1 Core GIT Tests
2 ==============
4 This directory holds many test scripts for core GIT tools. The
5 first part of this short document describes how to run the tests
6 and read their output.
8 When fixing the tools or adding enhancements, you are strongly
9 encouraged to add tests in this directory to cover what you are
10 trying to fix or enhance. The later part of this short document
11 describes how your test scripts should be organized.
14 Running Tests
15 -------------
17 The easiest way to run tests is to say "make". This runs all
18 the tests.
20 *** t0000-basic.sh ***
21 * ok 1: .git/objects should be empty after git-init in an empty repo.
22 * ok 2: .git/objects should have 256 subdirectories.
23 * ok 3: git-update-index without --add should fail adding.
24 ...
25 * ok 23: no diff after checkout and git-update-index --refresh.
26 * passed all 23 test(s)
27 *** t0100-environment-names.sh ***
28 * ok 1: using old names should issue warnings.
29 * ok 2: using old names but having new names should not issue warnings.
30 ...
32 Or you can run each test individually from command line, like
33 this:
35 $ sh ./t3001-ls-files-killed.sh
36 * ok 1: git-update-index --add to add various paths.
37 * ok 2: git-ls-files -k to show killed files.
38 * ok 3: validate git-ls-files -k output.
39 * passed all 3 test(s)
41 You can pass --verbose (or -v), --debug (or -d), and --immediate
42 (or -i) command line argument to the test.
44 --verbose::
45 This makes the test more verbose. Specifically, the
46 command being run and their output if any are also
47 output.
49 --debug::
50 This may help the person who is developing a new test.
51 It causes the command defined with test_debug to run.
53 --immediate::
54 This causes the test to immediately exit upon the first
55 failed test.
57 --long-tests::
58 This causes additional long-running tests to be run (where
59 available), for more exhaustive testing.
62 Skipping Tests
63 --------------
65 In some environments, certain tests have no way of succeeding
66 due to platform limitation, such as lack of 'unzip' program, or
67 filesystem that do not allow arbitrary sequence of non-NUL bytes
68 as pathnames.
70 You should be able to say something like
72 $ GIT_SKIP_TESTS=t9200.8 sh ./t9200-git-cvsexport-commit.sh
74 and even:
76 $ GIT_SKIP_TESTS='t[0-4]??? t91?? t9200.8' make
78 to omit such tests. The value of the environment variable is a
79 SP separated list of patterns that tells which tests to skip,
80 and either can match the "t[0-9]{4}" part to skip the whole
81 test, or t[0-9]{4} followed by ".$number" to say which
82 particular test to skip.
84 Note that some tests in the existing test suite rely on previous
85 test item, so you cannot arbitrarily disable one and expect the
86 remainder of test to check what the test originally was intended
87 to check.
90 Naming Tests
91 ------------
93 The test files are named as:
95 tNNNN-commandname-details.sh
97 where N is a decimal digit.
99 First digit tells the family:
101 0 - the absolute basics and global stuff
102 1 - the basic commands concerning database
103 2 - the basic commands concerning the working tree
104 3 - the other basic commands (e.g. ls-files)
105 4 - the diff commands
106 5 - the pull and exporting commands
107 6 - the revision tree commands (even e.g. merge-base)
108 7 - the porcelainish commands concerning the working tree
109 8 - the porcelainish commands concerning forensics
110 9 - the git tools
112 Second digit tells the particular command we are testing.
114 Third digit (optionally) tells the particular switch or group of switches
115 we are testing.
117 If you create files under t/ directory (i.e. here) that is not
118 the top-level test script, never name the file to match the above
119 pattern. The Makefile here considers all such files as the
120 top-level test script and tries to run all of them. A care is
121 especially needed if you are creating a common test library
122 file, similar to test-lib.sh, because such a library file may
123 not be suitable for standalone execution.
126 Writing Tests
127 -------------
129 The test script is written as a shell script. It should start
130 with the standard "#!/bin/sh" with copyright notices, and an
131 assignment to variable 'test_description', like this:
133 #!/bin/sh
134 #
135 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
136 #
138 test_description='xxx test (option --frotz)
140 This test registers the following structure in the cache
141 and tries to run git-ls-files with option --frotz.'
144 Source 'test-lib.sh'
145 --------------------
147 After assigning test_description, the test script should source
148 test-lib.sh like this:
150 . ./test-lib.sh
152 This test harness library does the following things:
154 - If the script is invoked with command line argument --help
155 (or -h), it shows the test_description and exits.
157 - Creates an empty test directory with an empty .git/objects
158 database and chdir(2) into it. This directory is 't/trash directory'
159 if you must know, but I do not think you care.
161 - Defines standard test helper functions for your scripts to
162 use. These functions are designed to make all scripts behave
163 consistently when command line arguments --verbose (or -v),
164 --debug (or -d), and --immediate (or -i) is given.
167 End with test_done
168 ------------------
170 Your script will be a sequence of tests, using helper functions
171 from the test harness library. At the end of the script, call
172 'test_done'.
175 Test harness library
176 --------------------
178 There are a handful helper functions defined in the test harness
179 library for your script to use.
181 - test_expect_success <message> <script>
183 This takes two strings as parameter, and evaluates the
184 <script>. If it yields success, test is considered
185 successful. <message> should state what it is testing.
187 Example:
189 test_expect_success \
190 'git-write-tree should be able to write an empty tree.' \
191 'tree=$(git-write-tree)'
193 - test_expect_failure <message> <script>
195 This is NOT the opposite of test_expect_success, but is used
196 to mark a test that demonstrates a known breakage. Unlike
197 the usual test_expect_success tests, which say "ok" on
198 success and "FAIL" on failure, this will say "FIXED" on
199 success and "still broken" on failure. Failures from these
200 tests won't cause -i (immediate) to stop.
202 - test_debug <script>
204 This takes a single argument, <script>, and evaluates it only
205 when the test script is started with --debug command line
206 argument. This is primarily meant for use during the
207 development of a new test script.
209 - test_done
211 Your test script must have test_done at the end. Its purpose
212 is to summarize successes and failures in the test script and
213 exit with an appropriate error code.
215 - test_tick
217 Make commit and tag names consistent by setting the author and
218 committer times to defined stated. Subsequent calls will
219 advance the times by a fixed amount.
221 - test_commit <message> [<filename> [<contents>]]
223 Creates a commit with the given message, committing the given
224 file with the given contents (default for both is to reuse the
225 message string), and adds a tag (again reusing the message
226 string as name). Calls test_tick to make the SHA-1s
227 reproducible.
229 - test_merge <message> <commit-or-tag>
231 Merges the given rev using the given message. Like test_commit,
232 creates a tag and calls test_tick before committing.
234 Tips for Writing Tests
235 ----------------------
237 As with any programming projects, existing programs are the best
238 source of the information. However, do _not_ emulate
239 t0000-basic.sh when writing your tests. The test is special in
240 that it tries to validate the very core of GIT. For example, it
241 knows that there will be 256 subdirectories under .git/objects/,
242 and it knows that the object ID of an empty tree is a certain
243 40-byte string. This is deliberately done so in t0000-basic.sh
244 because the things the very basic core test tries to achieve is
245 to serve as a basis for people who are changing the GIT internal
246 drastically. For these people, after making certain changes,
247 not seeing failures from the basic test _is_ a failure. And
248 such drastic changes to the core GIT that even changes these
249 otherwise supposedly stable object IDs should be accompanied by
250 an update to t0000-basic.sh.
252 However, other tests that simply rely on basic parts of the core
253 GIT working properly should not have that level of intimate
254 knowledge of the core GIT internals. If all the test scripts
255 hardcoded the object IDs like t0000-basic.sh does, that defeats
256 the purpose of t0000-basic.sh, which is to isolate that level of
257 validation in one place. Your test also ends up needing
258 updating when such a change to the internal happens, so do _not_
259 do it and leave the low level of validation to t0000-basic.sh.