(i=0; i<strlen(str); i++) {
+               /* we happily accept decimal points in round trip time thresholds,
+                * but we ignore them quite blandly. The new way of specifying higher
+                * precision is to specify 'u' (for microseconds),
+                * 'm' (for millisecs - default) or 's' for seconds. */
+               if(!p && !factor) {
+                       if(str[i] == 's') factor = 1000000;             /* seconds */
+                       else if(str[i] == 'm') factor = 1000;   /* milliseconds */
+                       else if(str[i] == 'u') factor = 1;              /* microseconds */
+               }
+
+               if(str[i] == '%') str[i] = '\0';
+               else if(str[i] == ',' && !p && i != (strlen(str) - 1)) {
+                       p = &str[i+1];
+                       str[i] = '\0';
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* default to milliseconds */
+       if(!factor) factor = 1000;
+
+       if(!p || !strlen(p)) return -1;
+       th->rta = (unsigned int)strtoul(str, NULL, 0) * factor;
+       th->pl = (unsigned int)strtoul(p, NULL, 0);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* make a blahblah */
+void usage(void)
+{
+       printf("\nUsage: %s [options] [targets]\n", prog);
+       printf("  -H host  target host\n");
+       printf("  -b n     ping packet size in bytes (default %d)\n", ping_data_size);
+       printf("  -n|p n   number of pings to send to each target (default %d)\n", count);
+       printf("  -r n     number of retries (default %d)\n", retry);
+       printf("  -t n     timeout value (in msec) (default %d)\n", timeout / 100);
+       printf("  -i n     packet interval (in msec) (default %d)\n", DEFAULT_INTERVAL);
+/* XXX - possibly on todo-list
+       printf("  -m       ping multiple interfaces on target host\n");
+       printf("  -a       show targets that are alive\n");
+       printf("  -d       show dead targets\n");
+*/     printf("  -v       show version\n");
+       printf("  -D       increase debug output level\n");
+       printf("  -w       warning threshold pair, given as RTA[ums],PL[%%]\n");
+       printf("  -c       critical threshold pair, given as RTA[ums],PL[%%]\n");
+       printf("\n");
+       printf("Note:\n");
+       printf("* This program requires root privileges to run properly.\n");
+       printf("  If it is run as setuid root it will halt with an error if;\n");
+       printf("    interval < 25 || retries > 5\n\n");
+       printf("* Threshold pairs are given as such;\n");
+       printf("    100,40%%\n");
+       printf("  to set a threshold value pair of 100 milliseconds and 40%% packetloss\n");
+       printf("  The '%%' sign is optional, and if rta value is suffixed by;\n");
+       printf("    s, rta time is set in seconds\n");
+       printf("    m, rta time will be set in milliseconds (this is default)\n");
+       printf("    u, rta time will be set in microseconds\n");
+       printf("  Decimal points are silently ignored for sideways compatibility.\n");
+       printf("\n");
+       exit(3);
+}                                                              /* usage() */