X-Git-Url: https://git.tokkee.org/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=src%2Fsp-item.cpp;h=755ee0bf40211c2df9cffd0f382776bef83a3a5d;hb=030609cb99174ea85e69635c494ccaaaa20b2ac5;hp=7b3687607d7fb3abe1806b76a1747a608c009099;hpb=72ea4c0c8c73f2159bd19761dd1fb0fcf8ceb4f9;p=inkscape.git

diff --git a/src/sp-item.cpp b/src/sp-item.cpp
index 7b3687607..755ee0bf4 100644
--- a/src/sp-item.cpp
+++ b/src/sp-item.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-#define __SP_ITEM_C__
-
 /** \file
  * Base class for visual SVG elements
  */
@@ -8,6 +6,8 @@
  *   Lauris Kaplinski <lauris@kaplinski.com>
  *   bulia byak <buliabyak@users.sf.net>
  *   Johan Engelen <j.b.c.engelen@ewi.utwente.nl>
+ *   Abhishek Sharma
+ *   Jon A. Cruz <jon@joncruz.org>
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2001-2006 authors
  * Copyright (C) 2001 Ximian, Inc.
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include "document.h"
 #include "uri.h"
 #include "inkscape.h"
+#include "desktop.h"
 #include "desktop-handles.h"
 
 #include "style.h"
@@ -47,64 +48,55 @@
 #include "sp-text.h"
 #include "sp-item-rm-unsatisfied-cns.h"
 #include "sp-pattern.h"
+#include "sp-paint-server.h"
 #include "sp-switch.h"
+#include "sp-guide-constraint.h"
 #include "gradient-chemistry.h"
-#include "prefs-utils.h"
+#include "preferences.h"
 #include "conn-avoid-ref.h"
 #include "conditions.h"
 #include "sp-filter-reference.h"
+#include "filter-chemistry.h"
 #include "sp-guide.h"
+#include "sp-title.h"
+#include "sp-desc.h"
 
-#include "libnr/nr-matrix-div.h"
 #include "libnr/nr-matrix-fns.h"
 #include "libnr/nr-matrix-scale-ops.h"
 #include "libnr/nr-matrix-translate-ops.h"
 #include "libnr/nr-scale-translate-ops.h"
 #include "libnr/nr-translate-scale-ops.h"
 #include "libnr/nr-convert2geom.h"
-#include "algorithms/find-last-if.h"
+#include "util/find-last-if.h"
 #include "util/reverse-list.h"
+#include <2geom/rect.h>
+#include <2geom/matrix.h>
+#include <2geom/transforms.h>
 
 #include "xml/repr.h"
 #include "extract-uri.h"
+#include "helper/geom.h"
 
 #include "live_effects/lpeobject.h"
 #include "live_effects/effect.h"
+#include "live_effects/lpeobject-reference.h"
 
 #define noSP_ITEM_DEBUG_IDLE
 
-static void sp_item_class_init(SPItemClass *klass);
-static void sp_item_init(SPItem *item);
-
-static void sp_item_build(SPObject *object, SPDocument *document, Inkscape::XML::Node *repr);
-static void sp_item_release(SPObject *object);
-static void sp_item_set(SPObject *object, unsigned key, gchar const *value);
-static void sp_item_update(SPObject *object, SPCtx *ctx, guint flags);
-static Inkscape::XML::Node *sp_item_write(SPObject *object, Inkscape::XML::Node *repr, guint flags);
-
-static gchar *sp_item_private_description(SPItem *item);
-static void sp_item_private_snappoints(SPItem const *item, SnapPointsIter p);
-
-static SPItemView *sp_item_view_new_prepend(SPItemView *list, SPItem *item, unsigned flags, unsigned key, NRArenaItem *arenaitem);
-static SPItemView *sp_item_view_list_remove(SPItemView *list, SPItemView *view);
-
-static SPObjectClass *parent_class;
-
-static void clip_ref_changed(SPObject *old_clip, SPObject *clip, SPItem *item);
-static void mask_ref_changed(SPObject *old_clip, SPObject *clip, SPItem *item);
+SPObjectClass * SPItemClass::static_parent_class=0;
 
 /**
  * Registers SPItem class and returns its type number.
  */
 GType
-sp_item_get_type(void)
+SPItem::getType(void)
 {
     static GType type = 0;
     if (!type) {
         GTypeInfo info = {
             sizeof(SPItemClass),
             NULL, NULL,
-            (GClassInitFunc) sp_item_class_init,
+            (GClassInitFunc) SPItemClass::sp_item_class_init,
             NULL, NULL,
             sizeof(SPItem),
             16,
@@ -119,58 +111,59 @@ sp_item_get_type(void)
 /**
  * SPItem vtable initialization.
  */
-static void
-sp_item_class_init(SPItemClass *klass)
+void
+SPItemClass::sp_item_class_init(SPItemClass *klass)
 {
     SPObjectClass *sp_object_class = (SPObjectClass *) klass;
 
-    parent_class = (SPObjectClass *)g_type_class_ref(SP_TYPE_OBJECT);
+    static_parent_class = (SPObjectClass *)g_type_class_ref(SP_TYPE_OBJECT);
 
-    sp_object_class->build = sp_item_build;
-    sp_object_class->release = sp_item_release;
-    sp_object_class->set = sp_item_set;
-    sp_object_class->update = sp_item_update;
-    sp_object_class->write = sp_item_write;
+    sp_object_class->build = SPItem::sp_item_build;
+    sp_object_class->release = SPItem::sp_item_release;
+    sp_object_class->set = SPItem::sp_item_set;
+    sp_object_class->update = SPItem::sp_item_update;
+    sp_object_class->write = SPItem::sp_item_write;
 
-    klass->description = sp_item_private_description;
-    klass->snappoints = sp_item_private_snappoints;
+    klass->description = SPItem::sp_item_private_description;
+    klass->snappoints = SPItem::sp_item_private_snappoints;
 }
 
 /**
  * Callback for SPItem object initialization.
  */
-static void
-sp_item_init(SPItem *item)
+void SPItem::sp_item_init(SPItem *item)
 {
     item->init();
 }
 
 void SPItem::init() {
-    this->sensitive = TRUE;
+    sensitive = TRUE;
 
-    this->transform_center_x = 0;
-    this->transform_center_y = 0;
+    transform_center_x = 0;
+    transform_center_y = 0;
 
-    this->_is_evaluated = true;
-    this->_evaluated_status = StatusUnknown;
+    _is_evaluated = true;
+    _evaluated_status = StatusUnknown;
 
-    this->transform = NR::identity();
+    transform = Geom::identity();
 
-    this->display = NULL;
+    display = NULL;
 
-    this->clip_ref = new SPClipPathReference(this);
-		sigc::signal<void, SPObject *, SPObject *> cs1=this->clip_ref->changedSignal();
-		sigc::slot2<void,SPObject*, SPObject *> sl1=sigc::bind(sigc::ptr_fun(clip_ref_changed), this);
+    clip_ref = new SPClipPathReference(this);
+    sigc::signal<void, SPObject *, SPObject *> cs1 = clip_ref->changedSignal();
+    sigc::slot2<void,SPObject*, SPObject *> sl1 = sigc::bind(sigc::ptr_fun(clip_ref_changed), this);
     _clip_ref_connection = cs1.connect(sl1);
 
-    this->mask_ref = new SPMaskReference(this);
-		sigc::signal<void, SPObject *, SPObject *> cs2=this->mask_ref->changedSignal();
-		sigc::slot2<void,SPObject*, SPObject *> sl2=sigc::bind(sigc::ptr_fun(mask_ref_changed), this);
+    mask_ref = new SPMaskReference(this);
+    sigc::signal<void, SPObject *, SPObject *> cs2 = mask_ref->changedSignal();
+    sigc::slot2<void,SPObject*, SPObject *> sl2=sigc::bind(sigc::ptr_fun(mask_ref_changed), this);
     _mask_ref_connection = cs2.connect(sl2);
 
-    this->avoidRef = new SPAvoidRef(this);
+    avoidRef = new SPAvoidRef(this);
 
-    new (&this->_transformed_signal) sigc::signal<void, NR::Matrix const *, SPItem *>();
+    new (&constraints) std::vector<SPGuideConstraint>();
+
+    new (&_transformed_signal) sigc::signal<void, Geom::Matrix const *, SPItem *>();
 }
 
 bool SPItem::isVisibleAndUnlocked() const {
@@ -182,16 +175,17 @@ bool SPItem::isVisibleAndUnlocked(unsigned display_key) const {
 }
 
 bool SPItem::isLocked() const {
-    for (SPObject *o = SP_OBJECT(this); o != NULL; o = SP_OBJECT_PARENT(o)) {
-        if (SP_IS_ITEM(o) && !(SP_ITEM(o)->sensitive))
+    for (SPObject const *o = this; o != NULL; o = o->parent) {
+        if (SP_IS_ITEM(o) && !(SP_ITEM(o)->sensitive)) {
             return true;
+        }
     }
     return false;
 }
 
 void SPItem::setLocked(bool locked) {
-    SP_OBJECT_REPR(this)->setAttribute("sodipodi:insensitive",
-                     ( locked ? "1" : NULL ));
+    setAttribute("sodipodi:insensitive",
+                 ( locked ? "1" : NULL ));
     updateRepr();
 }
 
@@ -241,7 +235,6 @@ void SPItem::resetEvaluated() {
             requestDisplayUpdate(SP_OBJECT_MODIFIED_FLAG | SP_OBJECT_STYLE_MODIFIED_FLAG);
         }
     } if ( StatusSet == _evaluated_status ) {
-        SPObject const *const parent = SP_OBJECT_PARENT(this);
         if (SP_IS_SWITCH(parent)) {
             SP_SWITCH(parent)->resetChildEvaluated();
         }
@@ -260,36 +253,36 @@ bool SPItem::isEvaluated() const {
  * Returns something suitable for the `Hide' checkbox in the Object Properties dialog box.
  *  Corresponds to setExplicitlyHidden.
  */
-bool
-SPItem::isExplicitlyHidden() const
+bool SPItem::isExplicitlyHidden() const
 {
-    return (this->style->display.set
-	    && this->style->display.value == SP_CSS_DISPLAY_NONE);
+    return (style->display.set
+            && style->display.value == SP_CSS_DISPLAY_NONE);
 }
 
 /**
  * Sets the display CSS property to `hidden' if \a val is true,
  * otherwise makes it unset
  */
-void
-SPItem::setExplicitlyHidden(bool const val) {
-    this->style->display.set = val;
-    this->style->display.value = ( val ? SP_CSS_DISPLAY_NONE : SP_CSS_DISPLAY_INLINE );
-    this->style->display.computed = this->style->display.value;
-    this->updateRepr();
+void SPItem::setExplicitlyHidden(bool const val) {
+    style->display.set = val;
+    style->display.value = ( val ? SP_CSS_DISPLAY_NONE : SP_CSS_DISPLAY_INLINE );
+    style->display.computed = style->display.value;
+    updateRepr();
 }
 
 /**
  * Sets the transform_center_x and transform_center_y properties to retain the rotation centre
  */
-void
-SPItem::setCenter(NR::Point object_centre) {
-    NR::Maybe<NR::Rect> bbox = getBounds(sp_item_i2d_affine(this));
+void SPItem::setCenter(Geom::Point object_centre) {
+    // for getBounds() to work
+    document->ensureUpToDate();
+
+    Geom::OptRect bbox = getBounds(i2d_affine());
     if (bbox) {
-        transform_center_x = object_centre[NR::X] - bbox->midpoint()[NR::X];
+        transform_center_x = object_centre[Geom::X] - bbox->midpoint()[Geom::X];
         if (fabs(transform_center_x) < 1e-5) // rounding error
             transform_center_x = 0;
-        transform_center_y = object_centre[NR::Y] - bbox->midpoint()[NR::Y];
+        transform_center_y = object_centre[Geom::Y] - bbox->midpoint()[Geom::Y];
         if (fabs(transform_center_y) < 1e-5) // rounding error
             transform_center_y = 0;
     }
@@ -305,12 +298,15 @@ bool SPItem::isCenterSet() {
     return (transform_center_x != 0 || transform_center_y != 0);
 }
 
-NR::Point SPItem::getCenter() const {
-    NR::Maybe<NR::Rect> bbox = getBounds(sp_item_i2d_affine(this));
+Geom::Point SPItem::getCenter() const {
+    // for getBounds() to work
+    document->ensureUpToDate();
+
+    Geom::OptRect bbox = getBounds(i2d_affine());
     if (bbox) {
-        return bbox->midpoint() + NR::Point (this->transform_center_x, this->transform_center_y);
+        return to_2geom(bbox->midpoint()) + Geom::Point (transform_center_x, transform_center_y);
     } else {
-        return NR::Point (0, 0); // something's wrong!
+        return Geom::Point(0, 0); // something's wrong!
     }
 }
 
@@ -327,22 +323,20 @@ void SPItem::raiseToTop() {
     using Inkscape::Algorithms::find_last_if;
 
     SPObject *topmost=find_last_if<SPObject::SiblingIterator>(
-        SP_OBJECT_NEXT(this), NULL, &is_item
+        next, NULL, &is_item
     );
     if (topmost) {
-        Inkscape::XML::Node *repr=SP_OBJECT_REPR(this);
-        sp_repr_parent(repr)->changeOrder(repr, SP_OBJECT_REPR(topmost));
+        getRepr()->parent()->changeOrder( getRepr(), topmost->getRepr() );
     }
 }
 
 void SPItem::raiseOne() {
     SPObject *next_higher=std::find_if<SPObject::SiblingIterator>(
-        SP_OBJECT_NEXT(this), NULL, &is_item
+        next, NULL, &is_item
     );
     if (next_higher) {
-        Inkscape::XML::Node *repr=SP_OBJECT_REPR(this);
-        Inkscape::XML::Node *ref=SP_OBJECT_REPR(next_higher);
-        sp_repr_parent(repr)->changeOrder(repr, ref);
+        Inkscape::XML::Node *ref = next_higher->getRepr();
+        getRepr()->parent()->changeOrder(getRepr(), ref);
     }
 }
 
@@ -352,16 +346,15 @@ void SPItem::lowerOne() {
 
     MutableList<SPObject &> next_lower=std::find_if(
         reverse_list<SPObject::SiblingIterator>(
-            SP_OBJECT_PARENT(this)->firstChild(), this
+            parent->firstChild(), this
         ),
         MutableList<SPObject &>(),
         &is_item
     );
     if (next_lower) {
         ++next_lower;
-        Inkscape::XML::Node *repr=SP_OBJECT_REPR(this);
-        Inkscape::XML::Node *ref=( next_lower ? SP_OBJECT_REPR(&*next_lower) : NULL );
-        sp_repr_parent(repr)->changeOrder(repr, ref);
+        Inkscape::XML::Node *ref = ( next_lower ? next_lower->getRepr() : NULL );
+        getRepr()->parent()->changeOrder(getRepr(), ref);
     }
 }
 
@@ -372,47 +365,45 @@ void SPItem::lowerToBottom() {
 
     MutableList<SPObject &> bottom=find_last_if(
         reverse_list<SPObject::SiblingIterator>(
-            SP_OBJECT_PARENT(this)->firstChild(), this
+            parent->firstChild(), this
         ),
         MutableList<SPObject &>(),
         &is_item
     );
     if (bottom) {
         ++bottom;
-        Inkscape::XML::Node *repr=SP_OBJECT_REPR(this);
-        Inkscape::XML::Node *ref=( bottom ? SP_OBJECT_REPR(&*bottom) : NULL );
-        sp_repr_parent(repr)->changeOrder(repr, ref);
+        Inkscape::XML::Node *ref = ( bottom ? bottom->getRepr() : NULL );
+        getRepr()->parent()->changeOrder(getRepr(), ref);
     }
 }
 
-static void
-sp_item_build(SPObject *object, SPDocument *document, Inkscape::XML::Node *repr)
+void SPItem::sp_item_build(SPObject *object, SPDocument *document, Inkscape::XML::Node *repr)
 {
-    sp_object_read_attr(object, "style");
-    sp_object_read_attr(object, "transform");
-    sp_object_read_attr(object, "clip-path");
-    sp_object_read_attr(object, "mask");
-    sp_object_read_attr(object, "sodipodi:insensitive");
-    sp_object_read_attr(object, "sodipodi:nonprintable");
-    sp_object_read_attr(object, "inkscape:transform-center-x");
-    sp_object_read_attr(object, "inkscape:transform-center-y");
-    sp_object_read_attr(object, "inkscape:connector-avoid");
+    object->readAttr( "style" );
+    object->readAttr( "transform" );
+    object->readAttr( "clip-path" );
+    object->readAttr( "mask" );
+    object->readAttr( "sodipodi:insensitive" );
+    object->readAttr( "sodipodi:nonprintable" );
+    object->readAttr( "inkscape:transform-center-x" );
+    object->readAttr( "inkscape:transform-center-y" );
+    object->readAttr( "inkscape:connector-avoid" );
+    object->readAttr( "inkscape:connection-points" );
 
-    if (((SPObjectClass *) (parent_class))->build) {
-        (* ((SPObjectClass *) (parent_class))->build)(object, document, repr);
+    if (((SPObjectClass *) (SPItemClass::static_parent_class))->build) {
+        (* ((SPObjectClass *) (SPItemClass::static_parent_class))->build)(object, document, repr);
     }
 }
 
-static void
-sp_item_release(SPObject *object)
+void SPItem::sp_item_release(SPObject *object)
 {
     SPItem *item = (SPItem *) object;
 
     item->_clip_ref_connection.disconnect();
     item->_mask_ref_connection.disconnect();
 
-    // Note: do this here before the clip_ref is deleted, since calling 
-    // sp_document_ensure_up_to_date for triggered routing may reference 
+    // Note: do this here before the clip_ref is deleted, since calling
+    // ensureUpToDate() for triggered routing may reference
     // the deleted clip_ref.
     if (item->avoidRef) {
         delete item->avoidRef;
@@ -431,8 +422,8 @@ sp_item_release(SPObject *object)
         item->mask_ref = NULL;
     }
 
-    if (((SPObjectClass *) (parent_class))->release) {
-        ((SPObjectClass *) parent_class)->release(object);
+    if (((SPObjectClass *) (SPItemClass::static_parent_class))->release) {
+        ((SPObjectClass *) SPItemClass::static_parent_class)->release(object);
     }
 
     while (item->display) {
@@ -443,18 +434,17 @@ sp_item_release(SPObject *object)
     item->_transformed_signal.~signal();
 }
 
-static void
-sp_item_set(SPObject *object, unsigned key, gchar const *value)
+void SPItem::sp_item_set(SPObject *object, unsigned key, gchar const *value)
 {
     SPItem *item = (SPItem *) object;
 
     switch (key) {
         case SP_ATTR_TRANSFORM: {
-            NR::Matrix t;
+            Geom::Matrix t;
             if (value && sp_svg_transform_read(value, &t)) {
-                sp_item_set_item_transform(item, t);
+                item->set_item_transform(t);
             } else {
-                sp_item_set_item_transform(item, NR::identity());
+                item->set_item_transform(Geom::identity());
             }
             break;
         }
@@ -499,6 +489,9 @@ sp_item_set(SPObject *object, unsigned key, gchar const *value)
         case SP_ATTR_CONNECTOR_AVOID:
             item->avoidRef->setAvoid(value);
             break;
+        case SP_ATTR_CONNECTION_POINTS:
+            item->avoidRef->setConnectionPoints(value);
+            break;
         case SP_ATTR_TRANSFORM_CENTER_X:
             if (value) {
                 item->transform_center_x = g_strtod(value, NULL);
@@ -527,45 +520,43 @@ sp_item_set(SPObject *object, unsigned key, gchar const *value)
                 sp_style_read_from_object(object->style, object);
                 object->requestDisplayUpdate(SP_OBJECT_MODIFIED_FLAG | SP_OBJECT_STYLE_MODIFIED_FLAG);
             } else {
-                if (((SPObjectClass *) (parent_class))->set) {
-                    (* ((SPObjectClass *) (parent_class))->set)(object, key, value);
+                if (((SPObjectClass *) (SPItemClass::static_parent_class))->set) {
+                    (* ((SPObjectClass *) (SPItemClass::static_parent_class))->set)(object, key, value);
                 }
             }
             break;
     }
 }
 
-static void
-clip_ref_changed(SPObject *old_clip, SPObject *clip, SPItem *item)
+void SPItem::clip_ref_changed(SPObject *old_clip, SPObject *clip, SPItem *item)
 {
     if (old_clip) {
         SPItemView *v;
         /* Hide clippath */
         for (v = item->display; v != NULL; v = v->next) {
-            sp_clippath_hide(SP_CLIPPATH(old_clip), NR_ARENA_ITEM_GET_KEY(v->arenaitem));
+            SP_CLIPPATH(old_clip)->hide(NR_ARENA_ITEM_GET_KEY(v->arenaitem));
             nr_arena_item_set_clip(v->arenaitem, NULL);
         }
     }
     if (SP_IS_CLIPPATH(clip)) {
         NRRect bbox;
-        sp_item_invoke_bbox(item, &bbox, NR::identity(), TRUE);
+        item->invoke_bbox( &bbox, Geom::identity(), TRUE);
         for (SPItemView *v = item->display; v != NULL; v = v->next) {
             if (!v->arenaitem->key) {
-                NR_ARENA_ITEM_SET_KEY(v->arenaitem, sp_item_display_key_new(3));
+                NR_ARENA_ITEM_SET_KEY(v->arenaitem, SPItem::display_key_new(3));
             }
-            NRArenaItem *ai = sp_clippath_show(SP_CLIPPATH(clip),
+            NRArenaItem *ai = SP_CLIPPATH(clip)->show(
                                                NR_ARENA_ITEM_ARENA(v->arenaitem),
                                                NR_ARENA_ITEM_GET_KEY(v->arenaitem));
             nr_arena_item_set_clip(v->arenaitem, ai);
             nr_arena_item_unref(ai);
-            sp_clippath_set_bbox(SP_CLIPPATH(clip), NR_ARENA_ITEM_GET_KEY(v->arenaitem), &bbox);
-            SP_OBJECT(clip)->requestDisplayUpdate(SP_OBJECT_MODIFIED_FLAG);
+            SP_CLIPPATH(clip)->setBBox(NR_ARENA_ITEM_GET_KEY(v->arenaitem), &bbox);
+            clip->requestDisplayUpdate(SP_OBJECT_MODIFIED_FLAG);
         }
     }
 }
 
-static void
-mask_ref_changed(SPObject *old_mask, SPObject *mask, SPItem *item)
+void SPItem::mask_ref_changed(SPObject *old_mask, SPObject *mask, SPItem *item)
 {
     if (old_mask) {
         /* Hide mask */
@@ -576,10 +567,10 @@ mask_ref_changed(SPObject *old_mask, SPObject *mask, SPItem *item)
     }
     if (SP_IS_MASK(mask)) {
         NRRect bbox;
-        sp_item_invoke_bbox(item, &bbox, NR::identity(), TRUE);
+        item->invoke_bbox( &bbox, Geom::identity(), TRUE);
         for (SPItemView *v = item->display; v != NULL; v = v->next) {
             if (!v->arenaitem->key) {
-                NR_ARENA_ITEM_SET_KEY(v->arenaitem, sp_item_display_key_new(3));
+                NR_ARENA_ITEM_SET_KEY(v->arenaitem, SPItem::display_key_new(3));
             }
             NRArenaItem *ai = sp_mask_show(SP_MASK(mask),
                                            NR_ARENA_ITEM_ARENA(v->arenaitem),
@@ -587,18 +578,18 @@ mask_ref_changed(SPObject *old_mask, SPObject *mask, SPItem *item)
             nr_arena_item_set_mask(v->arenaitem, ai);
             nr_arena_item_unref(ai);
             sp_mask_set_bbox(SP_MASK(mask), NR_ARENA_ITEM_GET_KEY(v->arenaitem), &bbox);
-            SP_OBJECT(mask)->requestDisplayUpdate(SP_OBJECT_MODIFIED_FLAG);
+            mask->requestDisplayUpdate(SP_OBJECT_MODIFIED_FLAG);
         }
     }
 }
 
-static void
-sp_item_update(SPObject *object, SPCtx *ctx, guint flags)
+void SPItem::sp_item_update(SPObject *object, SPCtx *ctx, guint flags)
 {
     SPItem *item = SP_ITEM(object);
 
-    if (((SPObjectClass *) (parent_class))->update)
-        (* ((SPObjectClass *) (parent_class))->update)(object, ctx, flags);
+    if (((SPObjectClass *) (SPItemClass::static_parent_class))->update) {
+        (* ((SPObjectClass *) (SPItemClass::static_parent_class))->update)(object, ctx, flags);
+    }
 
     if (flags & (SP_OBJECT_CHILD_MODIFIED_FLAG | SP_OBJECT_MODIFIED_FLAG | SP_OBJECT_STYLE_MODIFIED_FLAG)) {
         if (flags & SP_OBJECT_MODIFIED_FLAG) {
@@ -612,10 +603,10 @@ sp_item_update(SPObject *object, SPCtx *ctx, guint flags)
 
         if ( clip_path || mask ) {
             NRRect bbox;
-            sp_item_invoke_bbox(item, &bbox, NR::identity(), TRUE);
+            item->invoke_bbox( &bbox, Geom::identity(), TRUE);
             if (clip_path) {
                 for (SPItemView *v = item->display; v != NULL; v = v->next) {
-                    sp_clippath_set_bbox(clip_path, NR_ARENA_ITEM_GET_KEY(v->arenaitem), &bbox);
+                    clip_path->setBBox(NR_ARENA_ITEM_GET_KEY(v->arenaitem), &bbox);
                 }
             }
             if (mask) {
@@ -635,14 +626,13 @@ sp_item_update(SPObject *object, SPCtx *ctx, guint flags)
 
     /* Update bounding box data used by filters */
     if (item->style->filter.set && item->display) {
-        NRRect item_bbox;
-        sp_item_invoke_bbox(item, &item_bbox, NR::identity(), TRUE, SPItem::GEOMETRIC_BBOX);
-        NR::Maybe<NR::Rect> i_bbox = item_bbox;
+        Geom::OptRect item_bbox;
+        item->invoke_bbox( item_bbox, Geom::identity(), TRUE, SPItem::GEOMETRIC_BBOX);
 
         SPItemView *itemview = item->display;
         do {
             if (itemview->arenaitem)
-                nr_arena_item_set_item_bbox(itemview->arenaitem, i_bbox);
+                nr_arena_item_set_item_bbox(itemview->arenaitem, item_bbox);
         } while ( (itemview = itemview->next) );
     }
 
@@ -651,11 +641,34 @@ sp_item_update(SPObject *object, SPCtx *ctx, guint flags)
         item->avoidRef->handleSettingChange();
 }
 
-static Inkscape::XML::Node *
-sp_item_write(SPObject *const object, Inkscape::XML::Node *repr, guint flags)
+Inkscape::XML::Node *SPItem::sp_item_write(SPObject *const object, Inkscape::XML::Document *xml_doc, Inkscape::XML::Node *repr, guint flags)
 {
+    SPObject *child;
     SPItem *item = SP_ITEM(object);
 
+    // in the case of SP_OBJECT_WRITE_BUILD, the item should always be newly created,
+    // so we need to add any children from the underlying object to the new repr
+    if (flags & SP_OBJECT_WRITE_BUILD) {
+        Inkscape::XML::Node *crepr;
+        GSList *l;
+        l = NULL;
+        for (child = object->firstChild(); child != NULL; child = child->next ) {
+            if (!SP_IS_TITLE(child) && !SP_IS_DESC(child)) continue;
+            crepr = child->updateRepr(xml_doc, NULL, flags);
+            if (crepr) l = g_slist_prepend (l, crepr);
+        }
+        while (l) {
+            repr->addChild((Inkscape::XML::Node *) l->data, NULL);
+            Inkscape::GC::release((Inkscape::XML::Node *) l->data);
+            l = g_slist_remove (l, l->data);
+        }
+    } else {
+        for (child = object->firstChild() ; child != NULL; child = child->next ) {
+            if (!SP_IS_TITLE(child) && !SP_IS_DESC(child)) continue;
+            child->updateRepr(flags);
+        }
+    }
+
     gchar *c = sp_svg_transform_write(item->transform);
     repr->setAttribute("transform", c);
     g_free(c);
@@ -683,101 +696,150 @@ sp_item_write(SPObject *const object, Inkscape::XML::Node *repr, guint flags)
         g_free ((void *) value);
     }
 
-    if (((SPObjectClass *) (parent_class))->write) {
-        ((SPObjectClass *) (parent_class))->write(object, repr, flags);
+    if (((SPObjectClass *) (SPItemClass::static_parent_class))->write) {
+        ((SPObjectClass *) (SPItemClass::static_parent_class))->write(object, xml_doc, repr, flags);
     }
 
     return repr;
 }
 
-NR::Maybe<NR::Rect> SPItem::getBounds(NR::Matrix const &transform,
+/**
+ * \return  There is no guarantee that the return value will contain a rectangle.
+            If this item does not have a boundingbox, it might well be empty.
+ */
+Geom::OptRect SPItem::getBounds(Geom::Matrix const &transform,
                                       SPItem::BBoxType type,
                                       unsigned int /*dkey*/) const
 {
-    NR::Maybe<NR::Rect> r = NR::Nothing();
-    sp_item_invoke_bbox_full(this, &r, transform, type, TRUE);
+    Geom::OptRect r;
+    invoke_bbox_full( r, transform, type, TRUE);
     return r;
 }
 
-void
-sp_item_invoke_bbox(SPItem const *item, NR::Maybe<NR::Rect> *bbox, NR::Matrix const &transform, unsigned const clear, SPItem::BBoxType type)
+void SPItem::invoke_bbox( Geom::OptRect &bbox, Geom::Matrix const &transform, unsigned const clear, SPItem::BBoxType type)
 {
-    sp_item_invoke_bbox_full(item, bbox, transform, type, clear);
+    invoke_bbox_full( bbox, transform, type, clear);
 }
 
-// DEPRECATED to phase out the use of NRRect in favor of NR::Maybe<NR::Rect>
-void
-sp_item_invoke_bbox(SPItem const *item, NRRect *bbox, NR::Matrix const &transform, unsigned const clear, SPItem::BBoxType type)
+// DEPRECATED to phase out the use of NRRect in favor of Geom::OptRect
+void SPItem::invoke_bbox( NRRect *bbox, Geom::Matrix const &transform, unsigned const clear, SPItem::BBoxType type)
 {
-    sp_item_invoke_bbox_full(item, bbox, transform, type, clear);
+    invoke_bbox_full( bbox, transform, type, clear);
 }
 
 /** Calls \a item's subclass' bounding box method; clips it by the bbox of clippath, if any; and
  * unions the resulting bbox with \a bbox. If \a clear is true, empties \a bbox first. Passes the
  * transform and the flags to the actual bbox methods. Note that many of subclasses (e.g. groups,
- * clones), in turn, call this function in their bbox methods. */
-void
-sp_item_invoke_bbox_full(SPItem const *item, NR::Maybe<NR::Rect> *bbox, NR::Matrix const &transform, unsigned const flags, unsigned const clear)
+ * clones), in turn, call this function in their bbox methods.
+ * \retval bbox  Note that there is no guarantee that bbox will contain a rectangle when the
+ *               function returns. If this item does not have a boundingbox, this might well be empty.
+ */
+void SPItem::invoke_bbox_full( Geom::OptRect &bbox, Geom::Matrix const &transform, unsigned const flags, unsigned const clear) const
 {
-    g_assert(item != NULL);
-    g_assert(SP_IS_ITEM(item));
-    g_assert(bbox != NULL);
-
     if (clear) {
-        *bbox = NR::Nothing();
+        bbox = Geom::OptRect();
     }
 
-    // TODO: replace NRRect by NR::Rect, for all SPItemClasses, and for SP_CLIPPATH
+    // TODO: replace NRRect by Geom::Rect, for all SPItemClasses, and for SP_CLIPPATH
 
     NRRect temp_bbox;
     temp_bbox.x0 = temp_bbox.y0 = NR_HUGE;
     temp_bbox.x1 = temp_bbox.y1 = -NR_HUGE;
 
     // call the subclass method
-    if (((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(item))->bbox) {
-        ((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(item))->bbox(item, &temp_bbox, transform, flags);
-    }
+    if (((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(this))->bbox) {
+        ((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(this))->bbox(this, &temp_bbox, transform, flags);
+    }
+
+    // unless this is geometric bbox, extend by filter area and crop the bbox by clip path, if any
+    if ((SPItem::BBoxType) flags != SPItem::GEOMETRIC_BBOX) {
+        if ( style && style->filter.href) {
+            SPObject *filter = style->getFilter();
+            if (filter && SP_IS_FILTER(filter)) {
+                // default filer area per the SVG spec:
+                double x = -0.1;
+                double y = -0.1;
+                double w = 1.2;
+                double h = 1.2;
+
+                // if area is explicitly set, override:
+                if (SP_FILTER(filter)->x._set)
+                    x = SP_FILTER(filter)->x.computed;
+                if (SP_FILTER(filter)->y._set)
+                    y = SP_FILTER(filter)->y.computed;
+                if (SP_FILTER(filter)->width._set)
+                    w = SP_FILTER(filter)->width.computed;
+                if (SP_FILTER(filter)->height._set)
+                    h = SP_FILTER(filter)->height.computed;
+
+                double dx0 = 0;
+                double dx1 = 0;
+                double dy0 = 0;
+                double dy1 = 0;
+                if (filter_is_single_gaussian_blur(SP_FILTER(filter))) {
+                    // if this is a single blur, use 2.4*radius
+                    // which may be smaller than the default area;
+                    // see set_filter_area for why it's 2.4
+                    double r = get_single_gaussian_blur_radius (SP_FILTER(filter));
+                    dx0 = -2.4 * r;
+                    dx1 = 2.4 * r;
+                    dy0 = -2.4 * r;
+                    dy1 = 2.4 * r;
+                } else {
+                    // otherwise, calculate expansion from relative to absolute units:
+                    dx0 = x * (temp_bbox.x1 - temp_bbox.x0);
+                    dx1 = (w + x - 1) * (temp_bbox.x1 - temp_bbox.x0);
+                    dy0 = y * (temp_bbox.y1 - temp_bbox.y0);
+                    dy1 = (h + y - 1) * (temp_bbox.y1 - temp_bbox.y0);
+                }
 
-    // unless this is geometric bbox, crop the bbox by clip path, if any
-    if ((SPItem::BBoxType) flags != SPItem::GEOMETRIC_BBOX && item->clip_ref->getObject()) {
-        NRRect b;
-        sp_clippath_get_bbox(SP_CLIPPATH(item->clip_ref->getObject()), &b, transform, flags);
-        nr_rect_d_intersect (&temp_bbox, &temp_bbox, &b);
+                // transform the expansions by the item's transform:
+                Geom::Matrix i2d(i2d_affine ());
+                dx0 *= i2d.expansionX();
+                dx1 *= i2d.expansionX();
+                dy0 *= i2d.expansionY();
+                dy1 *= i2d.expansionY();
+
+                // expand the bbox
+                temp_bbox.x0 += dx0;
+                temp_bbox.x1 += dx1;
+                temp_bbox.y0 += dy0;
+                temp_bbox.y1 += dy1;
+            }
+        }
+        if (clip_ref->getObject()) {
+            NRRect b;
+            SP_CLIPPATH(clip_ref->getObject())->getBBox(&b, transform, flags);
+            nr_rect_d_intersect (&temp_bbox, &temp_bbox, &b);
+        }
     }
-    
+
     if (temp_bbox.x0 > temp_bbox.x1 || temp_bbox.y0 > temp_bbox.y1) {
-        // We'll assume here that when x0 > x1 or y0 > y1, the bbox is "nothing"
-        // However it has never been explicitely defined this way for NRRects
-        // (as opposed to NR::Maybe<NR::Rect>)
-        *bbox = NR::Nothing();
-        return;
-    } 
-    
-    if (temp_bbox.x0 == temp_bbox.y0 == NR_HUGE && temp_bbox.x1 == temp_bbox.y1 == -NR_HUGE) {
-        // The bbox hasn't been touched by the SPItemClass' bbox method
+        // Either the bbox hasn't been touched by the SPItemClass' bbox method
+        // (it still has its initial values, see above: x0 = y0 = NR_HUGE and x1 = y1 = -NR_HUGE)
         // or it has explicitely been set to be like this (e.g. in sp_shape_bbox)
-        *bbox = NR::Nothing();
+
+        // When x0 > x1 or y0 > y1, the bbox is considered to be "nothing", although it has not been
+        // explicitely defined this way for NRRects (as opposed to Geom::OptRect)
+        // So union bbox with nothing = do nothing, just return
         return;
     }
-    
-    // Do not use temp_bbox.upgrade() here, because it uses a test that returns NR::Nothing
+
+    // Do not use temp_bbox.upgrade() here, because it uses a test that returns an empty Geom::OptRect()
     // for any rectangle with zero area. The geometrical bbox of for example a vertical line
-    // would therefore be translated into NR::Nothing (see bug https://bugs.launchpad.net/inkscape/+bug/168684) 
-    NR::Maybe<NR::Rect> temp_bbox_new = NR::Rect(NR::Point(temp_bbox.x0, temp_bbox.y0), NR::Point(temp_bbox.x1, temp_bbox.y1));
-    
-    *bbox = NR::union_bounds(*bbox, temp_bbox_new);
+    // would therefore be translated into empty Geom::OptRect() (see bug https://bugs.launchpad.net/inkscape/+bug/168684)
+    Geom::OptRect temp_bbox_new = Geom::Rect(Geom::Point(temp_bbox.x0, temp_bbox.y0), Geom::Point(temp_bbox.x1, temp_bbox.y1));
+
+    bbox = Geom::unify(bbox, temp_bbox_new);
 }
 
-// DEPRECATED to phase out the use of NRRect in favor of NR::Maybe<NR::Rect>
+// DEPRECATED to phase out the use of NRRect in favor of Geom::OptRect
 /** Calls \a item's subclass' bounding box method; clips it by the bbox of clippath, if any; and
  * unions the resulting bbox with \a bbox. If \a clear is true, empties \a bbox first. Passes the
  * transform and the flags to the actual bbox methods. Note that many of subclasses (e.g. groups,
  * clones), in turn, call this function in their bbox methods. */
-void
-sp_item_invoke_bbox_full(SPItem const *item, NRRect *bbox, NR::Matrix const &transform, unsigned const flags, unsigned const clear)
+void SPItem::invoke_bbox_full( NRRect *bbox, Geom::Matrix const &transform, unsigned const flags, unsigned const clear)
 {
-    g_assert(item != NULL);
-    g_assert(SP_IS_ITEM(item));
     g_assert(bbox != NULL);
 
     if (clear) {
@@ -790,14 +852,14 @@ sp_item_invoke_bbox_full(SPItem const *item, NRRect *bbox, NR::Matrix const &tra
     this_bbox.x1 = this_bbox.y1 = -1e18;
 
     // call the subclass method
-    if (((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(item))->bbox) {
-        ((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(item))->bbox(item, &this_bbox, transform, flags);
+    if (((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(this))->bbox) {
+        ((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(this))->bbox(this, &this_bbox, transform, flags);
     }
 
     // unless this is geometric bbox, crop the bbox by clip path, if any
-    if ((SPItem::BBoxType) flags != SPItem::GEOMETRIC_BBOX && item->clip_ref->getObject()) {
+    if ((SPItem::BBoxType) flags != SPItem::GEOMETRIC_BBOX && clip_ref->getObject()) {
         NRRect b;
-        sp_clippath_get_bbox(SP_CLIPPATH(item->clip_ref->getObject()), &b, transform, flags);
+        SP_CLIPPATH(clip_ref->getObject())->getBBox(&b, transform, flags);
         nr_rect_d_intersect (&this_bbox, &this_bbox, &b);
     }
 
@@ -807,19 +869,15 @@ sp_item_invoke_bbox_full(SPItem const *item, NRRect *bbox, NR::Matrix const &tra
     }
 }
 
-unsigned sp_item_pos_in_parent(SPItem *item)
+unsigned SPItem::pos_in_parent()
 {
-    g_assert(item != NULL);
-    g_assert(SP_IS_ITEM(item));
-
-    SPObject *parent = SP_OBJECT_PARENT(item);
     g_assert(parent != NULL);
     g_assert(SP_IS_OBJECT(parent));
 
-    SPObject *object = SP_OBJECT(item);
+    SPObject *object = this;
 
     unsigned pos=0;
-    for ( SPObject *iter = sp_object_first_child(parent) ; iter ; iter = SP_OBJECT_NEXT(iter)) {
+    for ( SPObject *iter = parent->firstChild() ; iter ; iter = iter->next) {
         if ( iter == object ) {
             return pos;
         }
@@ -832,75 +890,100 @@ unsigned sp_item_pos_in_parent(SPItem *item)
     return 0;
 }
 
-void
-sp_item_bbox_desktop(SPItem *item, NRRect *bbox, SPItem::BBoxType type)
+void SPItem::getBboxDesktop(NRRect *bbox, SPItem::BBoxType type)
 {
-    g_assert(item != NULL);
-    g_assert(SP_IS_ITEM(item));
     g_assert(bbox != NULL);
 
-    sp_item_invoke_bbox(item, bbox, sp_item_i2d_affine(item), TRUE, type);
+    invoke_bbox( bbox, i2d_affine(), TRUE, type);
 }
 
-NR::Maybe<NR::Rect> sp_item_bbox_desktop(SPItem *item, SPItem::BBoxType type)
+Geom::OptRect SPItem::getBboxDesktop(SPItem::BBoxType type)
 {
-    NR::Maybe<NR::Rect> rect = NR::Nothing();
-    sp_item_invoke_bbox(item, &rect, sp_item_i2d_affine(item), TRUE, type);
+    Geom::OptRect rect = Geom::OptRect();
+    invoke_bbox( rect, i2d_affine(), TRUE, type);
     return rect;
 }
 
-static void sp_item_private_snappoints(SPItem const *item, SnapPointsIter p)
+void SPItem::sp_item_private_snappoints(SPItem const *item, std::vector<Inkscape::SnapCandidatePoint> &p, Inkscape::SnapPreferences const */*snapprefs*/)
 {
-    NR::Maybe<NR::Rect> bbox = item->getBounds(sp_item_i2d_affine(item));
-    /* Just the corners of the bounding box suffices given that we don't yet
-       support angled guide lines. */
+    /* This will only be called if the derived class doesn't override this.
+     * see for example sp_genericellipse_snappoints in sp-ellipse.cpp
+     * We don't know what shape we could be dealing with here, so we'll just
+     * return the corners of the bounding box */
+
+    Geom::OptRect bbox = item->getBounds(item->i2d_affine());
 
     if (bbox) {
-        NR::Point p1, p2;
+        Geom::Point p1, p2;
         p1 = bbox->min();
         p2 = bbox->max();
-        *p = p1;
-        *p = NR::Point(p1[NR::X], p2[NR::Y]);
-        *p = p2;
-        *p = NR::Point(p1[NR::Y], p2[NR::X]);
+        p.push_back(Inkscape::SnapCandidatePoint(p1, Inkscape::SNAPSOURCE_BBOX_CORNER, Inkscape::SNAPTARGET_BBOX_CORNER));
+        p.push_back(Inkscape::SnapCandidatePoint(Geom::Point(p1[Geom::X], p2[Geom::Y]), Inkscape::SNAPSOURCE_BBOX_CORNER, Inkscape::SNAPTARGET_BBOX_CORNER));
+        p.push_back(Inkscape::SnapCandidatePoint(p2, Inkscape::SNAPSOURCE_BBOX_CORNER, Inkscape::SNAPTARGET_BBOX_CORNER));
+        p.push_back(Inkscape::SnapCandidatePoint(Geom::Point(p2[Geom::X], p1[Geom::Y]), Inkscape::SNAPSOURCE_BBOX_CORNER, Inkscape::SNAPTARGET_BBOX_CORNER));
     }
+
 }
 
-void sp_item_snappoints(SPItem const *item, bool includeItemCenter, SnapPointsIter p)
+void SPItem::getSnappoints(std::vector<Inkscape::SnapCandidatePoint> &p, Inkscape::SnapPreferences const *snapprefs) const
 {
-    g_assert (item != NULL);
-    g_assert (SP_IS_ITEM(item));
-
-    SPItemClass const &item_class = *(SPItemClass const *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(item);
+    // Get the snappoints of the item
+    SPItemClass const &item_class = *(SPItemClass const *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(this);
     if (item_class.snappoints) {
-        item_class.snappoints(item, p);
-    }
-
-    if (includeItemCenter) {
-    	*p = item->getCenter();
+        item_class.snappoints(this, p, snapprefs);
+    }
+
+    // Get the snappoints at the item's center
+    if (snapprefs != NULL && snapprefs->getIncludeItemCenter()) {
+        p.push_back(Inkscape::SnapCandidatePoint(getCenter(), Inkscape::SNAPSOURCE_ROTATION_CENTER, Inkscape::SNAPTARGET_ROTATION_CENTER));
+    }
+
+    // Get the snappoints of clipping paths and mask, if any
+    std::list<SPObject const *> clips_and_masks;
+
+    clips_and_masks.push_back(clip_ref->getObject());
+    clips_and_masks.push_back(mask_ref->getObject());
+
+    SPDesktop *desktop = inkscape_active_desktop();
+    for (std::list<SPObject const *>::const_iterator o = clips_and_masks.begin(); o != clips_and_masks.end(); o++) {
+        if (*o) {
+            // obj is a group object, the children are the actual clippers
+            for (SPObject *child = (*o)->children ; child ; child = child->next) {
+                if (SP_IS_ITEM(child)) {
+                    std::vector<Inkscape::SnapCandidatePoint> p_clip_or_mask;
+                    // Please note the recursive call here!
+                    SP_ITEM(child)->getSnappoints(p_clip_or_mask, snapprefs);
+                    // Take into account the transformation of the item being clipped or masked
+                    for (std::vector<Inkscape::SnapCandidatePoint>::const_iterator p_orig = p_clip_or_mask.begin(); p_orig != p_clip_or_mask.end(); p_orig++) {
+                        // All snappoints are in desktop coordinates, but the item's transformation is
+                        // in document coordinates. Hence the awkward construction below
+                        Geom::Point pt = desktop->dt2doc((*p_orig).getPoint()) * i2d_affine();
+                        p.push_back(Inkscape::SnapCandidatePoint(pt, (*p_orig).getSourceType(), (*p_orig).getTargetType()));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 
-void
-sp_item_invoke_print(SPItem *item, SPPrintContext *ctx)
+void SPItem::invoke_print(SPPrintContext *ctx)
 {
-    if (!item->isHidden()) {
-        if (((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(item))->print) {
-            if (!item->transform.test_identity()
-                || SP_OBJECT_STYLE(item)->opacity.value != SP_SCALE24_MAX)
+    if ( !isHidden() ) {
+        if ( reinterpret_cast<SPItemClass *>(G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(this))->print ) {
+            if (!transform.isIdentity()
+                || style->opacity.value != SP_SCALE24_MAX)
             {
-                sp_print_bind(ctx, item->transform, SP_SCALE24_TO_FLOAT(SP_OBJECT_STYLE(item)->opacity.value));
-                ((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(item))->print(item, ctx);
+                sp_print_bind(ctx, transform, SP_SCALE24_TO_FLOAT(style->opacity.value));
+                reinterpret_cast<SPItemClass *>(G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(this))->print(this, ctx);
                 sp_print_release(ctx);
             } else {
-                ((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(item))->print(item, ctx);
+                reinterpret_cast<SPItemClass *>(G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(this))->print(this, ctx);
             }
         }
     }
 }
 
-static gchar *
-sp_item_private_description(SPItem */*item*/)
+gchar *SPItem::sp_item_private_description(SPItem */*item*/)
 {
     return g_strdup(_("Object"));
 }
@@ -910,24 +993,31 @@ sp_item_private_description(SPItem */*item*/)
  *
  * Must be freed by caller.
  */
-gchar *
-sp_item_description(SPItem *item)
+gchar *SPItem::description()
 {
-    g_assert(item != NULL);
-    g_assert(SP_IS_ITEM(item));
-
-    if (((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(item))->description) {
-        gchar *s = ((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(item))->description(item);
-        if (s && item->clip_ref->getObject()) {
+    if (((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(this))->description) {
+        gchar *s = ((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(this))->description(this);
+        if (s && clip_ref->getObject()) {
             gchar *snew = g_strdup_printf (_("%s; <i>clipped</i>"), s);
             g_free (s);
             s = snew;
         }
-        if (s && item->mask_ref->getObject()) {
+        if (s && mask_ref->getObject()) {
             gchar *snew = g_strdup_printf (_("%s; <i>masked</i>"), s);
             g_free (s);
             s = snew;
         }
+        if ( style && style->filter.href && style->filter.href->getObject() ) {
+            const gchar *label = style->filter.href->getObject()->label();
+            gchar *snew = 0;
+            if (label) {
+                snew = g_strdup_printf (_("%s; <i>filtered (%s)</i>"), s, _(label));
+            } else {
+                snew = g_strdup_printf (_("%s; <i>filtered</i>"), s);
+            }
+            g_free (s);
+            s = snew;
+        }
         return s;
     }
 
@@ -941,8 +1031,7 @@ sp_item_description(SPItem *item)
  * \return First allocated key; hence if the returned key is n
  * you can use n, n + 1, ..., n + (numkeys - 1)
  */
-unsigned
-sp_item_display_key_new(unsigned numkeys)
+unsigned SPItem::display_key_new(unsigned numkeys)
 {
     static unsigned dkey = 0;
 
@@ -951,51 +1040,48 @@ sp_item_display_key_new(unsigned numkeys)
     return dkey - numkeys;
 }
 
-NRArenaItem *
-sp_item_invoke_show(SPItem *item, NRArena *arena, unsigned key, unsigned flags)
+NRArenaItem *SPItem::invoke_show(NRArena *arena, unsigned key, unsigned flags)
 {
-    g_assert(item != NULL);
-    g_assert(SP_IS_ITEM(item));
     g_assert(arena != NULL);
     g_assert(NR_IS_ARENA(arena));
 
     NRArenaItem *ai = NULL;
-    if (((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(item))->show) {
-        ai = ((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(item))->show(item, arena, key, flags);
+    if (((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(this))->show) {
+        ai = ((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(this))->show(this, arena, key, flags);
     }
 
     if (ai != NULL) {
-        item->display = sp_item_view_new_prepend(item->display, item, flags, key, ai);
-        nr_arena_item_set_transform(ai, item->transform);
-        nr_arena_item_set_opacity(ai, SP_SCALE24_TO_FLOAT(SP_OBJECT_STYLE(item)->opacity.value));
-        nr_arena_item_set_visible(ai, !item->isHidden());
-        nr_arena_item_set_sensitive(ai, item->sensitive);
-        if (item->clip_ref->getObject()) {
-            SPClipPath *cp = item->clip_ref->getObject();
-
-            if (!item->display->arenaitem->key) {
-                NR_ARENA_ITEM_SET_KEY(item->display->arenaitem, sp_item_display_key_new(3));
+        display = sp_item_view_new_prepend(display, this, flags, key, ai);
+        nr_arena_item_set_transform(ai, transform);
+        nr_arena_item_set_opacity(ai, SP_SCALE24_TO_FLOAT(style->opacity.value));
+        nr_arena_item_set_visible(ai, !isHidden());
+        nr_arena_item_set_sensitive(ai, sensitive);
+        if (clip_ref->getObject()) {
+            SPClipPath *cp = clip_ref->getObject();
+
+            if (!display->arenaitem->key) {
+                NR_ARENA_ITEM_SET_KEY(display->arenaitem, display_key_new(3));
             }
-            int clip_key = NR_ARENA_ITEM_GET_KEY(item->display->arenaitem);
+            int clip_key = NR_ARENA_ITEM_GET_KEY(display->arenaitem);
 
             // Show and set clip
-            NRArenaItem *ac = sp_clippath_show(cp, arena, clip_key);
+            NRArenaItem *ac = cp->show(arena, clip_key);
             nr_arena_item_set_clip(ai, ac);
             nr_arena_item_unref(ac);
 
             // Update bbox, in case the clip uses bbox units
             NRRect bbox;
-            sp_item_invoke_bbox(item, &bbox, NR::identity(), TRUE);
-            sp_clippath_set_bbox(SP_CLIPPATH(cp), clip_key, &bbox);
-            SP_OBJECT(cp)->requestDisplayUpdate(SP_OBJECT_MODIFIED_FLAG);
+            invoke_bbox( &bbox, Geom::identity(), TRUE);
+            SP_CLIPPATH(cp)->setBBox(clip_key, &bbox);
+            cp->requestDisplayUpdate(SP_OBJECT_MODIFIED_FLAG);
         }
-        if (item->mask_ref->getObject()) {
-            SPMask *mask = item->mask_ref->getObject();
+        if (mask_ref->getObject()) {
+            SPMask *mask = mask_ref->getObject();
 
-            if (!item->display->arenaitem->key) {
-                NR_ARENA_ITEM_SET_KEY(item->display->arenaitem, sp_item_display_key_new(3));
+            if (!display->arenaitem->key) {
+                NR_ARENA_ITEM_SET_KEY(display->arenaitem, display_key_new(3));
             }
-            int mask_key = NR_ARENA_ITEM_GET_KEY(item->display->arenaitem);
+            int mask_key = NR_ARENA_ITEM_GET_KEY(display->arenaitem);
 
             // Show and set mask
             NRArenaItem *ac = sp_mask_show(mask, arena, mask_key);
@@ -1004,45 +1090,40 @@ sp_item_invoke_show(SPItem *item, NRArena *arena, unsigned key, unsigned flags)
 
             // Update bbox, in case the mask uses bbox units
             NRRect bbox;
-            sp_item_invoke_bbox(item, &bbox, NR::identity(), TRUE);
+            invoke_bbox( &bbox, Geom::identity(), TRUE);
             sp_mask_set_bbox(SP_MASK(mask), mask_key, &bbox);
-            SP_OBJECT(mask)->requestDisplayUpdate(SP_OBJECT_MODIFIED_FLAG);
+            mask->requestDisplayUpdate(SP_OBJECT_MODIFIED_FLAG);
         }
-        NR_ARENA_ITEM_SET_DATA(ai, item);
-        NRRect item_bbox;
-        sp_item_invoke_bbox(item, &item_bbox, NR::identity(), TRUE, SPItem::GEOMETRIC_BBOX);
-        NR::Maybe<NR::Rect> i_bbox = item_bbox;
-        nr_arena_item_set_item_bbox(ai, i_bbox);
+        NR_ARENA_ITEM_SET_DATA(ai, this);
+        Geom::OptRect item_bbox;
+        invoke_bbox( item_bbox, Geom::identity(), TRUE, SPItem::GEOMETRIC_BBOX);
+        nr_arena_item_set_item_bbox(ai, item_bbox);
     }
 
     return ai;
 }
 
-void
-sp_item_invoke_hide(SPItem *item, unsigned key)
+void SPItem::invoke_hide(unsigned key)
 {
-    g_assert(item != NULL);
-    g_assert(SP_IS_ITEM(item));
-
-    if (((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(item))->hide) {
-        ((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(item))->hide(item, key);
+    if (((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(this))->hide) {
+        ((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(this))->hide(this, key);
     }
 
     SPItemView *ref = NULL;
-    SPItemView *v = item->display;
+    SPItemView *v = display;
     while (v != NULL) {
         SPItemView *next = v->next;
         if (v->key == key) {
-            if (item->clip_ref->getObject()) {
-                sp_clippath_hide(item->clip_ref->getObject(), NR_ARENA_ITEM_GET_KEY(v->arenaitem));
+            if (clip_ref->getObject()) {
+                (clip_ref->getObject())->hide(NR_ARENA_ITEM_GET_KEY(v->arenaitem));
                 nr_arena_item_set_clip(v->arenaitem, NULL);
             }
-            if (item->mask_ref->getObject()) {
-                sp_mask_hide(item->mask_ref->getObject(), NR_ARENA_ITEM_GET_KEY(v->arenaitem));
+            if (mask_ref->getObject()) {
+                sp_mask_hide(mask_ref->getObject(), NR_ARENA_ITEM_GET_KEY(v->arenaitem));
                 nr_arena_item_set_mask(v->arenaitem, NULL);
             }
             if (!ref) {
-                item->display = v->next;
+                display = v->next;
             } else {
                 ref->next = v->next;
             }
@@ -1058,37 +1139,30 @@ sp_item_invoke_hide(SPItem *item, unsigned key)
 
 // Adjusters
 
-void
-sp_item_adjust_pattern (SPItem *item, NR::Matrix const &postmul, bool set)
+void SPItem::adjust_pattern (Geom::Matrix const &postmul, bool set)
 {
-    SPStyle *style = SP_OBJECT_STYLE (item);
-
     if (style && (style->fill.isPaintserver())) {
-        SPObject *server = SP_OBJECT_STYLE_FILL_SERVER (item);
-        if (SP_IS_PATTERN (server)) {
-            SPPattern *pattern = sp_pattern_clone_if_necessary (item, SP_PATTERN (server), "fill");
-            sp_pattern_transform_multiply (pattern, postmul, set);
+        SPObject *server = style->getFillPaintServer();
+        if ( SP_IS_PATTERN(server) ) {
+            SPPattern *pattern = sp_pattern_clone_if_necessary(this, SP_PATTERN(server), "fill");
+            sp_pattern_transform_multiply(pattern, postmul, set);
         }
     }
 
     if (style && (style->stroke.isPaintserver())) {
-        SPObject *server = SP_OBJECT_STYLE_STROKE_SERVER (item);
-        if (SP_IS_PATTERN (server)) {
-            SPPattern *pattern = sp_pattern_clone_if_necessary (item, SP_PATTERN (server), "stroke");
-            sp_pattern_transform_multiply (pattern, postmul, set);
+        SPObject *server = style->getStrokePaintServer();
+        if ( SP_IS_PATTERN(server) ) {
+            SPPattern *pattern = sp_pattern_clone_if_necessary(this, SP_PATTERN(server), "stroke");
+            sp_pattern_transform_multiply(pattern, postmul, set);
         }
     }
-
 }
 
-void
-sp_item_adjust_gradient (SPItem *item, NR::Matrix const &postmul, bool set)
+void SPItem::adjust_gradient( Geom::Matrix const &postmul, bool set )
 {
-    SPStyle *style = SP_OBJECT_STYLE (item);
-
-    if (style && (style->fill.isPaintserver())) {
-        SPObject *server = SP_OBJECT_STYLE_FILL_SERVER(item);
-        if (SP_IS_GRADIENT (server)) {
+    if ( style && style->fill.isPaintserver() ) {
+        SPPaintServer *server = style->getFillPaintServer();
+        if ( SP_IS_GRADIENT(server) ) {
 
             /**
              * \note Bbox units for a gradient are generally a bad idea because
@@ -1099,53 +1173,47 @@ sp_item_adjust_gradient (SPItem *item, NR::Matrix const &postmul, bool set)
              * \todo FIXME: convert back to bbox units after transforming with
              * the item, so as to preserve the original units.
              */
-            SPGradient *gradient = sp_gradient_convert_to_userspace (SP_GRADIENT (server), item, "fill");
+            SPGradient *gradient = sp_gradient_convert_to_userspace( SP_GRADIENT(server), this, "fill" );
 
-            sp_gradient_transform_multiply (gradient, postmul, set);
+            sp_gradient_transform_multiply( gradient, postmul, set );
         }
     }
 
-    if (style && (style->stroke.isPaintserver())) {
-        SPObject *server = SP_OBJECT_STYLE_STROKE_SERVER(item);
-        if (SP_IS_GRADIENT (server)) {
-            SPGradient *gradient = sp_gradient_convert_to_userspace (SP_GRADIENT (server), item, "stroke");
-            sp_gradient_transform_multiply (gradient, postmul, set);
+    if ( style && style->stroke.isPaintserver() ) {
+        SPPaintServer *server = style->getStrokePaintServer();
+        if ( SP_IS_GRADIENT(server) ) {
+            SPGradient *gradient = sp_gradient_convert_to_userspace( SP_GRADIENT(server), this, "stroke");
+            sp_gradient_transform_multiply( gradient, postmul, set );
         }
     }
 }
 
-void
-sp_item_adjust_stroke (SPItem *item, gdouble ex)
+void SPItem::adjust_stroke( gdouble ex )
 {
-    SPStyle *style = SP_OBJECT_STYLE (item);
-
-    if (style && !style->stroke.isNone() && !NR_DF_TEST_CLOSE (ex, 1.0, NR_EPSILON)) {
-
+    if ( style && !style->stroke.isNone() && !NR_DF_TEST_CLOSE(ex, 1.0, NR_EPSILON) ) {
         style->stroke_width.computed *= ex;
         style->stroke_width.set = TRUE;
 
-        if (style->stroke_dash.n_dash != 0) {
-            int i;
-            for (i = 0; i < style->stroke_dash.n_dash; i++) {
+        if ( style->stroke_dash.n_dash != 0 ) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < style->stroke_dash.n_dash; i++) {
                 style->stroke_dash.dash[i] *= ex;
             }
             style->stroke_dash.offset *= ex;
         }
 
-        SP_OBJECT(item)->updateRepr();
+        updateRepr();
     }
 }
 
 /**
  * Find out the inverse of previous transform of an item (from its repr)
  */
-NR::Matrix
-sp_item_transform_repr (SPItem *item)
+Geom::Matrix sp_item_transform_repr (SPItem *item)
 {
-    NR::Matrix t_old(NR::identity());
-    gchar const *t_attr = SP_OBJECT_REPR(item)->attribute("transform");
+    Geom::Matrix t_old(Geom::identity());
+    gchar const *t_attr = item->getRepr()->attribute("transform");
     if (t_attr) {
-        NR::Matrix t;
+        Geom::Matrix t;
         if (sp_svg_transform_read(t_attr, &t)) {
             t_old = t;
         }
@@ -1158,18 +1226,17 @@ sp_item_transform_repr (SPItem *item)
 /**
  * Recursively scale stroke width in \a item and its children by \a expansion.
  */
-void
-sp_item_adjust_stroke_width_recursive(SPItem *item, double expansion)
+void SPItem::adjust_stroke_width_recursive(double expansion)
 {
-    sp_item_adjust_stroke (item, expansion);
+    adjust_stroke (expansion);
 
 // A clone's child is the ghost of its original - we must not touch it, skip recursion
-    if (item && SP_IS_USE(item))
-        return;
-
-    for (SPObject *o = SP_OBJECT(item)->children; o != NULL; o = o->next) {
-        if (SP_IS_ITEM(o))
-            sp_item_adjust_stroke_width_recursive(SP_ITEM(o), expansion);
+    if ( !SP_IS_USE(this) ) {
+        for ( SPObject *o = children; o; o = o->getNext() ) {
+            if (SP_IS_ITEM(o)) {
+                SP_ITEM(o)->adjust_stroke_width_recursive(expansion);
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -1177,13 +1244,13 @@ sp_item_adjust_stroke_width_recursive(SPItem *item, double expansion)
  * Recursively adjust rx and ry of rects.
  */
 void
-sp_item_adjust_rects_recursive(SPItem *item, NR::Matrix advertized_transform)
+sp_item_adjust_rects_recursive(SPItem *item, Geom::Matrix advertized_transform)
 {
     if (SP_IS_RECT (item)) {
         sp_rect_compensate_rxry (SP_RECT(item), advertized_transform);
     }
 
-    for (SPObject *o = SP_OBJECT(item)->children; o != NULL; o = o->next) {
+    for (SPObject *o = item->children; o != NULL; o = o->next) {
         if (SP_IS_ITEM(o))
             sp_item_adjust_rects_recursive(SP_ITEM(o), advertized_transform);
     }
@@ -1192,24 +1259,23 @@ sp_item_adjust_rects_recursive(SPItem *item, NR::Matrix advertized_transform)
 /**
  * Recursively compensate pattern or gradient transform.
  */
-void
-sp_item_adjust_paint_recursive (SPItem *item, NR::Matrix advertized_transform, NR::Matrix t_ancestors, bool is_pattern)
+void SPItem::adjust_paint_recursive (Geom::Matrix advertized_transform, Geom::Matrix t_ancestors, bool is_pattern)
 {
 // _Before_ full pattern/gradient transform: t_paint * t_item * t_ancestors
 // _After_ full pattern/gradient transform: t_paint_new * t_item * t_ancestors * advertised_transform
 // By equating these two expressions we get t_paint_new = t_paint * paint_delta, where:
-    NR::Matrix t_item = sp_item_transform_repr (item);
-    NR::Matrix paint_delta = t_item * t_ancestors * advertized_transform * t_ancestors.inverse() * t_item.inverse();
+    Geom::Matrix t_item = sp_item_transform_repr (this);
+    Geom::Matrix paint_delta = t_item * t_ancestors * advertized_transform * t_ancestors.inverse() * t_item.inverse();
 
 // Within text, we do not fork gradients, and so must not recurse to avoid double compensation;
 // also we do not recurse into clones, because a clone's child is the ghost of its original -
 // we must not touch it
-    if (!(item && (SP_IS_TEXT(item) || SP_IS_USE(item)))) {
-        for (SPObject *o = SP_OBJECT(item)->children; o != NULL; o = o->next) {
+    if (!(this && (SP_IS_TEXT(this) || SP_IS_USE(this)))) {
+        for (SPObject *o = children; o != NULL; o = o->next) {
             if (SP_IS_ITEM(o)) {
 // At the level of the transformed item, t_ancestors is identity;
 // below it, it is the accmmulated chain of transforms from this level to the top level
-                sp_item_adjust_paint_recursive (SP_ITEM(o), advertized_transform, t_item * t_ancestors, is_pattern);
+                SP_ITEM(o)->adjust_paint_recursive (advertized_transform, t_item * t_ancestors, is_pattern);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -1219,47 +1285,34 @@ sp_item_adjust_paint_recursive (SPItem *item, NR::Matrix advertized_transform, N
 // and paintservers on leaves inheriting their values from ancestors could adjust themselves properly
 // before ancestors themselves are adjusted, probably differently (bug 1286535)
 
-    if (is_pattern)
-        sp_item_adjust_pattern (item, paint_delta);
-    else
-        sp_item_adjust_gradient (item, paint_delta);
-
+    if (is_pattern) {
+        adjust_pattern(paint_delta);
+    } else {
+        adjust_gradient(paint_delta);
+    }
 }
 
-void
-sp_item_adjust_livepatheffect (SPItem *item, NR::Matrix const &postmul, bool set)
+void SPItem::adjust_livepatheffect (Geom::Matrix const &postmul, bool set)
 {
-    if ( !SP_IS_SHAPE(item) )
-        return;
-
-    SPShape *shape = SP_SHAPE (item);
-    if ( sp_shape_has_path_effect(shape) ) {
-        LivePathEffectObject *lpeobj = sp_shape_get_livepatheffectobject(shape);
-        LivePathEffectObject *new_lpeobj = lpeobj->fork_private_if_necessary();
-        if (new_lpeobj != lpeobj) {
-            sp_shape_set_path_effect(shape, new_lpeobj);
-        }
-
-        Inkscape::LivePathEffect::Effect * effect = sp_shape_get_livepatheffect(shape);
-        if (effect) {
-            effect->transform_multiply (to_2geom(postmul), set);
+    if ( SP_IS_LPE_ITEM(this) ) {
+        SPLPEItem *lpeitem = SP_LPE_ITEM (this);
+        if ( sp_lpe_item_has_path_effect(lpeitem) ) {
+            sp_lpe_item_fork_path_effects_if_necessary(lpeitem);
+
+            // now that all LPEs are forked_if_necessary, we can apply the transform
+            PathEffectList effect_list =  sp_lpe_item_get_effect_list(lpeitem);
+            for (PathEffectList::iterator it = effect_list.begin(); it != effect_list.end(); it++)
+            {
+                LivePathEffectObject *lpeobj = (*it)->lpeobject;
+                if (lpeobj && lpeobj->get_lpe()) {
+                    Inkscape::LivePathEffect::Effect * effect = lpeobj->get_lpe();
+                    effect->transform_multiply(postmul, set);
+                }
+            }
         }
     }
 }
 
-/**
- * A temporary wrapper for the next function accepting the NRMatrix
- * instead of NR::Matrix
- */
-void
-sp_item_write_transform(SPItem *item, Inkscape::XML::Node *repr, NRMatrix const *transform, NR::Matrix const *adv)
-{
-    if (transform == NULL)
-        sp_item_write_transform(item, repr, NR::identity(), adv);
-    else
-        sp_item_write_transform(item, repr, NR::Matrix (transform), adv);
-}
-
 /**
  * Set a new transform on an object.
  *
@@ -1268,83 +1321,77 @@ sp_item_write_transform(SPItem *item, Inkscape::XML::Node *repr, NRMatrix const
  * stored optimized. Send _transformed_signal. Invoke _write method so that
  * the repr is updated with the new transform.
  */
-void
-sp_item_write_transform(SPItem *item, Inkscape::XML::Node *repr, NR::Matrix const &transform, NR::Matrix const *adv, bool compensate)
+void SPItem::doWriteTransform(Inkscape::XML::Node *repr, Geom::Matrix const &transform, Geom::Matrix const *adv, bool compensate)
 {
-    g_return_if_fail(item != NULL);
-    g_return_if_fail(SP_IS_ITEM(item));
     g_return_if_fail(repr != NULL);
 
     // calculate the relative transform, if not given by the adv attribute
-    NR::Matrix advertized_transform;
+    Geom::Matrix advertized_transform;
     if (adv != NULL) {
         advertized_transform = *adv;
     } else {
-        advertized_transform = sp_item_transform_repr (item).inverse() * transform;
+        advertized_transform = sp_item_transform_repr (this).inverse() * transform;
     }
 
+    Inkscape::Preferences *prefs = Inkscape::Preferences::get();
     if (compensate) {
 
          // recursively compensate for stroke scaling, depending on user preference
-        if (prefs_get_int_attribute("options.transform", "stroke", 1) == 0) {
-            double const expansion = 1. / NR::expansion(advertized_transform);
-            sp_item_adjust_stroke_width_recursive(item, expansion);
+        if (!prefs->getBool("/options/transform/stroke", true)) {
+            double const expansion = 1. / advertized_transform.descrim();
+            adjust_stroke_width_recursive(expansion);
         }
 
         // recursively compensate rx/ry of a rect if requested
-        if (prefs_get_int_attribute("options.transform", "rectcorners", 1) == 0) {
-            sp_item_adjust_rects_recursive(item, advertized_transform);
+        if (!prefs->getBool("/options/transform/rectcorners", true)) {
+            sp_item_adjust_rects_recursive(this, advertized_transform);
         }
 
         // recursively compensate pattern fill if it's not to be transformed
-        if (prefs_get_int_attribute("options.transform", "pattern", 1) == 0) {
-            sp_item_adjust_paint_recursive (item, advertized_transform.inverse(), NR::identity(), true);
+        if (!prefs->getBool("/options/transform/pattern", true)) {
+            adjust_paint_recursive (advertized_transform.inverse(), Geom::identity(), true);
         }
         /// \todo FIXME: add the same else branch as for gradients below, to convert patterns to userSpaceOnUse as well
         /// recursively compensate gradient fill if it's not to be transformed
-        if (prefs_get_int_attribute("options.transform", "gradient", 1) == 0) {
-            sp_item_adjust_paint_recursive (item, advertized_transform.inverse(), NR::identity(), false);
+        if (!prefs->getBool("/options/transform/gradient", true)) {
+            adjust_paint_recursive (advertized_transform.inverse(), Geom::identity(), false);
         } else {
             // this converts the gradient/pattern fill/stroke, if any, to userSpaceOnUse; we need to do
             // it here _before_ the new transform is set, so as to use the pre-transform bbox
-            sp_item_adjust_paint_recursive (item, NR::identity(), NR::identity(), false);
+            adjust_paint_recursive (Geom::identity(), Geom::identity(), false);
         }
 
     } // endif(compensate)
 
-    gint preserve = prefs_get_int_attribute("options.preservetransform", "value", 0);
-    NR::Matrix transform_attr (transform);
+    gint preserve = prefs->getBool("/options/preservetransform/value", 0);
+    Geom::Matrix transform_attr (transform);
     if ( // run the object's set_transform (i.e. embed transform) only if:
-         ((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(item))->set_transform && // it does have a set_transform method
+         ((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(this))->set_transform && // it does have a set_transform method
              !preserve && // user did not chose to preserve all transforms
-             !item->clip_ref->getObject() && // the object does not have a clippath
-             !item->mask_ref->getObject() && // the object does not have a mask
-         !(!transform.is_translation() && SP_OBJECT_STYLE(item) && SP_OBJECT_STYLE(item)->getFilter())
+             !clip_ref->getObject() && // the object does not have a clippath
+             !mask_ref->getObject() && // the object does not have a mask
+         !(!transform.isTranslation() && style && style->getFilter())
              // the object does not have a filter, or the transform is translation (which is supposed to not affect filters)
         ) {
-        transform_attr = ((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(item))->set_transform(item, transform);
+        transform_attr = ((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(this))->set_transform(this, transform);
     }
-    sp_item_set_item_transform(item, transform_attr);
+    set_item_transform(transform_attr);
 
     // Note: updateRepr comes before emitting the transformed signal since
     // it causes clone SPUse's copy of the original object to brought up to
     // date with the original.  Otherwise, sp_use_bbox returns incorrect
     // values if called in code handling the transformed signal.
-    SP_OBJECT(item)->updateRepr();
+    updateRepr();
 
     // send the relative transform with a _transformed_signal
-    item->_transformed_signal.emit(&advertized_transform, item);
+    _transformed_signal.emit(&advertized_transform, this);
 }
 
-gint
-sp_item_event(SPItem *item, SPEvent *event)
+gint SPItem::emitEvent(SPEvent &event)
 {
-    g_return_val_if_fail(item != NULL, FALSE);
-    g_return_val_if_fail(SP_IS_ITEM(item), FALSE);
-    g_return_val_if_fail(event != NULL, FALSE);
-
-    if (((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(item))->event)
-        return ((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(item))->event(item, event);
+    if (((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(this))->event) {
+        return ((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(this))->event(this, &event);
+    }
 
     return FALSE;
 }
@@ -1353,18 +1400,25 @@ sp_item_event(SPItem *item, SPEvent *event)
  * Sets item private transform (not propagated to repr), without compensating stroke widths,
  * gradients, patterns as sp_item_write_transform does.
  */
-void
-sp_item_set_item_transform(SPItem *item, NR::Matrix const &transform)
+void SPItem::set_item_transform(Geom::Matrix const &transform_matrix)
 {
-    g_return_if_fail(item != NULL);
-    g_return_if_fail(SP_IS_ITEM(item));
-
-    if (!matrix_equalp(transform, item->transform, NR_EPSILON)) {
-        item->transform = transform;
+    if (!matrix_equalp(transform_matrix, transform, NR_EPSILON)) {
+        transform = transform_matrix;
         /* The SP_OBJECT_USER_MODIFIED_FLAG_B is used to mark the fact that it's only a
            transformation.  It's apparently not used anywhere else. */
-        item->requestDisplayUpdate(SP_OBJECT_MODIFIED_FLAG | SP_OBJECT_USER_MODIFIED_FLAG_B);
-        sp_item_rm_unsatisfied_cns(*item);
+        requestDisplayUpdate(SP_OBJECT_MODIFIED_FLAG | SP_OBJECT_USER_MODIFIED_FLAG_B);
+        sp_item_rm_unsatisfied_cns(*this);
+    }
+}
+
+void SPItem::convert_item_to_guides() {
+    // Use derived method if present ...
+    if (((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(this))->convert_to_guides) {
+        (*((SPItemClass *) G_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(this))->convert_to_guides)(this);
+    } else {
+        // .. otherwise simply place the guides around the item's bounding box
+
+        convert_to_guides();
     }
 }
 
@@ -1373,30 +1427,31 @@ sp_item_set_item_transform(SPItem *item, NR::Matrix const &transform)
  * \pre \a ancestor really is an ancestor (\>=) of \a object, or NULL.
  *   ("Ancestor (\>=)" here includes as far as \a object itself.)
  */
-NR::Matrix
+Geom::Matrix
 i2anc_affine(SPObject const *object, SPObject const *const ancestor) {
-    NR::Matrix ret(NR::identity());
+    Geom::Matrix ret(Geom::identity());
     g_return_val_if_fail(object != NULL, ret);
 
     /* stop at first non-renderable ancestor */
     while ( object != ancestor && SP_IS_ITEM(object) ) {
         if (SP_IS_ROOT(object)) {
             ret *= SP_ROOT(object)->c2p;
+        } else {
+            ret *= SP_ITEM(object)->transform;
         }
-        ret *= SP_ITEM(object)->transform;
-        object = SP_OBJECT_PARENT(object);
+        object = object->parent;
     }
     return ret;
 }
 
-NR::Matrix
+Geom::Matrix
 i2i_affine(SPObject const *src, SPObject const *dest) {
-    g_return_val_if_fail(src != NULL && dest != NULL, NR::identity());
+    g_return_val_if_fail(src != NULL && dest != NULL, Geom::identity());
     SPObject const *ancestor = src->nearestCommonAncestor(dest);
-    return i2anc_affine(src, ancestor) / i2anc_affine(dest, ancestor);
+    return i2anc_affine(src, ancestor) * i2anc_affine(dest, ancestor).inverse();
 }
 
-NR::Matrix SPItem::getRelativeTransform(SPObject const *dest) const {
+Geom::Matrix SPItem::getRelativeTransform(SPObject const *dest) const {
     return i2i_affine(this, dest);
 }
 
@@ -1404,132 +1459,66 @@ NR::Matrix SPItem::getRelativeTransform(SPObject const *dest) const {
  * Returns the accumulated transformation of the item and all its ancestors, including root's viewport.
  * \pre (item != NULL) and SP_IS_ITEM(item).
  */
-NR::Matrix sp_item_i2doc_affine(SPItem const *item)
+Geom::Matrix SPItem::i2doc_affine() const
 {
-    return i2anc_affine(item, NULL);
+    return i2anc_affine(this, NULL);
 }
 
 /**
- * Returns the accumulated transformation of the item and all its ancestors, but excluding root's viewport.
- * Used in path operations mostly.
- * \pre (item != NULL) and SP_IS_ITEM(item).
- */
-NR::Matrix sp_item_i2root_affine(SPItem const *item)
-{
-    g_assert(item != NULL);
-    g_assert(SP_IS_ITEM(item));
-
-    NR::Matrix ret(NR::identity());
-    g_assert(ret.test_identity());
-    while ( NULL != SP_OBJECT_PARENT(item) ) {
-        ret *= item->transform;
-        item = SP_ITEM(SP_OBJECT_PARENT(item));
-    }
-    g_assert(SP_IS_ROOT(item));
-
-    ret *= item->transform;
-
-    return ret;
-}
-
-/* fixme: This is EVIL!!! */
-
-NR::Matrix sp_item_i2d_affine(SPItem const *item)
-{
-    g_assert(item != NULL);
-    g_assert(SP_IS_ITEM(item));
-
-    NR::Matrix const ret( sp_item_i2doc_affine(item)
-                          * NR::scale(1, -1)
-                          * NR::translate(0, sp_document_height(SP_OBJECT_DOCUMENT(item))) );
-    return ret;
-}
-
-// same as i2d but with i2root instead of i2doc
-NR::Matrix sp_item_i2r_affine(SPItem const *item)
-{
-    g_assert(item != NULL);
-    g_assert(SP_IS_ITEM(item));
-
-    NR::Matrix const ret( sp_item_i2root_affine(item)
-                          * NR::scale(1, -1)
-                          * NR::translate(0, sp_document_height(SP_OBJECT_DOCUMENT(item))) );
-    return ret;
-}
-
-/**
- * Converts a matrix \a m into the desktop coords of the \a item.
- * Will become a noop when we eliminate the coordinate flipping.
+ * Returns the transformation from item to desktop coords
  */
-NR::Matrix matrix_to_desktop(NR::Matrix const m, SPItem const *item)
+Geom::Matrix SPItem::i2d_affine() const
 {
-    NR::Matrix const ret(m
-                         * NR::translate(0, -sp_document_height(SP_OBJECT_DOCUMENT(item)))
-                         * NR::scale(1, -1));
+    Geom::Matrix const ret( i2doc_affine()
+                          * Geom::Scale(1, -1)
+                          * Geom::Translate(0, document->getHeight()) );
     return ret;
 }
 
-/**
- * Converts a matrix \a m from the desktop coords of the \a item.
- * Will become a noop when we eliminate the coordinate flipping.
- */
-NR::Matrix matrix_from_desktop(NR::Matrix const m, SPItem const *item)
+void SPItem::set_i2d_affine(Geom::Matrix const &i2dt)
 {
-    NR::Matrix const ret(NR::scale(1, -1)
-                         * NR::translate(0, sp_document_height(SP_OBJECT_DOCUMENT(item)))
-                         * m);
-    return ret;
-}
-
-void sp_item_set_i2d_affine(SPItem *item, NR::Matrix const &i2dt)
-{
-    g_return_if_fail( item != NULL );
-    g_return_if_fail( SP_IS_ITEM(item) );
-
-    NR::Matrix dt2p; /* desktop to item parent transform */
-    if (SP_OBJECT_PARENT(item)) {
-        dt2p = sp_item_i2d_affine((SPItem *) SP_OBJECT_PARENT(item)).inverse();
+    Geom::Matrix dt2p; /* desktop to item parent transform */
+    if (parent) {
+        dt2p = static_cast<SPItem *>(parent)->i2d_affine().inverse();
     } else {
-        dt2p = ( NR::translate(0, -sp_document_height(SP_OBJECT_DOCUMENT(item)))
-                 * NR::scale(1, -1) );
+        dt2p = ( Geom::Translate(0, -document->getHeight())
+                 * Geom::Scale(1, -1) );
     }
 
-    NR::Matrix const i2p( i2dt * dt2p );
-    sp_item_set_item_transform(item, i2p);
+    Geom::Matrix const i2p( i2dt * dt2p );
+    set_item_transform(i2p);
 }
 
 
-NR::Matrix
-sp_item_dt2i_affine(SPItem const *item)
+/**
+ * should rather be named "sp_item_d2i_affine" to match "sp_item_i2d_affine" (or vice versa)
+ */
+Geom::Matrix SPItem::dt2i_affine() const
 {
     /* fixme: Implement the right way (Lauris) */
-    return sp_item_i2d_affine(item).inverse();
+    return i2d_affine().inverse();
 }
 
 /* Item views */
 
-static SPItemView *
-sp_item_view_new_prepend(SPItemView *list, SPItem *item, unsigned flags, unsigned key, NRArenaItem *arenaitem)
+SPItemView *SPItem::sp_item_view_new_prepend(SPItemView *list, SPItem *item, unsigned flags, unsigned key, NRArenaItem *arenaitem)
 {
-    SPItemView *new_view;
-
     g_assert(item != NULL);
     g_assert(SP_IS_ITEM(item));
     g_assert(arenaitem != NULL);
     g_assert(NR_IS_ARENA_ITEM(arenaitem));
 
-    new_view = g_new(SPItemView, 1);
+    SPItemView *new_view = g_new(SPItemView, 1);
 
     new_view->next = list;
     new_view->flags = flags;
     new_view->key = key;
-    new_view->arenaitem = nr_arena_item_ref(arenaitem);
+    new_view->arenaitem = arenaitem;
 
     return new_view;
 }
 
-static SPItemView *
-sp_item_view_list_remove(SPItemView *list, SPItemView *view)
+SPItemView *SPItem::sp_item_view_list_remove(SPItemView *list, SPItemView *view)
 {
     if (view == list) {
         list = list->next;
@@ -1550,10 +1539,9 @@ sp_item_view_list_remove(SPItemView *list, SPItemView *view)
  * Return the arenaitem corresponding to the given item in the display
  * with the given key
  */
-NRArenaItem *
-sp_item_get_arenaitem(SPItem *item, unsigned key)
+NRArenaItem *SPItem::get_arenaitem(unsigned key)
 {
-    for ( SPItemView *iv = item->display ; iv ; iv = iv->next ) {
+    for ( SPItemView *iv = display ; iv ; iv = iv->next ) {
         if ( iv->key == key ) {
             return iv->arenaitem;
         }
@@ -1562,32 +1550,34 @@ sp_item_get_arenaitem(SPItem *item, unsigned key)
     return NULL;
 }
 
-int
-sp_item_repr_compare_position(SPItem *first, SPItem *second)
+int sp_item_repr_compare_position(SPItem *first, SPItem *second)
 {
-    return sp_repr_compare_position(SP_OBJECT_REPR(first),
-                                    SP_OBJECT_REPR(second));
+    return sp_repr_compare_position(first->getRepr(),
+                                    second->getRepr());
 }
 
-SPItem *
-sp_item_first_item_child (SPObject *obj)
+SPItem *sp_item_first_item_child(SPObject *obj)
 {
-    for ( SPObject *iter = sp_object_first_child(obj) ; iter ; iter = SP_OBJECT_NEXT(iter)) {
-        if (SP_IS_ITEM (iter))
-            return SP_ITEM (iter);
+    SPItem *child = 0;
+    for ( SPObject *iter = obj->firstChild() ; iter ; iter = iter->next ) {
+        if ( SP_IS_ITEM(iter) ) {
+            child = SP_ITEM(iter);
+            break;
+        }
     }
-    return NULL;
+    return child;
 }
 
-void
-sp_item_convert_to_guides(SPItem *item) {
+void SPItem::convert_to_guides() {
     SPDesktop *dt = inkscape_active_desktop();
-    SPNamedView *nv = sp_desktop_namedview(dt);
+    sp_desktop_namedview(dt);
 
-    gchar const *prefs_bbox = prefs_get_string_attribute("tools.select", "bounding_box");
-    SPItem::BBoxType bbox_type = (prefs_bbox != NULL && strcmp(prefs_bbox, "geometric")==0)? SPItem::GEOMETRIC_BBOX : SPItem::RENDERING_BBOX;
+    Inkscape::Preferences *prefs = Inkscape::Preferences::get();
+    int prefs_bbox = prefs->getInt("/tools/bounding_box", 0);
+    SPItem::BBoxType bbox_type = (prefs_bbox ==0)?
+        SPItem::APPROXIMATE_BBOX : SPItem::GEOMETRIC_BBOX;
 
-    NR::Maybe<NR::Rect> bbox = sp_item_bbox_desktop(item, bbox_type);
+    Geom::OptRect bbox = getBboxDesktop(bbox_type);
     if (!bbox) {
         g_warning ("Cannot determine item's bounding box during conversion to guides.\n");
         return;
@@ -1595,19 +1585,17 @@ sp_item_convert_to_guides(SPItem *item) {
 
     std::list<std::pair<Geom::Point, Geom::Point> > pts;
 
-    NR::Point A((*bbox).min());
-    NR::Point C((*bbox).max());
-    NR::Point B(A[NR::X], C[NR::Y]);
-    NR::Point D(C[NR::X], A[NR::Y]);
+    Geom::Point A((*bbox).min());
+    Geom::Point C((*bbox).max());
+    Geom::Point B(A[Geom::X], C[Geom::Y]);
+    Geom::Point D(C[Geom::X], A[Geom::Y]);
 
-    pts.push_back(std::make_pair(A.to_2geom(), B.to_2geom()));
-    pts.push_back(std::make_pair(B.to_2geom(), C.to_2geom()));
-    pts.push_back(std::make_pair(C.to_2geom(), D.to_2geom()));
-    pts.push_back(std::make_pair(D.to_2geom(), A.to_2geom()));
+    pts.push_back(std::make_pair(A, B));
+    pts.push_back(std::make_pair(B, C));
+    pts.push_back(std::make_pair(C, D));
+    pts.push_back(std::make_pair(D, A));
 
-    sp_guide_pt_pairs_to_guides(SP_OBJECT_DOCUMENT(item), pts);
-        
-    SP_OBJECT(item)->deleteObject(true);
+    sp_guide_pt_pairs_to_guides(dt, pts);
 }
 
 /*