Teach diff --submodule and status to handle .git files in submodules

Teach diff --submodule and status to handle .git files in submodules

The simple test for an existing .git directory gives an incorrect result
if .git is a file that records "gitdir: overthere". So for submodules that
use a .git file, "git status" and the diff family - when the "--submodule"
option is given - did assume the submodule was not populated at all when
a .git file was used, thus generating wrong output or no output at all.

This is fixed by using read_gitfile_gently() to get the correct location
of the .git directory. While at it, is_submodule_modified() was cleaned up
to use the "dir" member of "struct child_process" instead of setting the
GIT_WORK_TREE and GIT_DIR environment variables.

Signed-off-by: Jens Lehmann <Jens.Lehmann@web.de>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>