Thread-safe xmalloc and xrealloc needs a recursive mutex

Thread-safe xmalloc and xrealloc needs a recursive mutex

The mutex used to protect object access (read_mutex) may need to be
acquired recursively.  Introduce init_recursive_mutex() helper function
in thread-utils.c that constructs a mutex with the PHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
attribute.

pthread_mutex_init() emulation on Win32 is already recursive as it is
implemented on top of the CRITICAL_SECTION type, which is recursive.

    http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms682530%28VS.85%29.aspx

Add do-nothing compatibility wrappers for pthread_mutexattr* functions.

Initial-version-by: Fredrik Kuivinen <frekui@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>