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index 2a5aea73bafedd62f20cecb1fbf5069b515022bd..94478ed94d70c597c8a024afe79b456a66d40a35 100644 (file)
NAME
----
-git-pull - Pull and merge from another repository or a local branch
+git-pull - Fetch from and merge with another repository or a local branch
SYNOPSIS
include::merge-strategies.txt[]
+DEFAULT BEHAVIOUR
+-----------------
+
+Often people use `git pull` without giving any parameter.
+Traditionally, this has been equivalent to saying `git pull
+origin`. However, when configuration `branch.<name>.remote` is
+present while on branch `<name>`, that value is used instead of
+`origin`.
+
+In order to determine what URL to use to fetch from, the value
+of the configuration `remote.<origin>.url` is consulted
+and if there is not any such variable, the value on `URL: ` line
+in `$GIT_DIR/remotes/<origin>` file is used.
+
+In order to determine what remote branches to fetch (and
+optionally store in the tracking branches) when the command is
+run without any refspec parameters on the command line, values
+of the configuration variable `remote.<origin>.fetch` are
+consulted, and if there aren't any, `$GIT_DIR/remotes/<origin>`
+file is consulted and its `Pull: ` lines are used.
+In addition to the refspec formats described in the OPTIONS
+section, you can have a globbing refspec that looks like this:
+
+------------
+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*
+------------
+
+A globbing refspec must have a non-empty RHS (i.e. must store
+what were fetched in tracking branches), and its LHS and RHS
+must end with `/*`. The above specifies that all remote
+branches are tracked using tracking branches in
+`refs/remotes/origin/` hierarchy under the same name.
+
+The rule to determine which remote branch to merge after
+fetching is a bit involved, in order not to break backward
+compatibility.
+
+If explicit refspecs were given on the command
+line of `git pull`, they are all merged.
+
+When no refspec was given on the command line, then `git pull`
+uses the refspec from the configuration or
+`$GIT_DIR/remotes/<origin>`. In such cases, the following
+rules apply:
+
+. If `branch.<name>.merge` configuration for the current
+ branch `<name>` exists, that is the name of the branch at the
+ remote site that is merged.
+
+. If the refspec is a globbing one, nothing is merged.
+
+. Otherwise the remote branch of the first refspec is merged.
+
+
EXAMPLES
--------
git pull, git pull origin::
- Fetch the default head from the repository you cloned
- from and merge it into your current branch.
+ Update the remote-tracking branches for the repository
+ you cloned from, then merge one of them into your
+ current branch. Normally the branch merged in is
+ the HEAD of the remote repository, but the choice is
+ determined by the branch.<name>.remote and
+ branch.<name>.merge options; see gitlink:git-config[1]
+ for details.
+
+git pull origin next::
+ Merge into the current branch the remote branch `next`;
+ leaves a copy of `next` temporarily in FETCH_HEAD, but
+ does not update any remote-tracking branches.
+
+git pull . fixes enhancements::
+ Bundle local branch `fixes` and `enhancements` on top of
+ the current branch, making an Octopus merge. This `git pull .`
+ syntax is equivalent to `git merge`.
git pull -s ours . obsolete::
Merge local branch `obsolete` into the current branch,
using `ours` merge strategy.
-git pull . fixes enhancements::
- Bundle local branch `fixes` and `enhancements` on top of
- the current branch, making an Octopus merge.
-
git pull --no-commit . maint::
Merge local branch `maint` into the current branch, but
do not make a commit automatically. This can be used
Command line pull of multiple branches from one repository::
+
------------------------------------------------
-$ cat .git/remotes/origin
-URL: git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git
-Pull: master:origin
-
$ git checkout master
-$ git fetch origin master:origin +pu:pu maint:maint
-$ git pull . origin
+$ git fetch origin +pu:pu maint:tmp
+$ git pull . tmp
------------------------------------------------
+
-Here, a typical `.git/remotes/origin` file from a
-`git-clone` operation is used in combination with
-command line options to `git-fetch` to first update
-multiple branches of the local repository and then
-to merge the remote `origin` branch into the local
-`master` branch. The local `pu` branch is updated
-even if it does not result in a fast forward update.
-Here, the pull can obtain its objects from the local
-repository using `.`, as the previous `git-fetch` is
-known to have already obtained and made available
-all the necessary objects.
-
-
-Pull of multiple branches from one repository using `.git/remotes` file::
+This updates (or creates, as necessary) branches `pu` and `tmp`
+in the local repository by fetching from the branches
+(respectively) `pu` and `maint` from the remote repository.
+
-------------------------------------------------
-$ cat .git/remotes/origin
-URL: git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git
-Pull: master:origin
-Pull: +pu:pu
-Pull: maint:maint
-
-$ git checkout master
-$ git pull origin
-------------------------------------------------
+The `pu` branch will be updated even if it is does not
+fast-forward; the others will not be.
+
-Here, a typical `.git/remotes/origin` file from a
-`git-clone` operation has been hand-modified to include
-the branch-mapping of additional remote and local
-heads directly. A single `git-pull` operation while
-in the `master` branch will fetch multiple heads and
-merge the remote `origin` head into the current,
-local `master` branch.
+The final command then merges the newly fetched `tmp` into master.
If you tried a pull which resulted in a complex conflicts and
SEE ALSO
--------
-gitlink:git-fetch[1], gitlink:git-merge[1]
+gitlink:git-fetch[1], gitlink:git-merge[1], gitlink:git-config[1]
Author