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1 <repository>::
2 The "remote" repository that is the source of a fetch
3 or pull operation, or the destination of a push operation.
4 One of the following notations can be used
5 to name the remote repository:
6 +
7 ===============================================================
8 - Rsync URL: rsync://remote.machine/path/to/repo.git/
9 - HTTP(s) URL: http://remote.machine/path/to/repo.git/
10 - git URL: git://remote.machine/path/to/repo.git/
11 or remote.machine:/path/to/repo.git/
12 - Local directory: /path/to/repo.git/
13 ===============================================================
14 +
15 In addition to the above, as a short-hand, the name of a
16 file in `$GIT_DIR/remotes` directory can be given; the
17 named file should be in the following format:
18 +
19 URL: one of the above URL format
20 Push: <refspec>...
21 Pull: <refspec>...
22 +
23 When such a short-hand is specified in place of
24 <repository> without <refspec> parameters on the command
25 line, <refspec>... specified on `Push:` lines or `Pull:`
26 lines are used for `git-push` and `git-fetch`/`git-pull`,
27 respectively. Multiple `Push:` and and `Pull:` lines may
28 be specified for additional branch mappings.
29 +
30 The name of a file in `$GIT_DIR/branches` directory can be
31 specified as an older notation short-hand; the named
32 file should contain a single line, a URL in one of the
33 above formats, optionally followed by a hash `#` and the
34 name of remote head (URL fragment notation).
35 `$GIT_DIR/branches/<remote>` file that stores a <url>
36 without the fragment is equivalent to have this in the
37 corresponding file in the `$GIT_DIR/remotes/` directory.
38 +
39 URL: <url>
40 Pull: refs/heads/master:<remote>
41 +
42 while having `<url>#<head>` is equivalent to
43 +
44 URL: <url>
45 Pull: refs/heads/<head>:<remote>
47 <refspec>::
48 The canonical format of a <refspec> parameter is
49 `+?<src>:<dst>`; that is, an optional plus `+`, followed
50 by the source ref, followed by a colon `:`, followed by
51 the destination ref.
52 +
53 When used in `git-push`, the <src> side can be an
54 arbitrary "SHA1 expression" that can be used as an
55 argument to `git-cat-file -t`. E.g. `master~4` (push
56 four parents before the current master head).
57 +
58 For `git-push`, the local ref that matches <src> is used
59 to fast forward the remote ref that matches <dst>. If
60 the optional plus `+` is used, the remote ref is updated
61 even if it does not result in a fast forward update.
62 +
63 For `git-fetch` and `git-pull`, the remote ref that matches <src>
64 is fetched, and if <dst> is not empty string, the local
65 ref that matches it is fast forwarded using <src>.
66 Again, if the optional plus `+` is used, the local ref
67 is updated even if it does not result in a fast forward
68 update.
69 +
70 [NOTE]
71 If the remote branch from which you want to pull is
72 modified in non-linear ways such as being rewound and
73 rebased frequently, then a pull will attempt a merge with
74 an older version of itself, likely conflict, and fail.
75 It is under these conditions that you would want to use
76 the `+` sign to indicate non-fast-forward updates will
77 be needed. There is currently no easy way to determine
78 or declare that a branch will be made available in a
79 repository with this behavior; the pulling user simply
80 must know this is the expected usage pattern for a branch.
81 +
82 [NOTE]
83 You never do your own development on branches that appear
84 on the right hand side of a <refspec> colon on `Pull:` lines;
85 they are to be updated by `git-fetch`. The corollary is that
86 a local branch should be introduced and named on a <refspec>
87 right-hand-side if you intend to do development derived from
88 that branch.
89 This leads to the common `Pull: master:origin` mapping of a
90 remote `master` branch to a local `origin` branch, which
91 is then merged to a local development branch, again typically
92 named `master`.
93 +
94 Some short-cut notations are also supported.
95 +
96 * For backward compatibility, `tag` is almost ignored;
97 it just makes the following parameter <tag> to mean a
98 refspec `refs/tags/<tag>:refs/tags/<tag>`.
99 * A parameter <ref> without a colon is equivalent to
100 <ref>: when pulling/fetching, and <ref>`:`<ref> when
101 pushing. That is, do not store it locally if
102 fetching, and update the same name if pushing.