1 git-stash(1)
2 ============
4 NAME
5 ----
6 git-stash - Stash the changes in a dirty working directory away
8 SYNOPSIS
9 --------
10 [verse]
11 'git stash' list [<options>]
12 'git stash' show [<stash>]
13 'git stash' drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
14 'git stash' ( pop | apply ) [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]
15 'git stash' branch <branchname> [<stash>]
16 'git stash' [save [--keep-index] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]]
17 'git stash' clear
18 'git stash' create
20 DESCRIPTION
21 -----------
23 Use 'git stash' when you want to record the current state of the
24 working directory and the index, but want to go back to a clean
25 working directory. The command saves your local modifications away
26 and reverts the working directory to match the `HEAD` commit.
28 The modifications stashed away by this command can be listed with
29 `git stash list`, inspected with `git stash show`, and restored
30 (potentially on top of a different commit) with `git stash apply`.
31 Calling `git stash` without any arguments is equivalent to `git stash save`.
32 A stash is by default listed as "WIP on 'branchname' ...", but
33 you can give a more descriptive message on the command line when
34 you create one.
36 The latest stash you created is stored in `$GIT_DIR/refs/stash`; older
37 stashes are found in the reflog of this reference and can be named using
38 the usual reflog syntax (e.g. `stash@\{0}` is the most recently
39 created stash, `stash@\{1}` is the one before it, `stash@\{2.hours.ago}`
40 is also possible).
42 OPTIONS
43 -------
45 save [--keep-index] [-q|--quiet] [<message>]::
47 Save your local modifications to a new 'stash', and run `git reset
48 --hard` to revert them. This is the default action when no
49 subcommand is given. The <message> part is optional and gives
50 the description along with the stashed state.
51 +
52 If the `--keep-index` option is used, all changes already added to the
53 index are left intact.
55 list [<options>]::
57 List the stashes that you currently have. Each 'stash' is listed
58 with its name (e.g. `stash@\{0}` is the latest stash, `stash@\{1}` is
59 the one before, etc.), the name of the branch that was current when the
60 stash was made, and a short description of the commit the stash was
61 based on.
62 +
63 ----------------------------------------------------------------
64 stash@{0}: WIP on submit: 6ebd0e2... Update git-stash documentation
65 stash@{1}: On master: 9cc0589... Add git-stash
66 ----------------------------------------------------------------
67 +
68 The command takes options applicable to the 'git-log'
69 command to control what is shown and how. See linkgit:git-log[1].
71 show [<stash>]::
73 Show the changes recorded in the stash as a diff between the
74 stashed state and its original parent. When no `<stash>` is given,
75 shows the latest one. By default, the command shows the diffstat, but
76 it will accept any format known to 'git-diff' (e.g., `git stash show
77 -p stash@\{1}` to view the second most recent stash in patch form).
79 pop [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
81 Remove a single stashed state from the stash list and apply it
82 on top of the current working tree state, i.e., do the inverse
83 operation of `git stash save`. The working directory must
84 match the index.
85 +
86 Applying the state can fail with conflicts; in this case, it is not
87 removed from the stash list. You need to resolve the conflicts by hand
88 and call `git stash drop` manually afterwards.
89 +
90 If the `--index` option is used, then tries to reinstate not only the working
91 tree's changes, but also the index's ones. However, this can fail, when you
92 have conflicts (which are stored in the index, where you therefore can no
93 longer apply the changes as they were originally).
94 +
95 When no `<stash>` is given, `stash@\{0}` is assumed.
97 apply [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
99 Like `pop`, but do not remove the state from the stash list.
101 branch <branchname> [<stash>]::
103 Creates and checks out a new branch named `<branchname>` starting from
104 the commit at which the `<stash>` was originally created, applies the
105 changes recorded in `<stash>` to the new working tree and index, then
106 drops the `<stash>` if that completes successfully. When no `<stash>`
107 is given, applies the latest one.
108 +
109 This is useful if the branch on which you ran `git stash save` has
110 changed enough that `git stash apply` fails due to conflicts. Since
111 the stash is applied on top of the commit that was HEAD at the time
112 `git stash` was run, it restores the originally stashed state with
113 no conflicts.
115 clear::
116 Remove all the stashed states. Note that those states will then
117 be subject to pruning, and may be difficult or impossible to recover.
119 drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
121 Remove a single stashed state from the stash list. When no `<stash>`
122 is given, it removes the latest one. i.e. `stash@\{0}`
124 create::
126 Create a stash (which is a regular commit object) and return its
127 object name, without storing it anywhere in the ref namespace.
130 DISCUSSION
131 ----------
133 A stash is represented as a commit whose tree records the state of the
134 working directory, and its first parent is the commit at `HEAD` when
135 the stash was created. The tree of the second parent records the
136 state of the index when the stash is made, and it is made a child of
137 the `HEAD` commit. The ancestry graph looks like this:
139 .----W
140 / /
141 -----H----I
143 where `H` is the `HEAD` commit, `I` is a commit that records the state
144 of the index, and `W` is a commit that records the state of the working
145 tree.
148 EXAMPLES
149 --------
151 Pulling into a dirty tree::
153 When you are in the middle of something, you learn that there are
154 upstream changes that are possibly relevant to what you are
155 doing. When your local changes do not conflict with the changes in
156 the upstream, a simple `git pull` will let you move forward.
157 +
158 However, there are cases in which your local changes do conflict with
159 the upstream changes, and `git pull` refuses to overwrite your
160 changes. In such a case, you can stash your changes away,
161 perform a pull, and then unstash, like this:
162 +
163 ----------------------------------------------------------------
164 $ git pull
165 ...
166 file foobar not up to date, cannot merge.
167 $ git stash
168 $ git pull
169 $ git stash pop
170 ----------------------------------------------------------------
172 Interrupted workflow::
174 When you are in the middle of something, your boss comes in and
175 demands that you fix something immediately. Traditionally, you would
176 make a commit to a temporary branch to store your changes away, and
177 return to your original branch to make the emergency fix, like this:
178 +
179 ----------------------------------------------------------------
180 # ... hack hack hack ...
181 $ git checkout -b my_wip
182 $ git commit -a -m "WIP"
183 $ git checkout master
184 $ edit emergency fix
185 $ git commit -a -m "Fix in a hurry"
186 $ git checkout my_wip
187 $ git reset --soft HEAD^
188 # ... continue hacking ...
189 ----------------------------------------------------------------
190 +
191 You can use 'git-stash' to simplify the above, like this:
192 +
193 ----------------------------------------------------------------
194 # ... hack hack hack ...
195 $ git stash
196 $ edit emergency fix
197 $ git commit -a -m "Fix in a hurry"
198 $ git stash pop
199 # ... continue hacking ...
200 ----------------------------------------------------------------
202 Testing partial commits::
204 You can use `git stash save --keep-index` when you want to make two or
205 more commits out of the changes in the work tree, and you want to test
206 each change before committing:
207 +
208 ----------------------------------------------------------------
209 # ... hack hack hack ...
210 $ git add --patch foo # add just first part to the index
211 $ git stash save --keep-index # save all other changes to the stash
212 $ edit/build/test first part
213 $ git commit -m 'First part' # commit fully tested change
214 $ git stash pop # prepare to work on all other changes
215 # ... repeat above five steps until one commit remains ...
216 $ edit/build/test remaining parts
217 $ git commit foo -m 'Remaining parts'
218 ----------------------------------------------------------------
220 SEE ALSO
221 --------
222 linkgit:git-checkout[1],
223 linkgit:git-commit[1],
224 linkgit:git-reflog[1],
225 linkgit:git-reset[1]
227 AUTHOR
228 ------
229 Written by Nanako Shiraishi <nanako3@bluebottle.com>
231 GIT
232 ---
233 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite