index 898acdb5332a8ff98a88780a42c61de1c379bdb0..e71b561172030bbd4c524891f6525fadd160b54b 100644 (file)
for example, to test the latest version, you may prefer to start with
the first two chapters of link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual].
for example, to test the latest version, you may prefer to start with
the first two chapters of link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual].
-First, note that you can get documentation for a command such as "git
-diff" with:
+First, note that you can get documentation for a command such as
+`git log --graph` with:
------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------
-$ man git-diff
+$ man git-log
------------------------------------------------
It is a good idea to introduce yourself to git with your name and
------------------------------------------------
It is a good idea to introduce yourself to git with your name and
directory created, named ".git".
Next, tell git to take a snapshot of the contents of all files under the
directory created, named ".git".
Next, tell git to take a snapshot of the contents of all files under the
-current directory (note the '.'), with linkgit:git-add[1]:
+current directory (note the '.'), with 'git-add':
------------------------------------------------
$ git add .
------------------------------------------------
$ git add .
This snapshot is now stored in a temporary staging area which git calls
the "index". You can permanently store the contents of the index in the
This snapshot is now stored in a temporary staging area which git calls
the "index". You can permanently store the contents of the index in the
-repository with linkgit:git-commit[1]:
+repository with 'git-commit':
------------------------------------------------
$ git commit
------------------------------------------------
$ git commit
------------------------------------------------
You are now ready to commit. You can see what is about to be committed
------------------------------------------------
You are now ready to commit. You can see what is about to be committed
-using linkgit:git-diff[1] with the --cached option:
+using 'git-diff' with the --cached option:
------------------------------------------------
$ git diff --cached
------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------
$ git diff --cached
------------------------------------------------
-(Without --cached, linkgit:git-diff[1] will show you any changes that
+(Without --cached, 'git-diff' will show you any changes that
you've made but not yet added to the index.) You can also get a brief
you've made but not yet added to the index.) You can also get a brief
-summary of the situation with linkgit:git-status[1]:
+summary of the situation with 'git-status':
------------------------------------------------
$ git status
------------------------------------------------
$ git status
$ git commit
------------------------------------------------
$ git commit
------------------------------------------------
-This will again prompt your for a message describing the change, and then
+This will again prompt you for a message describing the change, and then
record a new version of the project.
record a new version of the project.
-Alternatively, instead of running `git add` beforehand, you can use
+Alternatively, instead of running 'git-add' beforehand, you can use
------------------------------------------------
$ git commit -a
------------------------------------------------
$ git commit -a
Git tracks content not files
----------------------------
Git tracks content not files
----------------------------
-Many revision control systems provide an "add" command that tells the
-system to start tracking changes to a new file. Git's "add" command
-does something simpler and more powerful: `git add` is used both for new
+Many revision control systems provide an `add` command that tells the
+system to start tracking changes to a new file. Git's `add` command
+does something simpler and more powerful: 'git-add' is used both for new
and newly modified files, and in both cases it takes a snapshot of the
given files and stages that content in the index, ready for inclusion in
the next commit.
and newly modified files, and in both cases it takes a snapshot of the
given files and stages that content in the index, ready for inclusion in
the next commit.
------------------------------------------------
With this, Alice can perform the first operation alone using the
------------------------------------------------
With this, Alice can perform the first operation alone using the
-"git fetch" command without merging them with her own branch,
+'git-fetch' command without merging them with her own branch,
using:
-------------------------------------
using:
-------------------------------------
-------------------------------------
Unlike the longhand form, when Alice fetches from Bob using a
-------------------------------------
Unlike the longhand form, when Alice fetches from Bob using a
-remote repository shorthand set up with `git remote`, what was
+remote repository shorthand set up with 'git-remote', what was
fetched is stored in a remote tracking branch, in this case
`bob/master`. So after this:
fetched is stored in a remote tracking branch, in this case
`bob/master`. So after this:
/home/alice/project
-------------------------------------
/home/alice/project
-------------------------------------
-(The complete configuration created by git-clone is visible using
-"git config -l", and the linkgit:git-config[1] man page
+(The complete configuration created by 'git-clone' is visible using
+`git config -l`, and the linkgit:git-config[1] man page
explains the meaning of each option.)
Git also keeps a pristine copy of Alice's master branch under the
explains the meaning of each option.)
Git also keeps a pristine copy of Alice's master branch under the
Git can also be used in a CVS-like mode, with a central repository
that various users push changes to; see linkgit:git-push[1] and
Git can also be used in a CVS-like mode, with a central repository
that various users push changes to; see linkgit:git-push[1] and
-linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7][git for CVS users].
+linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7].
Exploring history
-----------------
Git history is represented as a series of interrelated commits. We
Exploring history
-----------------
Git history is represented as a series of interrelated commits. We
-have already seen that the git log command can list those commits.
+have already seen that the 'git-log' command can list those commits.
Note that first line of each git log entry also gives a name for the
commit:
Note that first line of each git log entry also gives a name for the
commit:
merge-base: Clarify the comments on post processing.
-------------------------------------
merge-base: Clarify the comments on post processing.
-------------------------------------
-We can give this name to git show to see the details about this
+We can give this name to 'git-show' to see the details about this
commit.
-------------------------------------
commit.
-------------------------------------
You can also give commits names of your own; after running
-------------------------------------
You can also give commits names of your own; after running
-------------------------------------
-$ git-tag v2.5 1b2e1d63ff
+$ git tag v2.5 1b2e1d63ff
-------------------------------------
you can refer to 1b2e1d63ff by the name "v2.5". If you intend to
-------------------------------------
you can refer to 1b2e1d63ff by the name "v2.5". If you intend to
Be careful with that last command: in addition to losing any changes
in the working directory, it will also remove all later commits from
this branch. If this branch is the only branch containing those
Be careful with that last command: in addition to losing any changes
in the working directory, it will also remove all later commits from
this branch. If this branch is the only branch containing those
-commits, they will be lost. Also, don't use "git reset" on a
+commits, they will be lost. Also, don't use 'git-reset' on a
publicly-visible branch that other developers pull from, as it will
force needless merges on other developers to clean up the history.
publicly-visible branch that other developers pull from, as it will
force needless merges on other developers to clean up the history.
-If you need to undo changes that you have pushed, use linkgit:git-revert[1]
+If you need to undo changes that you have pushed, use 'git-revert'
instead.
instead.
-The git grep command can search for strings in any version of your
+The 'git-grep' command can search for strings in any version of your
project, so
-------------------------------------
project, so
-------------------------------------
searches for all occurrences of "hello" in v2.5.
searches for all occurrences of "hello" in v2.5.
-If you leave out the commit name, git grep will search any of the
+If you leave out the commit name, 'git-grep' will search any of the
files it manages in your current directory. So
-------------------------------------
files it manages in your current directory. So
-------------------------------------
is a quick way to search just the files that are tracked by git.
Many git commands also take sets of commits, which can be specified
is a quick way to search just the files that are tracked by git.
Many git commands also take sets of commits, which can be specified
-in a number of ways. Here are some examples with git log:
+in a number of ways. Here are some examples with 'git-log':
-------------------------------------
$ git log v2.5..v2.6 # commits between v2.5 and v2.6
-------------------------------------
$ git log v2.5..v2.6 # commits between v2.5 and v2.6
# Makefile
-------------------------------------
# Makefile
-------------------------------------
-You can also give git log a "range" of commits where the first is not
+You can also give 'git-log' a "range" of commits where the first is not
necessarily an ancestor of the second; for example, if the tips of
the branches "stable-release" and "master" diverged from a common
commit some time ago, then
necessarily an ancestor of the second; for example, if the tips of
the branches "stable-release" and "master" diverged from a common
commit some time ago, then
will show the list of commits made on the stable branch but not
the experimental branch.
will show the list of commits made on the stable branch but not
the experimental branch.
-The "git log" command has a weakness: it must present commits in a
+The 'git-log' command has a weakness: it must present commits in a
list. When the history has lines of development that diverged and
list. When the history has lines of development that diverged and
-then merged back together, the order in which "git log" presents
+then merged back together, the order in which 'git-log' presents
those commits is meaningless.
Most projects with multiple contributors (such as the linux kernel,
those commits is meaningless.
Most projects with multiple contributors (such as the linux kernel,
-or git itself) have frequent merges, and gitk does a better job of
+or git itself) have frequent merges, and 'gitk' does a better job of
visualizing their history. For example,
-------------------------------------
visualizing their history. For example,
-------------------------------------
$ git diff v2.5:Makefile HEAD:Makefile.in
-------------------------------------
$ git diff v2.5:Makefile HEAD:Makefile.in
-------------------------------------
-You can also use "git show" to see any such file:
+You can also use 'git-show' to see any such file:
-------------------------------------
$ git show v2.5:Makefile
-------------------------------------
$ git show v2.5:Makefile
used to create commits, check out working directories, and
hold the various trees involved in a merge.
used to create commits, check out working directories, and
hold the various trees involved in a merge.
-linkgit:gittutorial-2[7][Part two of this tutorial] explains the object
+Part two of this tutorial explains the object
database, the index file, and a few other odds and ends that you'll
database, the index file, and a few other odds and ends that you'll
-need to make the most of git.
+need to make the most of git. You can find it at linkgit:gittutorial-2[7].
If you don't want to continue with that right away, a few other
digressions that may be interesting at this point are:
If you don't want to continue with that right away, a few other
digressions that may be interesting at this point are:
* link:everyday.html[Everyday GIT with 20 Commands Or So]
* link:everyday.html[Everyday GIT with 20 Commands Or So]
- * linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7][git for CVS users].
+ * linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7]: Git for CVS users.
SEE ALSO
--------
linkgit:gittutorial-2[7],
linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7],
SEE ALSO
--------
linkgit:gittutorial-2[7],
linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7],
+linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7],
+linkgit:gitglossary[7],
link:everyday.html[Everyday git],
link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
GIT
---
link:everyday.html[Everyday git],
link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]
GIT
---
-Part of the linkgit:git[7] suite.
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite.