1 git-for-each-ref(1)
2 ===================
4 NAME
5 ----
6 git-for-each-ref - Output information on each ref
8 SYNOPSIS
9 --------
10 'git-for-each-ref' [--count=<count>]\* [--shell|--perl|--python|--tcl] [--sort=<key>]\* [--format=<format>] [<pattern>]
12 DESCRIPTION
13 -----------
15 Iterate over all refs that match `<pattern>` and show them
16 according to the given `<format>`, after sorting them according
17 to the given set of `<key>`. If `<max>` is given, stop after
18 showing that many refs. The interpolated values in `<format>`
19 can optionally be quoted as string literals in the specified
20 host language allowing their direct evaluation in that language.
22 OPTIONS
23 -------
24 <count>::
25 By default the command shows all refs that match
26 `<pattern>`. This option makes it stop after showing
27 that many refs.
29 <key>::
30 A field name to sort on. Prefix `-` to sort in
31 descending order of the value. When unspecified,
32 `refname` is used. More than one sort keys can be
33 given.
35 <format>::
36 A string that interpolates `%(fieldname)` from the
37 object pointed at by a ref being shown. If `fieldname`
38 is prefixed with an asterisk (`*`) and the ref points
39 at a tag object, the value for the field in the object
40 tag refers is used. When unspecified, defaults to
41 `%(objectname) SPC %(objecttype) TAB %(refname)`.
42 It also interpolates `%%` to `%`, and `%xx` where `xx`
43 are hex digits interpolates to character with hex code
44 `xx`; for example `%00` interpolates to `\0` (NUL),
45 `%09` to `\t` (TAB) and `%0a` to `\n` (LF).
47 <pattern>::
48 If given, the name of the ref is matched against this
49 using fnmatch(3). Refs that do not match the pattern
50 are not shown.
52 --shell, --perl, --python, --tcl::
53 If given, strings that substitute `%(fieldname)`
54 placeholders are quoted as string literals suitable for
55 the specified host language. This is meant to produce
56 a scriptlet that can directly be `eval`ed.
59 FIELD NAMES
60 -----------
62 Various values from structured fields in referenced objects can
63 be used to interpolate into the resulting output, or as sort
64 keys.
66 For all objects, the following names can be used:
68 refname::
69 The name of the ref (the part after $GIT_DIR/refs/).
71 objecttype::
72 The type of the object (`blob`, `tree`, `commit`, `tag`).
74 objectsize::
75 The size of the object (the same as `git-cat-file -s` reports).
77 objectname::
78 The object name (aka SHA-1).
80 In addition to the above, for commit and tag objects, the header
81 field names (`tree`, `parent`, `object`, `type`, and `tag`) can
82 be used to specify the value in the header field.
84 Fields that have name-email-date tuple as its value (`author`,
85 `committer`, and `tagger`) can be suffixed with `name`, `email`,
86 and `date` to extract the named component.
88 The first line of the message in a commit and tag object is
89 `subject`, the remaining lines are `body`. The whole message
90 is `contents`.
92 For sorting purposes, fields with numeric values sort in numeric
93 order (`objectsize`, `authordate`, `committerdate`, `taggerdate`).
94 All other fields are used to sort in their byte-value order.
96 In any case, a field name that refers to a field inapplicable to
97 the object referred by the ref does not cause an error. It
98 returns an empty string instead.
101 EXAMPLES
102 --------
104 An example directly producing formatted text. Show the most recent
105 3 tagged commits::
107 ------------
108 #!/bin/sh
110 git-for-each-ref --count=3 --sort='-*authordate' \
111 --format='From: %(*authorname) %(*authoremail)
112 Subject: %(*subject)
113 Date: %(*authordate)
114 Ref: %(*refname)
116 %(*body)
117 ' 'refs/tags'
118 ------------
121 A simple example showing the use of shell eval on the output,
122 demonstrating the use of --shell. List the prefixes of all heads::
123 ------------
124 #!/bin/sh
126 git-for-each-ref --shell --format="ref=%(refname)" refs/heads | \
127 while read entry
128 do
129 eval "$entry"
130 echo `dirname $ref`
131 done
132 ------------
135 A bit more elaborate report on tags, demonstrating that the format
136 may be an entire script::
137 ------------
138 #!/bin/sh
140 fmt='
141 r=%(refname)
142 t=%(*objecttype)
143 T=${r#refs/tags/}
145 o=%(*objectname)
146 n=%(*authorname)
147 e=%(*authoremail)
148 s=%(*subject)
149 d=%(*authordate)
150 b=%(*body)
152 kind=Tag
153 if test "z$t" = z
154 then
155 # could be a lightweight tag
156 t=%(objecttype)
157 kind="Lightweight tag"
158 o=%(objectname)
159 n=%(authorname)
160 e=%(authoremail)
161 s=%(subject)
162 d=%(authordate)
163 b=%(body)
164 fi
165 echo "$kind $T points at a $t object $o"
166 if test "z$t" = zcommit
167 then
168 echo "The commit was authored by $n $e
169 at $d, and titled
171 $s
173 Its message reads as:
174 "
175 echo "$b" | sed -e "s/^/ /"
176 echo
177 fi
178 '
180 eval=`git-for-each-ref --shell --format="$fmt" \
181 --sort='*objecttype' \
182 --sort=-taggerdate \
183 refs/tags`
184 eval "$eval"
185 ------------