1 git-ls-files(1)
2 ===============
4 NAME
5 ----
6 git-ls-files - Show information about files in the index and the working tree
9 SYNOPSIS
10 --------
11 [verse]
12 'git ls-files' [-z] [-t] [-v]
13 (--[cached|deleted|others|ignored|stage|unmerged|killed|modified])\*
14 (-[c|d|o|i|s|u|k|m])\*
15 [-x <pattern>|--exclude=<pattern>]
16 [-X <file>|--exclude-from=<file>]
17 [--exclude-per-directory=<file>]
18 [--exclude-standard]
19 [--error-unmatch] [--with-tree=<tree-ish>]
20 [--full-name] [--abbrev] [--] [<file>]\*
22 DESCRIPTION
23 -----------
24 This merges the file listing in the directory cache index with the
25 actual working directory list, and shows different combinations of the
26 two.
28 One or more of the options below may be used to determine the files
29 shown:
31 OPTIONS
32 -------
33 -c::
34 --cached::
35 Show cached files in the output (default)
37 -d::
38 --deleted::
39 Show deleted files in the output
41 -m::
42 --modified::
43 Show modified files in the output
45 -o::
46 --others::
47 Show other (i.e. untracked) files in the output
49 -i::
50 --ignored::
51 Show only ignored files in the output. When showing files in the
52 index, print only those matched by an exclude pattern. When
53 showing "other" files, show only those matched by an exclude
54 pattern.
56 -s::
57 --stage::
58 Show staged contents' object name, mode bits and stage number in the output.
60 --directory::
61 If a whole directory is classified as "other", show just its
62 name (with a trailing slash) and not its whole contents.
64 --no-empty-directory::
65 Do not list empty directories. Has no effect without --directory.
67 -u::
68 --unmerged::
69 Show unmerged files in the output (forces --stage)
71 -k::
72 --killed::
73 Show files on the filesystem that need to be removed due
74 to file/directory conflicts for checkout-index to
75 succeed.
77 -z::
78 \0 line termination on output.
80 -x <pattern>::
81 --exclude=<pattern>::
82 Skips files matching pattern.
83 Note that pattern is a shell wildcard pattern.
85 -X <file>::
86 --exclude-from=<file>::
87 exclude patterns are read from <file>; 1 per line.
89 --exclude-per-directory=<file>::
90 read additional exclude patterns that apply only to the
91 directory and its subdirectories in <file>.
93 --exclude-standard::
94 Add the standard git exclusions: .git/info/exclude, .gitignore
95 in each directory, and the user's global exclusion file.
97 --error-unmatch::
98 If any <file> does not appear in the index, treat this as an
99 error (return 1).
101 --with-tree=<tree-ish>::
102 When using --error-unmatch to expand the user supplied
103 <file> (i.e. path pattern) arguments to paths, pretend
104 that paths which were removed in the index since the
105 named <tree-ish> are still present. Using this option
106 with `-s` or `-u` options does not make any sense.
108 -t::
109 Identify the file status with the following tags (followed by
110 a space) at the start of each line:
111 H:: cached
112 M:: unmerged
113 R:: removed/deleted
114 C:: modified/changed
115 K:: to be killed
116 ?:: other
118 -v::
119 Similar to `-t`, but use lowercase letters for files
120 that are marked as 'assume unchanged' (see
121 linkgit:git-update-index[1]).
123 --full-name::
124 When run from a subdirectory, the command usually
125 outputs paths relative to the current directory. This
126 option forces paths to be output relative to the project
127 top directory.
129 --abbrev[=<n>]::
130 Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal object
131 lines, show only a partial prefix.
132 Non default number of digits can be specified with --abbrev=<n>.
134 \--::
135 Do not interpret any more arguments as options.
137 <file>::
138 Files to show. If no files are given all files which match the other
139 specified criteria are shown.
141 Output
142 ------
143 show files just outputs the filename unless '--stage' is specified in
144 which case it outputs:
146 [<tag> ]<mode> <object> <stage> <file>
148 'git-ls-files --unmerged' and 'git-ls-files --stage' can be used to examine
149 detailed information on unmerged paths.
151 For an unmerged path, instead of recording a single mode/SHA1 pair,
152 the index records up to three such pairs; one from tree O in stage
153 1, A in stage 2, and B in stage 3. This information can be used by
154 the user (or the porcelain) to see what should eventually be recorded at the
155 path. (see linkgit:git-read-tree[1] for more information on state)
157 When `-z` option is not used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters
158 in pathnames are represented as `\t`, `\n`, and `\\`,
159 respectively.
162 Exclude Patterns
163 ----------------
165 'git-ls-files' can use a list of "exclude patterns" when
166 traversing the directory tree and finding files to show when the
167 flags --others or --ignored are specified. linkgit:gitignore[5]
168 specifies the format of exclude patterns.
170 These exclude patterns come from these places, in order:
172 1. The command line flag --exclude=<pattern> specifies a
173 single pattern. Patterns are ordered in the same order
174 they appear in the command line.
176 2. The command line flag --exclude-from=<file> specifies a
177 file containing a list of patterns. Patterns are ordered
178 in the same order they appear in the file.
180 3. command line flag --exclude-per-directory=<name> specifies
181 a name of the file in each directory 'git-ls-files'
182 examines, normally `.gitignore`. Files in deeper
183 directories take precedence. Patterns are ordered in the
184 same order they appear in the files.
186 A pattern specified on the command line with --exclude or read
187 from the file specified with --exclude-from is relative to the
188 top of the directory tree. A pattern read from a file specified
189 by --exclude-per-directory is relative to the directory that the
190 pattern file appears in.
192 SEE ALSO
193 --------
194 linkgit:git-read-tree[1], linkgit:gitignore[5]
197 Author
198 ------
199 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
201 Documentation
202 --------------
203 Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano, Josh Triplett, and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
205 GIT
206 ---
207 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite