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index e1f89444a95618a1e520940a79389c854cf9d576..8f9439a6ddfa505c0f3cd0d1f0ba826fc12cc1ba 100644 (file)
SYNOPSIS
--------
SYNOPSIS
--------
-'git-blame' [-c] [-l] [-t] [-S <revs-file>] [--] <file> [<rev>]
+[verse]
+'git-blame' [-c] [-l] [-t] [-f] [-n] [-p] [--incremental] [-L n,m]
+ [-S <revs-file>] [-M] [-C] [-C] [--since=<date>]
+ [<rev> | --contents <file>] [--] <file>
DESCRIPTION
-----------
DESCRIPTION
-----------
Annotates each line in the given file with information from the revision which
last modified the line. Optionally, start annotating from the given revision.
Annotates each line in the given file with information from the revision which
last modified the line. Optionally, start annotating from the given revision.
+Also it can limit the range of lines annotated.
+
This report doesn't tell you anything about lines which have been deleted or
replaced; you need to use a tool such as gitlink:git-diff[1] or the "pickaxe"
interface briefly mentioned in the following paragraph.
Apart from supporting file annotation, git also supports searching the
This report doesn't tell you anything about lines which have been deleted or
replaced; you need to use a tool such as gitlink:git-diff[1] or the "pickaxe"
interface briefly mentioned in the following paragraph.
Apart from supporting file annotation, git also supports searching the
-development history for when a code snippet occured in a change. This makes it
+development history for when a code snippet occurred in a change. This makes it
possible to track when a code snippet was added to a file, moved or copied
between files, and eventually deleted or replaced. It works by searching for
a text string in the diff. A small example:
possible to track when a code snippet was added to a file, moved or copied
between files, and eventually deleted or replaced. It works by searching for
a text string in the diff. A small example:
OPTIONS
-------
OPTIONS
-------
--c, --compatibility::
+include::blame-options.txt[]
+
+-c::
Use the same output mode as gitlink:git-annotate[1] (Default: off).
Use the same output mode as gitlink:git-annotate[1] (Default: off).
--l, --long::
- Show long rev (Default: off).
+--score-debug::
+ Include debugging information related to the movement of
+ lines between files (see `-C`) and lines moved within a
+ file (see `-M`). The first number listed is the score.
+ This is the number of alphanumeric characters detected
+ to be moved between or within files. This must be above
+ a certain threshold for git-blame to consider those lines
+ of code to have been moved.
+
+-f, --show-name::
+ Show filename in the original commit. By default
+ filename is shown if there is any line that came from a
+ file with different name, due to rename detection.
+
+-n, --show-number::
+ Show line number in the original commit (Default: off).
+
+THE PORCELAIN FORMAT
+--------------------
+
+In this format, each line is output after a header; the
+header at the minimum has the first line which has:
+
+- 40-byte SHA-1 of the commit the line is attributed to;
+- the line number of the line in the original file;
+- the line number of the line in the final file;
+- on a line that starts a group of line from a different
+ commit than the previous one, the number of lines in this
+ group. On subsequent lines this field is absent.
+
+This header line is followed by the following information
+at least once for each commit:
+
+- author name ("author"), email ("author-mail"), time
+ ("author-time"), and timezone ("author-tz"); similarly
+ for committer.
+- filename in the commit the line is attributed to.
+- the first line of the commit log message ("summary").
+
+The contents of the actual line is output after the above
+header, prefixed by a TAB. This is to allow adding more
+header elements later.
+
+
+SPECIFYING RANGES
+-----------------
+
+Unlike `git-blame` and `git-annotate` in older git, the extent
+of annotation can be limited to both line ranges and revision
+ranges. When you are interested in finding the origin for
+ll. 40-60 for file `foo`, you can use `-L` option like these
+(they mean the same thing -- both ask for 21 lines starting at
+line 40):
+
+ git blame -L 40,60 foo
+ git blame -L 40,+21 foo
+
+Also you can use regular expression to specify the line range.
+
+ git blame -L '/^sub hello {/,/^}$/' foo
+
+would limit the annotation to the body of `hello` subroutine.
+
+When you are not interested in changes older than the version
+v2.6.18, or changes older than 3 weeks, you can use revision
+range specifiers similar to `git-rev-list`:
+
+ git blame v2.6.18.. -- foo
+ git blame --since=3.weeks -- foo
+
+When revision range specifiers are used to limit the annotation,
+lines that have not changed since the range boundary (either the
+commit v2.6.18 or the most recent commit that is more than 3
+weeks old in the above example) are blamed for that range
+boundary commit.
+
+A particularly useful way is to see if an added file have lines
+created by copy-and-paste from existing files. Sometimes this
+indicates that the developer was being sloppy and did not
+refactor the code properly. You can first find the commit that
+introduced the file with:
+
+ git log --diff-filter=A --pretty=short -- foo
+
+and then annotate the change between the commit and its
+parents, using `commit{caret}!` notation:
+
+ git blame -C -C -f $commit^! -- foo
+
+
+INCREMENTAL OUTPUT
+------------------
+
+When called with `--incremental` option, the command outputs the
+result as it is built. The output generally will talk about
+lines touched by more recent commits first (i.e. the lines will
+be annotated out of order) and is meant to be used by
+interactive viewers.
+
+The output format is similar to the Porcelain format, but it
+does not contain the actual lines from the file that is being
+annotated.
+
+. Each blame entry always starts with a line of:
+
+ <40-byte hex sha1> <sourceline> <resultline> <num_lines>
++
+Line numbers count from 1.
--t, --time::
- Show raw timestamp (Default: off).
+. The first time that commit shows up in the stream, it has various
+ other information about it printed out with a one-word tag at the
+ beginning of each line about that "extended commit info" (author,
+ email, committer, dates, summary etc).
--S, --rev-file <revs-file>::
- Use revs from revs-file instead of calling gitlink:git-rev-list[1].
+. Unlike Porcelain format, the filename information is always
+ given and terminates the entry:
--h, --help::
- Show help message.
+ "filename" <whitespace-quoted-filename-goes-here>
++
+and thus it's really quite easy to parse for some line- and word-oriented
+parser (which should be quite natural for most scripting languages).
++
+[NOTE]
+For people who do parsing: to make it more robust, just ignore any
+lines in between the first and last one ("<sha1>" and "filename" lines)
+where you don't recognize the tag-words (or care about that particular
+one) at the beginning of the "extended information" lines. That way, if
+there is ever added information (like the commit encoding or extended
+commit commentary), a blame viewer won't ever care.
SEE ALSO
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
------
AUTHOR
------
-Written by Fredrik Kuivinen <freku045@student.liu.se>.
+Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
GIT
---
GIT
---